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== Patronymic Naming System | ==Patronymic Naming System== | ||
The patronymic naming system was used in all of Scandinavia. That means a Scandinavian's family name was formed by taking the first name of the natural father and adding sen, son, sson, søn, datter, dotter, or dottir to it. A person named Johannes Augustsen was literally "Johannes, the son of August." Maria Pedersdatter was literally, "Maria, the daughter of Peder." Because of this system, there could be many people living in the same place at the same time with the same surnames who were completely unrelated. | The patronymic naming system was used in all of Scandinavia. That means a Scandinavian's family name was formed by taking the first name of the natural father and adding sen, son, sson, søn, datter, dotter, or dottir to it. A person named Johannes Augustsen was literally "Johannes, the son of August." Maria Pedersdatter was literally, "Maria, the daughter of Peder." Because of this system, there could be many people living in the same place at the same time with the same surnames who were completely unrelated. | ||
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<br>'''The patronymic naming system lasted to the following time periods:''' | <br>'''The patronymic naming system lasted to the following time periods:''' | ||
== Denmark | ==Denmark== | ||
If a Dane moved from the country into the city, he could have taken a farm or village name as his surname to be known by in the city records. Otherwise, as early as the 1850's in most major Danish cities (1828 in Copenhagen), the use of the patronymics began to be discontinued. In the countryside, the change from patronymics to using the same surname began around 1867. The key to finding out when the change is in that area, is to watch for the pattern in the records. Note if the child is always being given the surname of the father or if it is still being mixed. | If a Dane moved from the country into the city, he could have taken a farm or village name as his surname to be known by in the city records. Otherwise, as early as the 1850's in most major Danish cities (1828 in Copenhagen), the use of the patronymics began to be discontinued. In the countryside, the change from patronymics to using the same surname began around 1867. The key to finding out when the change is in that area, is to watch for the pattern in the records. Note if the child is always being given the surname of the father or if it is still being mixed. Suffixes for a danish surname are -søn (masculine), and -datter (feminine). | ||
== Finland | ==Finland== | ||
The change from patronymics to set surname came about in the late 1880s to 1890s. | The change from patronymics to set surname came about in the late 1880s to 1890s. The natural Finnish way of referring to someone's parentage is the genitive: ''Matin Olli'' ("Matthew's Olaf") instead of the solemn ''Olli Matinpoika'' ("Olaf Matthew's son")<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_name#Patronymics</ref> | ||
== Norway | ==Norway== | ||
Suffixes for a norweigian surname are -sen (masculine), and -sdatter (feminine). See the article [[Norway Names Personal|Norway, Names Personal]]. | |||
==Sweden== | |||
A person moving into a big city as early as the 1860s could have chosen a name out of the air, their father's soldier name, or perhaps a trade mentor's name to be known by. Rarely was it a place name. In the countryside, the use of patronymics began to phase out in the 1860s to 1870s. Suffixes for a swedish surname are -son (masculine) and -dotter (feminine), although it is not uncommon for women to use the suffix -son as well. | |||
== Iceland == | |||
Iceland is the only nordic country that still uses patronymic surnames. Suffixes for an icelandic surname are -sson (masculine), and -dottir (feminine). | |||
==Given Names== | ==Given Names== | ||