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}}{{Click|Image:AA_ORP.png|African American Online Genealogy Records}} | }}{{Click|Image:AA_ORP.png|African American Online Genealogy Records}} | ||
== Introduction == | |||
In [[United States Census|Census records]], from 1790-1840, only names of the head of household were provided, along with the number of slaves and "free persons of color." In 1850 and 1860, the Federal government took a supplemental slave census, giving the slave owner's name, and the number of slaves by gender, age, and a designation of black or mulatto. The names of all free blacks were included in the 1850 and 1860 census. Beginning in 1870, the census listed the names of all African Americans. | In [[United States Census|Census records]], from 1790-1840, only names of the head of household were provided, along with the number of slaves and "free persons of color." In 1850 and 1860, the Federal government took a supplemental slave census, giving the slave owner's name, and the number of slaves by gender, age, and a designation of black or mulatto. The names of all free blacks were included in the 1850 and 1860 census. Beginning in 1870, the census listed the names of all African Americans. | ||
Local Census and County Records State census records, school census records, town census records, deeds, bills of sale, marriage records, county will books and probate records sometimes lists names of slaves, and other genealogy information. | Local Census and County Records State census records, school census records, town census records, deeds, bills of sale, marriage records, county will books and probate records sometimes lists names of slaves, and other genealogy information. | ||
African-American genealogical research can be challenging, especially after you hit the brick wall of the 1870 census. There are, however, more and more ways to get over that wall and more resources to learn the techniques for doing so. Included here are some of the best the Internet has to offer, as well as some searchable census sites of particular interest for African-Americans: | African-American genealogical research can be challenging, especially after you hit the brick wall of the 1870 census. There are, however, more and more ways to get over that wall and more resources to learn the techniques for doing so. Included here are some of the best the Internet has to offer, as well as some searchable census sites of particular interest for African-Americans: | ||
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AfriGeneas, an outstanding resource and recommended starting point for "African Ancestored Genealogy," includes a beginner's guide, slave data, surnames, links, state and worldwide resources, newsletter, library, and a mailing list: | AfriGeneas, an outstanding resource and recommended starting point for "African Ancestored Genealogy," includes a beginner's guide, slave data, surnames, links, state and worldwide resources, newsletter, library, and a mailing list: | ||
*[http://www.afrigeneas.com/ www.afrigeneas.com | *[http://www.afrigeneas.com/ www.afrigeneas.com] | ||
AfriGeneas's census schedules online: | AfriGeneas's census schedules online: | ||
*[http://www.afrigeneas.com/aacensus | *[http://www.afrigeneas.com/aacensus/ www.afrigeneas.com/aacensus] | ||
Christine's African American Genealogy Website, an excellent resource for roots-seekers, includes links to a variety of genealogical sources and African American homepages: | Christine's African American Genealogy Website, an excellent resource for roots-seekers, includes links to a variety of genealogical sources and African American homepages: | ||
*[http://ccharity.com | *[http://ccharity.com/ ccharity.com] | ||
Christine's Genealogy Website's census links for African-Americans: | Christine's Genealogy Website's census links for African-Americans: | ||
*[http://ccharity.com/contents/censusresearch.htm | *[http://ccharity.com/contents/censusresearch.htm ccharity.com/contents/censusresearch.htm] | ||
Linda Ball's Ebony Ethnics site: | Linda Ball's Ebony Ethnics site: | ||
*[http://www.stategensites.com/ebonyethnics | *[http://www.stategensites.com/ebonyethnics/ www.stategensites.com/ebonyethnics] | ||
African-American Genealogy Ring, dedicated to genealogists who are researching African-American family histories: | African-American Genealogy Ring, dedicated to genealogists who are researching African-American family histories: | ||
*[http://afamgenealogy.ourfamily.com | *[http://afamgenealogy.ourfamily.com/ afamgenealogy.ourfamily.com] | ||
About.com's list of links for African-American research: | About.com's list of links for African-American research: | ||
*[http://genealogy.about.com/hobbies/genealogy/msubafrica.htm | *[http://genealogy.about.com/hobbies/genealogy/msubafrica.htm genealogy.about.com/hobbies/genealogy/msubafrica.htm] | ||
Cyndi's List of African American genealogy resources: | Cyndi's List of African American genealogy resources: | ||
*[http://www.cyndislist.com/african.htm | *[http://www.cyndislist.com/african.htm www.CyndisList.com/african.htm] | ||
Researching Your African-American Roots by Christine Sievers: | Researching Your African-American Roots by Christine Sievers: | ||
*[http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/genealogy/14871 | *[http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/genealogy/14871 www.suite101.com/article.cfm/genealogy/14871] | ||
Family Tree Maker's articles(look under "African American Research" and the first topic under "Product Reviews"): | Family Tree Maker's articles(look under "African American Research" and the first topic under "Product Reviews"): | ||
*[http://www.familytreemaker.com/backissu.html | *[http://www.familytreemaker.com/backissu.html www.familytreemaker.com/backissu.html] | ||
Cliff Murray's African American Lifelines' site to help inspire you and help you get over those brick walls in your research: | Cliff Murray's African American Lifelines' site to help inspire you and help you get over those brick walls in your research: | ||
*[http://users.adelphia.net/~cliffmurr | *[http://users.adelphia.net/~cliffmurr/ users.adelphia.net/~cliffmurr/] | ||
*Wall, Mildred Eugenia. ''The Locationa and Distribution of the Free Negro Population in the Old South''. M.A. Thesis, Duke university, 1945. | *Wall, Mildred Eugenia. ''The Locationa and Distribution of the Free Negro Population in the Old South''. M.A. Thesis, Duke university, 1945. | ||
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Another useful website with links to the census by state: | Another useful website with links to the census by state: | ||
[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/african | [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/african/ www.accessgenealogy.com/african] | ||
Use census records to: | Use census records to: | ||
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*Learn an ancestor's town or county of residence (This leads to other records, such as vital records of a town or county.) | *Learn an ancestor's town or county of residence (This leads to other records, such as vital records of a town or county.) | ||
*Find a state of birth for an ancestor and their parents | *Find a state of birth for an ancestor and their parents | ||
== Census Records == | |||
=== Content === | === Content === | ||