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England Court Records: Difference between revisions
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=== Quarter Session Courts === | === Quarter Session Courts === | ||
{{main|England Quarter Session Records}} | |||
From the 16th century on, and in some cases from the 13th century, [[England Quarter Session Records|Quarter Session]] courts dealt with many issues, including crime, land, licensing, oaths of denization, militia, county rates, roads and bridges, taxes, religion, social welfare, lunatics, and so on. Many middle class and poor people are mentioned. <br> | {{main|England Quarter Session Records}} From the 16th century on, and in some cases from the 13th century, [[England Quarter Session Records|Quarter Session]] courts dealt with many issues, including crime, land, licensing, oaths of denization, militia, county rates, roads and bridges, taxes, religion, social welfare, lunatics, and so on. Many middle class and poor people are mentioned. <br> | ||
A more detailed discussion of these records is in: | A more detailed discussion of these records is in: | ||
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The original records are in the respective county or council archives. Copies of some quarter session records are in the Family History Library. Use the Place Search of the [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/Library/FHLC/frameset_fhlc.asp Family History Library Catalog] under: | The original records are in the respective county or council archives. Copies of some quarter session records are in the Family History Library. Use the Place Search of the [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/Library/FHLC/frameset_fhlc.asp Family History Library Catalog] under: | ||
ENGLAND - [COUNTY NAME] - COURT RECORDS | ENGLAND - [COUNTY NAME] - COURT RECORDS | ||
=== Manorial Courts === | === Manorial Courts === | ||
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If you do not have access to the Internet, or for counties other than those listed above you may write to the National Archives which maintains the register. | If you do not have access to the Internet, or for counties other than those listed above you may write to the National Archives which maintains the register. | ||
The Family History Library has some manorial court records. To find the records that are in the library, look in the Place Search of the [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/Library/FHLC/frameset_fhlc.asp Family History Library Catalog] under : | The Family History Library has some manorial court records. To find the records that are in the library, look in the Place Search of the [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/Library/FHLC/frameset_fhlc.asp Family History Library Catalog] under : | ||
ENGLAND - COURT RECORDS | ENGLAND - COURT RECORDS | ||
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*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=150 “Manor and Other Local Court Rolls, 13th Century-1922”]. London: The National Archives, 2004. Legal Records Information no. 9. | *[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=150 “Manor and Other Local Court Rolls, 13th Century-1922”]. London: The National Archives, 2004. Legal Records Information no. 9. | ||
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=385 “The Manorial Documents Register and Manorial Lordships”]. London: The National Archives, 2004. Legal Records Information no. 25. | *[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=385 “The Manorial Documents Register and Manorial Lordships”]. London: The National Archives, 2004. Legal Records Information no. 25. | ||
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=139 “Manorial Records in The National Archives”]. London: The National Archives, 2008. Legal Records Information no. 1.<br> | *[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=139 “Manorial Records in The National Archives”]. London: The National Archives, 2008. Legal Records Information no. 1.<br> | ||
*Park, Peter B. ''My Ancestors Were Manorial Tenants: How Can I Find Out More About Them?'' London, England: Society of Genealogists, 1994. (Family History Library book [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=682381&disp=My+ancestors+were+manorial+tenants%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942 D27pp].) | *Park, Peter B. ''My Ancestors Were Manorial Tenants: How Can I Find Out More About Them?'' London, England: Society of Genealogists, 1994. (Family History Library book [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=682381&disp=My+ancestors+were+manorial+tenants%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942 D27pp].) | ||
*Ellis, Mary. ''Using Manorial Records.'' London, England: PRO Publications in association with The Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, 1994. (Family History Library book [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=823863&disp=Using+manorial+records%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942 J77e].) | *Ellis, Mary. ''Using Manorial Records.'' London, England: PRO Publications in association with The Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, 1994. (Family History Library book [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=823863&disp=Using+manorial+records%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942 J77e].) | ||
