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Most materials used in French research, including former French | Most materials used in French research, including former French colonies in Africa, Asia, the Carribean and North America, are written in French. However, you do not need to speak or read French to do research in French records. You merely need to know some key numbers, words, and phrases to understand the records. | ||
Infrequently you may find other languages in French records. These include | Infrequently you may find other languages in French records. These include Latin, German, Italian , and Breton. Latin is sometimes found in Roman Catholic parish registers, but it is unusual to find it in baptism, marriage, and burial records, except in Alsace-Lorraine. German is also frequently found in records from Alsace-Lorraine. Records from Corse, especially before 1768, may be in Italian. Some records from Savoie and Nice are in Italian, especially before 1792 and from 1815-1859. Breton is spoken in Bretagne but is only rarely found in records useful to family historians. | ||
French grammar and customs may affect the way names appear in genealogical records. For example, the names of your ancestor may vary from record to record in French. For help in understanding name variations, see the "[[France Names, Personal|Names, Personal]]" section. | French grammar and customs may affect the way names appear in genealogical records. For example, the names of your ancestor may vary from record to record in French. For help in understanding name variations, see the "[[France Names, Personal|Names, Personal]]" section. | ||
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The Family History Library has genealogical word lists for French, German, and Latin. The '''French Word list''' is found below at the end of this section and contains French words of value in genealogical research translated into English. | The Family History Library has genealogical word lists for French, German, and Latin. The '''French Word list''' is found below at the end of this section and contains French words of value in genealogical research translated into English. | ||
The Family History Library's separate [ | The Family History Library's separate [[Germany_Research_Topics|Germany Research Topics]] includes an example of the German (Gothic) alphabet in print and handwriting. | ||
The following books and English-French dictionaries can also help you in your research. You can find these and similar material at many research libraries. | The following books and English-French dictionaries can also help you in your research. You can find these and similar material at many research libraries. | ||
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''New Cassell's French dictionary: French-English, English-French''. New York, NY, USA: Funk & Wagnalls, 1970. (Family History Library book [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&callno=443.21+C272 443.21 C272]; not on microfilm.) | ''New Cassell's French dictionary: French-English, English-French''. New York, NY, USA: Funk & Wagnalls, 1970. (Family History Library book [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&callno=443.21+C272 443.21 C272]; not on microfilm.) | ||
Additional language aids (including dictionaries of various dialects and time periods) are listed in the Family History Library Catalog in the Place search under FRANCE - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES or in the Subject search under FRENCH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES. | Additional language aids (including dictionaries of various dialects and time periods) are listed in the Family History Library Catalog in the Place search under FRANCE - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES or in the Subject search under FRENCH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES. | ||
=== French Word List | === French Word List === | ||
This list contains French words with their English translations. The words included here are those you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a French-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.) | This list contains French words with their English translations. The words included here are those you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a French-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.) | ||
