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*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/144248?availability=Family%20History%20Library Clifford Merrill Drury. ''Marcus and Narcissa Whitman and the opening of old Oregon Marcus and Narcissa Whitman and the opening of old Oregon.'' 2 volumes. Glendale, California : Arthur H. Clark, 1973. FHL 979.5 H2dc]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/144248?availability=Family%20History%20Library Clifford Merrill Drury. ''Marcus and Narcissa Whitman and the opening of old Oregon Marcus and Narcissa Whitman and the opening of old Oregon.'' 2 volumes. Glendale, California : Arthur H. Clark, 1973. FHL 979.5 H2dc]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/169850?availability=Family%20History%20Library Clifford Merrill Drury.''First white women over the Rockies : diaries, letters and biographical sketches of the six women of the Oregon Mission who made the overland journey in 1836 and 1838.'' 2 volumes.Glendale, California : A.H. Clark Co., 1963. FHL 978 H2nh]       
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/169850?availability=Family%20History%20Library Clifford Merrill Drury.''First white women over the Rockies : diaries, letters and biographical sketches of the six women of the Oregon Mission who made the overland journey in 1836 and 1838.'' 2 volumes.Glendale, California : A.H. Clark Co., 1963. FHL 978 H2nh]       
== Records and Lists of Settlers  ==
Pioneers who used the Oregon Trail were mostly Americans from the Midwest or Mid-South. Most settled in [[Oregon, United States Genealogy|Oregon]], especially in the Willamette Valley, but about 20 percent moved on to [[Washington, United States Genealogy|Washington]] (state) before 1870. Others went to [[California, United States Genealogy|California]].
No complete list of pioneer settlers who traveled the Oregon Trail is known to exist. However, a variety of sources exist which can be used to identify many of them. Some of these sources may reveal their place of origin.<br>
=== Pioneer Databases ===
Less than one percent of Oregon Trail pioneers are so far listed in:
*[http://www.over-land.com/emigrants.html Over-land Trail] - Website listing multiple trail lists for various states
*[https://www.octa-trails.org/preserve/family-history-research Family History Research. A Guide to Overland Pioneer Documents. Oregon-California Trails Association]
*[http://www.paper-trail.org/ Paper Trail. A  Guide to Overland Pioneer Names & Documents. Oregon California Trails Association]
*[http://www.oregonpioneers.com/ortrail.htm ''The Oregon Territory and Its Pioneers'' (accessed 15 July 2011).] Includes year-by-year lists of pioneers pre-1839 to 1855.
*"Oregon Pioneers - Search List" in ''Oregon Genealogical Society'' [http://oregongs.org/cpage.php?pt=11 Pioneer & Early Settler Certificates (accessed 05 May 2016).]
=== Books Online ===
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/646632 Rose Caudle Terry. ''Oregon Trail Sources, Queries & Reviews.'' 6 volumes. Marysville,Washington: Family Publications, 1993 - FHL 973 D25ot]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1130142?availability=Family%20History%20Library Linn Genealogical Society. ''Oregon trail family research requests of those pioneers and their descendants seeking information : contents include requests from those searching plus full index of names.'' 6 volumes. Albany, Oregon: Linn Genealogical Society, 1993? FHL 979.535 D2L v. 1-6]   
* "Some Emigrants to Oregon, Trail, June 1844." National Genealogical Society Quarterly 67 (June 1979): 141-142.
* "Deaths along the Oregon Trail, 1852." National Genealogical Society Quarterly  (December, 1988): 302-303
* " Register Cliff" Oregon Genealogical Society Quarterly 24 (Summer, 1986):19-20; (Fall, 1986): 4-5. FHL 979.5 D25o
*[http://www.oregonpioneers.com/trail.htm Oregon-California Trail Sources] 
=== Books ===
*.'''Oregon Land Records. '''<br>''Provisional-government records.''<br>Oregon's provisional government was established in the spring of 1843. Inhabitants were permitted to stake out claims and survey them by the metes and bounds method. Over 4,000 claims were made. When Congress established the Territory of Oregon in 1848, that system ended. The provisional claims have been abstracted and published by the Genealogical Forum of Oregon.