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=== Assize Courts === | === Assize Courts === | ||
{{main|Assize Court Records}} | |||
These circuit courts usually dealt with the more serious criminal cases from the 13th century to 1971. The records mention many middle class and poor people. | {{main|Assize Court Records}} These circuit courts usually dealt with the more serious criminal cases from the 13th century to 1971. The records mention many middle class and poor people. | ||
=== Chancery Court === | === Chancery Court === | ||
{{main|England Chancery Court Records}} | |||
What is a Chancery? A simple definition says "Chancery Proceedings record disputes over inheritance, land, debts, etc., from the fourteenth to the nineteenth centuries" (Gibbons). FitzHugh states, "Chancery as a court of law dates from about 1348. It was a court of equity based on Roman Law to deal with cases for which the Common Law made no provision, and later with cases remediable under Common Law but in which the plaintiff would have found himself under a legal disadvantage. It was absorbed into the Supreme Court of Judicature in 1873" (FitzHugh, 65) | {{main|England Chancery Court Records}} What is a Chancery? A simple definition says "Chancery Proceedings record disputes over inheritance, land, debts, etc., from the fourteenth to the nineteenth centuries" (Gibbons). FitzHugh states, "Chancery as a court of law dates from about 1348. It was a court of equity based on Roman Law to deal with cases for which the Common Law made no provision, and later with cases remediable under Common Law but in which the plaintiff would have found himself under a legal disadvantage. It was absorbed into the Supreme Court of Judicature in 1873" (FitzHugh, 65) | ||
=== Court of the Exchequer === | === Court of the Exchequer === | ||
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This court also dealt with matters of the wealthy. Beginning early in the 12th twelfth century, it became an administrative body for collecting the royal revenue and performing the accompanying judicial business. As time went by, the court gained jurisdiction over suits between two individuals. The National Archives houses the records from the Court of the Exchequer for people who lived in England and Wales. The Family History Library has a film copy of an index to 127,628 Exchequer depositions between 1559 and 1695 ([http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=651788&disp=Exchequer+deponents&columns=*,0,0 FHL film 104399 Items 3-6]). | This court also dealt with matters of the wealthy. Beginning early in the 12th twelfth century, it became an administrative body for collecting the royal revenue and performing the accompanying judicial business. As time went by, the court gained jurisdiction over suits between two individuals. The National Archives houses the records from the Court of the Exchequer for people who lived in England and Wales. The Family History Library has a film copy of an index to 127,628 Exchequer depositions between 1559 and 1695 ([http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=651788&disp=Exchequer+deponents&columns=*,0,0 FHL film 104399 Items 3-6]). | ||
The National Archives in England published [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=226 “Taxation Records Before 1689”] in 2004 about tax records in the Exchequer court. (Domestic Records Information 10). It includes a link to a searchable database for the E179 records. | The National Archives in England published [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/RdLeaflet.asp?sLeafletID=226 “Taxation Records Before 1689”] in 2004 about tax records in the Exchequer court. (Domestic Records Information 10). It includes a link to a searchable database for the E179 records. | ||
=== Ecclesiastical Courts === | === Ecclesiastical Courts === | ||
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*Sturgess, H. A. C. ''Register of admissions to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, from the fifteenth century to the year 1944''. 3 volumes. London: Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, 1949. Volume 1, 1501-1781; volume 2, 1782-1909; volume 3, 1910-1944. (FHL book number [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=117950&disp=Register+of+admissions+to+the+Honourable%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942.1/L1 C4st vol. 1-3]; film numbers [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=117950&disp=Register+of+admissions+to+the+Honourable++ 873850 vol.1-2] and [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=117950&disp=Register+of+admissions+to+the+Honourable++ 873851 vol. 3].) | *Sturgess, H. A. C. ''Register of admissions to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, from the fifteenth century to the year 1944''. 3 volumes. London: Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, 1949. Volume 1, 1501-1781; volume 2, 1782-1909; volume 3, 1910-1944. (FHL book number [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=117950&disp=Register+of+admissions+to+the+Honourable%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942.1/L1 C4st vol. 1-3]; film numbers [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=117950&disp=Register+of+admissions+to+the+Honourable++ 873850 vol.1-2] and [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=117950&disp=Register+of+admissions+to+the+Honourable++ 873851 vol. 3].) | ||