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A helpful guide for reading genealogical records written in French is: | A helpful guide for reading genealogical records written in French is: | ||
''French Records Extraction.'' Salt Lake City, Utah, USA: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, n.d. (Family History Library fiche [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=filmhitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&filmno=6068523 6068523].) In addition to being a glossary of names and genealogical words, this guide includes examples of French documents and instructions in reading the handwriting. | ''French Records Extraction.'' Salt Lake City, Utah, USA: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, n.d. (Family History Library fiche [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=filmhitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&filmno=6068523 6068523].) In addition to being a glossary of names and genealogical words, this guide includes examples of French documents and instructions in reading the handwriting. | ||
=== Key Words === | === Key Words === | ||
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| naissance, né, née | | naissance, né, née | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | burial | ||
| | | sépulture, enterrement, enterré, inhumé, enseveli, funèbre | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Catholic | | Catholic | ||
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| father | | father | ||
| | | | ||
père | père | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| year | | year | ||
| | | | ||
an, année, annuel | an, année, annuel | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== General Word List === | === General Word List === | ||
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<br>à at, to, in <br>a has <br>abjurations renunciations of Protestant faith <br>absolution absolution, last rites <br>accoucher give birth <br>accoucheuse midwife <br>à cet endroit in this place <br>acheter to buy <br>acte de baptême baptismal record <br>acte de décès death record <br>acte de naissance birth certificate, record <br>acte de sépulture burial record <br>adjoint du maire mayor’s assistant <br>adopté(e) adopted <br>adultère adulterer <br>affiché posted (on door) <br>afficher les bans post banns <br>âgé(e) aged <br>ai (ay) I have <br>aïeul grandfather <br>aïeule grandmother <br>aîné (l’aîné) the older, senior <br>ainsi que as well as <br>à jour current <br>Algerie Algeria <br>alité bedridden <br>Allemand(e) German <br>alliance marriage <br>Alsacien(ne) Alsatian <br>ami(e) friend <br>an (année) year <br>anabaptiste Mennonite <br>anglais(e) English <br>anniversaire anniversary <br>annuaire directory <br>annuel annual, yearly <br>août August <br>apparu appeared <br>appelé(e) named <br>apprenti apprentice <br>approuvé approved <br>après after <br>après-midi afternoon <br>arbre généalogique family tree, pedigree <br>archives archive <br>Archives du Royaume state archives (Belgium) <br>Archives Nationales state archives (France) <br>a reçu has received <br>armoiries coat of arms <br>arpent acre <br>arpenteur surveyor <br>arpète errand boy, apprentice <br>arrière great (as in great-grandparents) <br>arrondissement district (administrative division of a French département) <br>attaque seizure <br>au at the, in the <br>aubergiste innkeeper <br>aucun(e) no, none <br>au dessus over <br>aujourd’hui today <br>au même endroit at the same place <br>auparavant former <br>aussi also, as, since <br>autant as much <br>autorisation permission <br>autour around <br>autre other <br>avant former, before <br>avant-hier the day before yesterday <br>avec with <br>avocat attorney <br>avoir to have <br>avons (we) have <br>avril April <br>ayant having <br> | <br>à at, to, in <br>a has <br>abjurations renunciations of Protestant faith <br>absolution absolution, last rites <br>accoucher give birth <br>accoucheuse midwife <br>à cet endroit in this place <br>acheter to buy <br>acte de baptême baptismal record <br>acte de décès death record <br>acte de naissance birth certificate, record <br>acte de sépulture burial record <br>adjoint du maire mayor’s assistant <br>adopté(e) adopted <br>adultère adulterer <br>affiché posted (on door) <br>afficher les bans post