=== Federal land records ===
'''The federal Donation Act of 1850''' encouraged settlement of Oregon Territory by granting 320 acres to white male citizens, or those who intended to become citizens, who settled on the land prior to 1 December 1850. Wives were eligible for an additional 320 acres. White male citizens who arrived between 1 December 1850 and 1 December 1853 could apply for 160 acres, with wives receiving an equivalent amount. The act further provided for similar grants to those of mixed Indian-white parentage who were already in the territory; and it required settlers who had staked claims previously to refile them. Amendments in 1853 and 1854 cut the residency-cultivation requirement in half and extended the filing date to April 1855
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1852047?availability=Fresno%20California%20Family%20History%20Center David C. Duniway. Genealogical Material in Oregon Donation Land Claims: abstracted from applications. 5 volumes. Portland,Oregon: Genealogical Forum of Portland, 1957-1975. FHL 975.R2gfpo]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/217794?availability=Family%20History%20Library Oregon State Archives, comp. Index to Oregon Donation Land Claims. Portland, Oregon: Genealogical Forum, 1953-1957.]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/259481?availability=Family%20History%20Library Abstracts of Oregon Donation Land Claims, 1852-1903, 7 rolls, National Archives Microfilm Publication, M145] 
=== County level land records ===
After federal land was transferred to a settler, subsequent deeds were recorded in county courthouses.
*[https://gfo.org/resources/indexes/pioneer/provisional-land-claims.html Provisional Land Claim Index] in Genealogical Forum of Oregon <br>
*[https://gfo.org/resources/indexes/pioneer/donation-land-claims.html Oregon Donation Land Claim Index] in Genealogical Forum of Oregon. Lists surname, given name, volume, office, and claim number.
=== Censuses ===
Censuses can be used to identify pioneers who traveled the Oregon Trail:
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1438024 1870 federal census of Oregon]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1473181 1860 federal census of Oregon]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1401638 1850 federal census of Oregon]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/91051?availability=Family%20History%20Library Provisional and Territorial Census Records of Oregon, 1842-1859] Digital Images
:Oregon took territorial and state censuses in years between federal censuses. These censuses often have different questions than federal censuses and additional family information. Pioneer censuses included:
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="center" width="65%"
|-
| bgcolor="#99cc99" align="center" colspan="90" | '''State and Territorial Censuses of Oregon Prior to 1871'''
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1870'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | State census Umatilla county<ref name="lain">Ann S. Lainhart, ''State Census Records'' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1992), 97-98. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26517040 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|568961|item|disp=FHL Book 973 X2Lai}}.</ref> <ref name="Lenz">Connie Miller Lenzen, ''Research in Oregon'' '' Research in Oregon]'' (Arlington, Virginia: National Genealogical Association, 2007), 16-17. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175301069 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|321987|item|disp=FHL Book 979.5 D27L 1992}}.</ref>
|-
| align="left" | '''1865'''
| align="left" | State census Benton, Columbia, Marion and Umatilla counties <ref name="lain" /><ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1859'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Territorial census Clatsop, Umpqua (now Douglas)&nbsp;counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1858'''
| align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Clatsop, Coos, Curry, Umpqua (now Douglas) counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" /><ref name="jack 2">Ronald Vern Jackson, Scott D. Rosenkilde, W. David Samuelsen,'' Oregon Census Records 1851-1859'' (North Salt Lake, Utah: Accelerated Systems, 1984) [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13235027 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|46338|item|disp=FHL Book 979.5 X22o 1851-1859}}.</ref>
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1857'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Clackamas, Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, Tillamook, Umpqua (now Douglas), Washington counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1856'''
| align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Clackamas, Columbia, Curry, Polk, and Washington counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1855'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Territorial census Coos and Jackson counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1854'''
| align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Clatsop, and Jackson counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1853'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Marion, Polk, Umpqua (now Douglas), Washington and counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1849'''
| align="left" | Apportionment Census of Males over 21 --Benton, Champoeg, Clackamas, Clatsop, Lewis (Washington State), Linn, Polk, Tualatin, Vancouver (Washington State), and Yamhill counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1845-46'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Tualaty county (now Washington County)<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1845'''
| align="left" | Champoeg (now Marion), Clackamas, Clatsop, and Yamhill<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1842'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | [http://bluebook.state.or.us/notable/notwhite.htm Elijah White Census] (persons living south of the Columbia River)<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|}
=== Pioneer Associations ===
*'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_Pioneer_Association  Oregon Pioneer Association]'''
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/233161?availability=Family%20History%20Library Transactions of the Oregon Pioneer Associations Annual Reunions.]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/144289?availability=Family%20History%20Library James WIllis Nesmith. ''Two Addresses [1875 & 1880].'' Fairfield, Washington: Ye Galleon Press, 1978. FHL 979.5 H2n.