Source: [http://www.middletemple.org.uk/ Middle Temple ] | Source: [http://www.middletemple.org.uk/ Middle Temple] | ||
===== '''Lincoln’s Inn, London ''' ===== | ===== '''Lincoln’s Inn, London ''' ===== | ||
The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn is said to take its name from Henry de Lacy, third Earl of Lincoln, who died in 1311. His own great house was adjacent and he is credited with being the Society's patron. Although the other three Inns of Court are of comparable antiquity, having evolved from uncertain origins in the fourteenth century, Lincoln's Inn can claim the oldest extant records, the Black Books, which record its principal activities from 1422 to this day.[[|]]<br> | [[Image:Lincoln's Inn. London.jpg|thumb|right|298x190px]]The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn is said to take its name from Henry de Lacy, third Earl of Lincoln, who died in 1311. His own great house was adjacent and he is credited with being the Society's patron. Although the other three Inns of Court are of comparable antiquity, having evolved from uncertain origins in the fourteenth century, Lincoln's Inn can claim the oldest extant records, the Black Books, which record its principal activities from 1422 to this day.[[|]]<br> | ||
*''The Records of the Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn; vol. 1 from 1420 to 1799, vol. II admissions from 1800 to 1893 and chapel registers''. London: Lincoln’s Inn, 1896-1902. (FHL film numbers [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=118002&disp=The+records+of+the+Honorable+Society+of+%20%20&columns=*,0,0 845175 and 845176].) | *''The Records of the Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn; vol. 1 from 1420 to 1799, vol. II admissions from 1800 to 1893 and chapel registers''. London: Lincoln’s Inn, 1896-1902. (FHL film numbers [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=118002&disp=The+records+of+the+Honorable+Society+of+%20%20&columns=*,0,0 845175 and 845176].) | ||
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*Foster, J. ''The Register of Admissions to Gray’s Inn 1521-1889 together with the marriages in Gray’s Inn Chapel 1695-1754''. London: Hansard Publishing Union, 1889. (FHL book number [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=285696&disp=The+register+of+admissions+to+Gray%27s+I%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942.1/G1 K29f]; also on film [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=285696&disp=The+register+of+admissions+to+Gray%27s+I++ 844906, item 1]; another film copy [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=285696&disp=The+register+of+admissions+to+Gray%27s+I++ 1696584, item 3].) | *Foster, J. ''The Register of Admissions to Gray’s Inn 1521-1889 together with the marriages in Gray’s Inn Chapel 1695-1754''. London: Hansard Publishing Union, 1889. (FHL book number [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=285696&disp=The+register+of+admissions+to+Gray%27s+I%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942.1/G1 K29f]; also on film [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=285696&disp=The+register+of+admissions+to+Gray%27s+I++ 844906, item 1]; another film copy [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=285696&disp=The+register+of+admissions+to+Gray%27s+I++ 1696584, item 3].) | ||
Source: [http://www.graysinn.info/ Gray’s Inn ] | Source: [http://www.graysinn.info/ Gray’s Inn] | ||
===== '''The Inner Temple, London''' ===== | ===== '''The Inner Temple, London''' ===== | ||
“The history of the Temple begins soon after the middle of the twelfth century, when a contingent of knights of the Military Order of the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem moved from the Old Temple in Holborn (later Southampton House) to a larger site between Fleet Street and the banks of the River Thames. The new site originally included much of what is now Lincoln's Inn, and the knights were probably responsible for establishing New Street (later Chancery Lane), which led from Holborn down to their new quarters.” <br> | “The history of the Temple begins soon after the middle of the twelfth century, when a contingent of knights of the Military Order of the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem moved from the Old Temple in Holborn (later Southampton House) to a larger site between Fleet Street and the banks of the River Thames. The new site originally included much of what is now Lincoln's Inn, and the knights were probably responsible for establishing New Street (later Chancery Lane), which led from Holborn down to their new quarters.” <br> | ||
*''Students admitted to the Inner Temple 1547-1660.'' London: Inner Temple, 1877. The registers for the later years are only available at the Inner Temple. The FHL does not havehas a copy of this book.<br> | *''Students admitted to the Inner Temple 1547-1660.'' London: Inner Temple, 1877. The registers for the later years are only available at the Inner Temple. The FHL does not havehas a copy of this book.<br> | ||