banns <br>âgé(e) aged <br>ai (ay) I have <br>aïeul grandfather <br>aïeule grandmother <br>aîné (l’aîné) the older, senior <br>ainsi que as well as <br>à jour current <br>Algerie Algeria <br>alité bedridden <br>Allemand(e) German <br>alliance marriage <br>Alsacien(ne) Alsatian <br>ami(e) friend <br>an (année) year <br>anabaptiste Mennonite <br>anglais(e) English <br>anniversaire anniversary <br>annuaire directory <br>annuel annual, yearly <br>août August <br>apparu appeared <br>appelé(e) named <br>apprenti apprentice <br>approuvé approved <br>après after <br>après-midi afternoon <br>arbre généalogique family tree, pedigree <br>archives archive <br>Archives du Royaume state archives (Belgium) <br>Archives Nationales state archives (France) <br>a reçu has received <br>armoiries coat of arms <br>arpent acre <br>arpenteur surveyor <br>arpète errand boy, apprentice <br>arrière great (as in great-grandparents) <br>arrondissement district (administrative division of a French département) <br>attaque seizure <br>au at the, in the <br>aubergiste innkeeper <br>aucun(e) no, none <br>au dessus over <br>aujourd’hui today <br>au même endroit at the same place <br>auparavant former <br>aussi also, as, since <br>autant as much <br>autorisation permission <br>autour around <br>autre other <br>avant former, before <br>avant-hier the day before yesterday <br>avec with <br>avocat attorney <br>avoir to have <br>avons (we) have <br>avril April <br>ayant having <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
B | B | ||
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<br>kilomètre kilometer <br> | <br>kilomètre kilometer <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
L | L | ||
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<br>l’ the (m. and f.) <br>la the (f.) <br>là there <br>laboureur plowman, farmer (man with team and plow) <br>lac lake <br>laisser let, leave, allow <br>laquelle which (f.) <br>le the (m.) <br>lecture reading <br>légal(e) legal <br>légitime legitimate <br>lendemain following day <br>lequel which (m.) <br>les the (plural) <br>lesquels which (plural) <br>leur their, to them <br>lieu place <br>livre book <br>livret de famille family register <br>loi law <br>lui him, to him <br>lundi Monday <br>Luxembourgeois(e) Luxembourger <br> | <br>l’ the (m. and f.) <br>la the (f.) <br>là there <br>laboureur plowman, farmer (man with team and plow) <br>lac lake <br>laisser let, leave, allow <br>laquelle which (f.) <br>le the (m.) <br>lecture reading <br>légal(e) legal <br>légitime legitimate <br>lendemain following day <br>lequel which (m.) <br>les the (plural) <br>lesquels which (plural) <br>leur their, to them <br>lieu place <br>livre book <br>livret de famille family register <br>loi law <br>lui him, to him <br>lundi Monday <br>Luxembourgeois(e) Luxembourger <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
M | M | ||
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<br>M. sir, Mr. <br>maçon mason, bricklayer <br>Madame Mrs. <br>Mademoiselle unmarried woman, Miss <br>magister village schoolmaster <br>mai May <br>maire mayor <br>mairie town hall <br>mais but <br>maison house <br>[maison communale] [town hall] <br>maître master <br>maître d’école schoolteacher <br>majeur of legal age, (older) <br>majorité legal age, majority <br>maladie disease, sickness <br>maraîcher market gardener <br>marchand merchant <br>marchant trader, merchant <br>marché market <br>mardi Tuesday <br>maréchal ferrant blacksmith <br>mari husband <br>mariage marriage, wedding <br>marié groom, husband, married (m.) <br>mariée bride, wife, married (f.) <br>marier (se marier) to get married <br>mariés the married ones <br>marin sailor <br>Marocain(e) Moroccan <br>marraine godmother <br>mars March <br>masculin male, masculine <br>matin early (a.m.), morning <br>mégisseur tanner <br>membre member <br>même the same, even <br>mendiant beggar <br>menuisier joiner, carpenter <br>mercredi Wednesday <br>mère mother <br>mériter to be worthy <br>messe Catholic mass <br>messidor See “Months” <br>métayer dairy keeper, cowherd, sharecropper <br>métier trade, occupation, profession <br>métis, métisse mixed blood <br>meunier miller <br>midi noon <br>mil thousand <br>militaire military <br>mille thousand <br>millième thousandth <br>mineur under legal age, younger, minor <br>minorité under legal age, minority <br>minuit midnight <br>mis(e) en terre buried <br>Mlle Mademoiselle, Miss <br>Mme Madame, Mrs. <br>moi me <br>mois month <br>Monsieur sir, Mr. <br>montagne hill, mountain <br>mort(e) dead, death <br>mort né stillborn <br>moulin mill <br>mourant dying <br>mourir to die <br>moyen(ne) middle, median, central mulâtre mulatto <br>muni des sacrements de l’Eglise furnished with the (last) rites of the church <br> | <br>M. sir, Mr. <br>maçon mason, bricklayer <br>Madame Mrs. <br>Mademoiselle unmarried woman, Miss <br>magister village schoolmaster <br>mai May <br>maire mayor <br>mairie town hall <br>mais but <br>maison house <br>[maison communale] [town hall] <br>maître master <br>maître d’école schoolteacher <br>majeur of legal age, (older) <br>majorité legal age, majority <br>maladie disease, sickness <br>maraîcher market gardener <br>marchand merchant <br>marchant trader, merchant <br>marché market <br>mardi Tuesday <br>maréchal ferrant blacksmith <br>mari husband <br>mariage marriage, wedding <br>marié groom, husband, married (m.) <br>mariée bride, wife, married (f.) <br>marier (se marier) to get married <br>mariés the married ones <br>marin sailor <br>Marocain(e) Moroccan <br>marraine godmother <br>mars March <br>masculin male, masculine <br>matin early (a.m.), morning <br>mégisseur tanner <br>membre member <br>même the same, even <br>mendiant beggar <br>menuisier joiner, carpenter <br>mercredi Wednesday <br>mère mother <br>mériter to be worthy <br>messe Catholic mass <br>messidor See “Months” <br>métayer dairy keeper, cowherd, sharecropper <br>métier trade, occupation, profession <br>métis, métisse mixed blood <br>meunier miller <br>midi noon <br>mil thousand <br>militaire military <br>mille thousand <br>millième thousandth <br>mineur under legal age, younger, minor <br>minorité under legal age, minority <br>minuit midnight <br>mis(e) en terre buried <br>Mlle Mademoiselle, Miss <br>Mme Madame, Mrs. <br>moi me <br>mois month <br>Monsieur sir, Mr. <br>montagne hill, mountain <br>mort(e) dead, death <br>mort né stillborn <br>moulin mill <br>mourant dying <br>mourir to die <br>moyen(ne) middle, median, central mulâtre mulatto <br>muni des sacrements de l’Eglise furnished with the (last) rites of the church <br> | ||
N | N | ||
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<br>naissance birth <br>naturel illegitimate (not always true) <br>né(e) born <br>née maiden name <br>négociant trader, businessman <br>neuf nine <br>neuvième ninth <br>neveu nephew <br>ni neither, nor <br>nièce niece <br>nivôse See “Months” <br>noble nobleman <br>noblesse nobility <br>noces wedding <br>noir(e) black <br>nom name, surname <br>nom de famille surname, last name <br>nommé(e) named, alias <br>non not <br>nonante ninety <br>nonantième ninetieth <br>nord north <br>Norman(de) Norman <br>notaire notary <br>notes remarks <br>nôtre (nostre) our <br>nous we, us <br>nouveau, nouvelle new <br>novembre November <br>noyé(e) drowned <br>nuit night <br>numéro number <br>nuptial(e) bridal, pertaining to a wedding | <br>naissance birth <br>naturel illegitimate (not always true) <br>né(e) born <br>née maiden name <br>négociant trader, businessman <br>neuf nine <br>neuvième ninth <br>neveu nephew <br>ni neither, nor <br>nièce niece <br>nivôse See “Months” <br>noble nobleman <br>noblesse nobility <br>noces wedding <br>noir(e) black <br>nom name, surname <br>nom de famille surname, last name <br>nommé(e) named, alias <br>non not <br>nonante ninety <br>nonantième ninetieth <br>nord north <br>Norman(de) Norman <br>notaire notary <br>notes remarks <br>nôtre (nostre) our <br>nous we, us <br>nouveau, nouvelle new <br>novembre November <br>noyé(e) drowned <br>nuit night <br>numéro number <br>nuptial(e) bridal, pertaining to a wedding | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
O | O | ||
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<br>obsèques funeral, burial <br>octante eighty <br>octantième eightieth <br>octobre October <br>oncle uncle <br>ondoyé(e) baptized provisionally <br>ont (they) have <br>onze eleven <br>onzième eleventh <br>orphelin(e) orphan <br>ou or <br>où where <br>ouest west | <br>obsèques funeral, burial <br>octante eighty <br>octantième eightieth <br>octobre October <br>oncle uncle <br>ondoyé(e) baptized provisionally <br>ont (they) have <br>onze eleven <br>onzième eleventh <br>orphelin(e) orphan <br>ou or <br>où where <br>ouest west | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
P | P | ||
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<br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | <br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ||
<br>page page <br>Palatinat Palatinate, Pfalz <br>par by <br>pareil(le) same, alike, similar <br>parent parent, relative <br>paroisse parish (office) <br>parrain godfather <br>part portion, part <br>[d’une part] [on the one hand] <br>[et d’autre part] [and on the other hand] <br>pas not <br>pas encore not yet <br>passé past <br>pasteur pastor <br>pâtissier pastry maker <br>pâtre herdsman <br>pauvre indigent, poor <br>pays land, country <br>paysan(ne) small farmer, peasant <br>pêcheur fisher <br>peintre painter <br>penultième day before the last <br>percer des dents teething <br>père father <br>petit small, little <br>petite-fille granddaughter <br>petite noblesse gentry <br>petit-fils grandson <br>petit propriétaire yeoman <br>peuple citizens <br>peut-être maybe, perhaps <br>pharmacien pharmacist <br>pièces documents <br>pied terrier land record <br>place place <br>plus, en besides, in addition to <br>plus âgé(e) older, elder, oldest, eldest <br>plus vieux older, elder, oldest, eldest <br>pluviôse See “Months” <br>policier policeman <br>pont bridge <br>population population <br>porte door <br>Portugais(e) Portuguese <br>poser place, put <br>pour for <br>pourquoi why <br>prairial See “Months” <br>précédent(e) previous, preceding <br>préfet prefect (the head of a département in France) <br>premier, première first <br>prénom given (first) name <br>près de next to <br>présenté presented <br>prêtre clergyman, priest <br>preuve proof <br>principalité principality <br>prochain(e) following, next, nearest <br>proche parent close relative <br>professeur professor, teacher <br>propos de, à about, concerning <br>propriétaire owner, proprietor <br>protestant Protestant <br>provincial(e) provincial <br>Prussien(ne) Prussian <br>publié published, announced <br>publier publish <br> | <br>page page <br>Palatinat Palatinate, Pfalz <br>par by <br>pareil(le) same, alike, similar <br>parent parent, relative <br>paroisse parish (office) <br>parrain godfather <br>part portion, part <br>[d’une part] [on the one hand] <br>[et d’autre part] [and on the other hand] <br>pas not <br>pas encore not yet <br>passé past <br>pasteur pastor <br>pâtissier pastry maker <br>pâtre herdsman <br>pauvre indigent, poor <br>pays land, country <br>paysan(ne) small farmer, peasant <br>pêcheur fisher <br>peintre painter <br>penultième day before the last <br>percer des dents teething <br>père father <br>petit small, little <br>petite-fille granddaughter <br>petite noblesse gentry <br>petit-fils grandson <br>petit propriétaire yeoman <br>peuple citizens <br>peut-être maybe, perhaps <br>pharmacien pharmacist <br>pièces documents <br>pied terrier land record <br>place place <br>plus, en besides, in addition to <br>plus âgé(e) older, elder, oldest, eldest <br>plus vieux older, elder, oldest, eldest <br>pluviôse See “Months” <br>policier policeman <br>pont bridge <br>population population <br>porte door <br>Portugais(e) Portuguese <br>poser place, put <br>pour for <br>pourquoi why <br>prairial See “Months” <br>précédent(e) previous, preceding <br>préfet prefect (the head of a département in France) <br>premier, première first <br>prénom given (first) name <br>près de next to <br>présenté presented <br>prêtre clergyman, priest <br>preuve proof <br>principalité principality <br>prochain(e) following, next, nearest <br>proche parent close relative <br>professeur professor, teacher <br>propos de, à about, concerning <br>propriétaire owner, proprietor <br>protestant Protestant <br>provincial(e) provincial <br>Prussien(ne) Prussian <br>publié published, announced <br>publier publish <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
Q | Q | ||
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<br>quand when <br>quarante forty <br>quarantième fortieth <br>quartier district or neighborhood in a city <br>quatorze fourteen <br>quatorzième fourteenth <br>quatre four <br>quatre-vingt-dix ninety <br>quatre-vingt-dixième ninetieth <br>quatre-vingt eighty <br>quatre-vingtième eightieth <br>quatrième fourth <br>que (qu’) what, which, that <br>qui who, whom <br>quinze fifteen <br>quinzième fifteenth <br>quoi what | <br>quand when <br>quarante forty <br>quarantième fortieth <br>quartier district or neighborhood in a city <br>quatorze fourteen <br>quatorzième fourteenth <br>quatre four <br>quatre-vingt-dix ninety <br>quatre-vingt-dixième ninetieth <br>quatre-vingt eighty <br>quatre-vingtième eightieth <br>quatrième fourth <br>que (qu’) what, which, that <br>qui who, whom <br>quinze fifteen <br>quinzième fifteenth <br>quoi what | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
R | R | ||
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<br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | <br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ||
<br>recensement census <br>recherche research <br>reconnu recognized, acknowledged <br>reçu(e) received <br>réformé(e) Reformed/Calvinist <br>régisseur farm manager, steward <br>registre register <br>registres d’état civil registers of births, civil marriages, and deaths <br>registres paroissiaux parish registers <br>reine queen <br>religion religion <br>religion prétendue réformé (R.P.R.) Reformed Church, Huguenot <br>rentier(e) retired person living from rents, landlord <br>répertoire register, index <br>répertoire toponymique gazetteer <br>République Française French Republic <br>retraité formerly employed, retired <br>revue periodical <br>rien nothing <br>rivière stream, river <br>roi (roy) king <br>rouge red <br>rougeole measles <br>royaume kingdom <br>rue street <br>Russe Russian <br> | <br>recensement census <br>recherche research <br>reconnu recognized, acknowledged <br>reçu(e) received <br>réformé(e) Reformed/Calvinist <br>régisseur farm manager, steward <br>registre register <br>registres d’état civil registers of births, civil marriages, and deaths <br>registres paroissiaux parish registers <br>reine queen <br>religion religion <br>religion prétendue réformé (R.P.R.) Reformed Church, Huguenot <br>rentier(e) retired person living from rents, landlord <br>répertoire register, index <br>répertoire toponymique gazetteer <br>République Française French Republic <br>retraité formerly employed, retired <br>revue periodical <br>rien nothing <br>rivière stream, river <br>roi (roy) king <br>rouge red <br>rougeole measles <br>royaume kingdom <br>rue street <br>Russe Russian <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
S | S | ||
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<br>sa his, her, its <br>sabotier wooden-shoe maker <br>sacristain sacristan, sexton <br>sage-femme midwife <br>saignement bleeding <br>sain sane, healthy <br>saints sacrements last rites<br>d’absolution <br>samedi Saturday <br>sans without <br>sans vie without life, lifeless <br>savoir to know, namely <br>savonnier soap merchant, soapmaker <br>saxon Saxon <br>scarlatine scarlet fever <br>sceau seal <br>scieur sawyer <br>Seigneur the Lord <br>seize sixteen <br>seizième sixteenth <br>selon according to <br>semaine week <br>sénilité old age <br>sept seven <br>septante seventy <br>septantième seventieth <br>septembre September <br>septième seventh <br>sépulture burial <br>seront (they) will be <br>serrurier locksmith <br>servante maid, servant girl <br>ses his, her, its <br>seul(e) single, alone <br>seulement only <br>sexe sex <br>siècle century <br>signature signature <br>signé signed <br>six six <br>sixième sixth <br>société society <br>soeur sister <br>soeur consanguine sister by the same father but different mother <br>soeur germaine sister by the same mother and father <br>soeur utérine sister by the same mother but different father <br>soir (soirée) evening <br>soixante sixty <br>soixante-dix seventy <br>soixante-dixième seventieth <br>soixantième sixtieth <br>soldat soldier <br>son his, her, its <br>sont are <br>sous under, low <br>soussigné the undersigned <br>souvent often <br>statut légal status, condition <br>statut personnel status, condition <br>sud south <br>Suisse Swiss <br>suivant(e) next, following, according to <br>supérieur(e) upper <br>sur on, above, upon, at <br>surlendemain two days later <br>survivant surviving <br>sus-dit aforementioned <br>susnommé aforementioned <br> | <br>sa his, her, its <br>sabotier wooden-shoe maker <br>sacristain sacristan, sexton <br>sage-femme midwife <br>saignement bleeding <br>sain sane, healthy <br>saints sacrements last rites<br>d’absolution <br>samedi Saturday <br>sans without <br>sans vie without life, lifeless <br>savoir to know, namely <br>savonnier soap merchant, soapmaker <br>saxon Saxon <br>scarlatine scarlet fever <br>sceau seal <br>scieur sawyer <br>Seigneur the Lord <br>seize sixteen <br>seizième sixteenth <br>selon according to <br>semaine week <br>sénilité old age <br>sept seven <br>septante seventy <br>septantième seventieth <br>septembre September <br>septième seventh <br>sépulture burial <br>seront (they) will be <br>serrurier locksmith <br>servante maid, servant girl <br>ses his, her, its <br>seul(e) single, alone <br>seulement only <br>sexe sex <br>siècle century <br>signature signature <br>signé signed <br>six six <br>sixième sixth <br>société society <br>soeur sister <br>soeur consanguine sister by the same father but different mother <br>soeur germaine sister by the same mother and father <br>soeur utérine sister by the same mother but different father <br>soir (soirée) evening <br>soixante sixty <br>soixante-dix seventy <br>soixante-dixième seventieth <br>soixantième sixtieth <br>soldat soldier <br>son his, her, its <br>sont are <br>sous under, low <br>soussigné the undersigned <br>souvent often <br>statut légal status, condition <br>statut personnel status, condition <br>sud south <br>Suisse Swiss <br>suivant(e) next, following, according to <br>supérieur(e) upper <br>sur on, above, upon, at <br>surlendemain two days later <br>survivant surviving <br>sus-dit aforementioned <br>susnommé aforementioned <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
T | T | ||
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<br>table index <br>tables décennales ten-year indexes <br>tailleur cloth maker, draper <br>tailleur de pierre stonecutter <br>tailleur d’habits tailor <br>tanneur tanner <br>tant as, so much <br>tante aunt <br>tantôt afternoon <br>tavernier tavern owner <br>teinturier dyer <br>témoin witness <br>temps time <br>tenir un enfant sur les fonts to act as godfather or godmother to a child <br>terre earth, land <br>terres estate <br>testament last will <br>thermidor See “Months” <br>tisserand weaver <br>tisserand de lin linen weaver <br>tisseur weaver <br>tome volume <br>tonnelier cooper <br>tôt early (a.m.) <br>toujours always <br>tournier turner, woodworker <br>tous all <br>tous les deux both <br>toux cough <br>travailleur worker, laborer <br>travers, à through, across <br>treize thirteen <br>treizième thirteenth <br>trente thirty <br>trente-et-un thirty-one <br>trente-et-unième thirty-first <br>trentième thirtieth <br>tribunal court <br>trois three <br>troisième third <br>tuilier tile maker <br>tumeurv tumor <br>tuteur guardian <br> | <br>table index <br>tables décennales ten-year indexes <br>tailleur cloth maker, draper <br>tailleur de pierre stonecutter <br>tailleur d’habits tailor <br>tanneur tanner <br>tant as, so much <br>tante aunt <br>tantôt afternoon <br>tavernier tavern owner <br>teinturier dyer <br>témoin witness <br>temps time <br>tenir un enfant sur les fonts to act as godfather or godmother to a child <br>terre earth, land <br>terres estate <br>testament last will <br>thermidor See “Months” <br>tisserand weaver <br>tisserand de lin linen weaver <br>tisseur weaver <br>tome volume <br>tonnelier cooper <br>tôt early (a.m.) <br>toujours always <br>tournier turner, woodworker <br>tous all <br>tous les deux both <br>toux cough <br>travailleur worker, laborer <br>travers, à through, across <br>treize thirteen <br>treizième thirteenth <br>trente thirty <br>trente-et-un thirty-one <br>trente-et-unième thirty-first <br>trentième thirtieth <br>tribunal court <br>trois three <br>troisième third <br>tuilier tile maker <br>tumeurv tumor <br>tuteur guardian <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
U | U | ||
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<br>valet servant <br>vallée valley <br>varie various <br>variole smallpox <br>veille previous evening or day <br>vendémiaire See “Months” <br>vendeur seller, salesman <br>vendeuse seller, saleslady <br>vendredi Friday <br>ventôse See “Months” <br>vérole venereal disease, syphilis <br>vérole, petite smallpox <br>verrier glassmaker <br>vers toward <br>vert green <br>veuf widowed, widower <br>veuve widowed, widow <br>vie life <br>vieillesse old age <br>vierge virgin, unmarried woman <br>vieux (vielle) old <br>vieux garçon bachelor <br>vigneron grape grower <br>village hamlet, village <br>ville village or town, city <br>vingt twenty <br>vingt-cinq twenty-five <br>vingt-cinquième twenty-fifth <br>vingt-deux twenty-two <br>vingt-deuxième twenty-second <br>vingt-et-un twenty-one <br>vingt-et-unième twenty-first <br>vingt-huit twenty-eight <br>vingt-huitième twenty-eighth <br>vingtième twentieth <br>vingt-neuf twenty-nine <br>vingt-neuvième twenty-ninth <br>vingt-quatre twenty-four <br>vingt-quatrième twenty-fourth <br>vingt-sept twenty-seven <br>vingt-septième twenty-seventh <br>vingt-six twenty-six <br>vingt-sixième twenty-sixth <br>vingt-trois twenty-three <br>vingt-troisième twenty-third <br>vivant living, lifetime <br>vivant, de son during his (her) life <br>vivre to live <br>voir see <br>voisin(e) neighbor <br>vouloir to wish, to want | <br>valet servant <br>vallée valley <br>varie various <br>variole smallpox <br>veille previous evening or day <br>vendémiaire See “Months” <br>vendeur seller, salesman <br>vendeuse seller, saleslady <br>vendredi Friday <br>ventôse See “Months” <br>vérole venereal disease, syphilis <br>vérole, petite smallpox <br>verrier glassmaker <br>vers toward <br>vert green <br>veuf widowed, widower <br>veuve widowed, widow <br>vie life <br>vieillesse old age <br>vierge virgin, unmarried woman <br>vieux (vielle) old <br>vieux garçon bachelor <br>vigneron grape grower <br>village hamlet, village <br>ville village or town, city <br>vingt twenty <br>vingt-cinq twenty-five <br>vingt-cinquième twenty-fifth <br>vingt-deux twenty-two <br>vingt-deuxième twenty-second <br>vingt-et-un twenty-one <br>vingt-et-unième twenty-first <br>vingt-huit twenty-eight <br>vingt-huitième twenty-eighth <br>vingtième twentieth <br>vingt-neuf twenty-nine <br>vingt-neuvième twenty-ninth <br>vingt-quatre twenty-four <br>vingt-quatrième twenty-fourth <br>vingt-sept twenty-seven <br>vingt-septième twenty-seventh <br>vingt-six twenty-six <br>vingt-sixième twenty-sixth <br>vingt-trois twenty-three <br>vingt-troisième twenty-third <br>vivant living, lifetime <br>vivant, de son during his (her) life <br>vivre to live <br>voir see <br>voisin(e) neighbor <br>vouloir to wish, to want | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
NUMBERS | NUMBERS | ||
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<br>English French <br>January janvier <br>February février <br>March mars <br>April avril <br>May mai <br>June juin <br>July juillet <br>August août <br>September septembre, 7bre <br>October octobre, 8bre <br>November novembre, 9bre <br>December décembre, 10bre, Xbre | <br>English French <br>January janvier <br>February février <br>March mars <br>April avril <br>May mai <br>June juin <br>July juillet <br>August août <br>September septembre, 7bre <br>October octobre, 8bre <br>November novembre, 9bre <br>December décembre, 10bre, Xbre | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
DATES AND TIME | DATES AND TIME | ||
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French English <br>à cinq heures at 5 o’clock <br>au matin in the morning <br>au soir in the evening <br>après-demain the day after tomorrow <br>après-midi afternoon <br>avant-veille two days before <br>avant-hier day before yesterday <br>demain tomorrow <br>du matin in the morning, a.m. <br>du soir in the evening, p.m. <br>heure hour <br>hier yesterday <br>hier soir yesterday evening <br>hier au soir yesterday evening <br>jour day <br>lendemain next day <br>matin morning <br>midi noon <br>minuit midnight <br>nuit night <br>soir evening <br>surlendemain two days later <br>veille previous evening | French English <br>à cinq heures at 5 o’clock <br>au matin in the morning <br>au soir in the evening <br>après-demain the day after tomorrow <br>après-midi afternoon <br>avant-veille two days before <br>avant-hier day before yesterday <br>demain tomorrow <br>du matin in the morning, a.m. <br>du soir in the evening, p.m. <br>heure hour <br>hier yesterday <br>hier soir yesterday evening <br>hier au soir yesterday evening <br>jour day <br>lendemain next day <br>matin morning <br>midi noon <br>minuit midnight <br>nuit night <br>soir evening <br>surlendemain two days later <br>veille previous evening | ||
<br>Paper publication: Second edition 1997. English approval: 4/97. | <br>Paper publication: Second edition 1997. English approval: 4/97. <br> | ||
[[Category:France| | [[Category:France|Language and Languages]] [[Category:Word_List|French]] [[Category:Language_and_Languages|France]] | ||