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/829802?availability=Family%20History%20Library Pioneer Registers,1818-1859.]
*''' [http://oregonsdop.org/ Sons and Daughters of Oregon Pioneers]'''
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/988258?availability=Family%20History%20Library Jeannie Sharp Phillips. Reflections of Oregon Pioneer Families. Portland,Oregon:Sons and Daughters of Oregon Pioneers, 1994. FHL 979.5 D3p]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/735297 SDOP News: Newsletter of the Sons and Daughters of Oregon Pioneers. FHL 979.5 D25s] 
=== Local and county histories and biographies ===
Local and county histories and biographies in Oregon also may help identify additional pioneers. For example:
*Vera Martin Lynch, ''Free land for free men: a story of Clackamas County'' ((Portland, Oreg.: Printed by Artline Print), 1973). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/806270 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|150790|item|disp=FHL Book 979.541 H2L}}.
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/33665?availability=Family%20History%20Library Charles Dawson. ''Pioneer tales of the Oregon Trail and of Jefferson County.'' Topeka,Kansas: Crane 7 Co., 1912. FHL Digital images] 
*Elma Rust, ''Pioneers of Lake Creek Valley, and a few later ones'' (Photocopy of original published: Blachly, Ore.&nbsp;: E. Rust, 1984). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11082613 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|684383|item|disp=FHL Film 2055468 Item 8; Book 979.531 H2r}}.
'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezra_Meeker Ezra Meeker]'''
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2850623 Meeker, Ezra. "The Busy Life of Eighty-Five Years of Ezra Meeker.''Seattle, Washington : E. Meeker, c1916 (Indianapolis : Press of Wm. B. Buford). FHL Digital images]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1050793 Meeker, Ezra.'' The ox team, or, the Old Oregon Trail, 1852-1906 : an account of the author's trip across the plains, from the Missouri River to Puget Sound, at the age of twenty-two, with an ox and cow team in 1852, and of his return with an ox team in the year 1906, at the age of seventy-six, with copious excerpts from his journal and other reliable sources of information; a narrative of events and descriptive of present and past conditions.''  New York : Ezra Meeker, 1907. FHL Digital images]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1049379?availability=Family%20History%20Library Meeker, Ezra. '' Story of he Lost Trail to Oregon.''Seattle, Wash. : [s.n.], 1915. FHL fiche 6119388]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1050780?availability=Family%20History%20Library Meeker, Ezra. ''Ventures and adventures of Ezra Meeker, or, sixty years of frontier life : fifty-six years of pioneer life in the old Oregon country; an account of the author's trip across the plains with an ox team in 1852, and his return trip in 1906; his cruise on Puget Sound in 1853, and his trip through the Natchess Pass in 1854; over the Chilcoot Pass and the flat-boating on the Yukon in 1898; the Oregon trail.''Seattle : Rainier Printing Co., 1909. FHL 6119442]
Some Oregon Trail pioneers also settled in [[Washington, United States Genealogy|Washington]], [[California, United States Genealogy|California]], [[Idaho, United States Genealogy|Idaho]], or [[Nevada, United States Genealogy|Nevada]]. Local histories and biographies from those places may also include some pioneers who traveled the Oregon Trail.
=== [http://www.ohs.org/research-and-library/ Oregon Historical Society] ===
*[http://www.ohs.org/research-and-library/research-help/biographical-research.cfm Biographical Research - Pioneer Card File, Oregon Pioneer Association Transactions (published 1872-1828 and indexed 1876-1925)]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/628183?availability=Family%20History%20Library Kris White. Overland Passages: a guide to Overland documents in the Oregon Historical Society. Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society, 1993. FHL 979.5 W2o]


== Background History  ==
== Background History  ==
Line 138: Line 264:


Livestock needed watering so the Oregon Trail followed rivers across the dry [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Plains prairies]. The Oregon Trail usually followed the south side of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Platte_River North Platte River] west through [[Nebraska, United States Genealogy|Nebraska]] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Fetterman Fort Fetterman] (near Douglas, Wyoming). At Fort Fetterman the [[Bozeman Trail]] branched off northwest toward [[Montana, United States Genealogy|Montana]].<ref name="BozTr">Wikipedia contributors, "Bozeman Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bozeman_Trail (accessed 15 July 2012).</ref> Oregon Trail emigrants followed the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweetwater_River_%28Wyoming%29 Sweetwater River] farther west. An important goal was to reach [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Rock_%28Wyoming%29 Independence Rock] on the Sweetwater River by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_%28United_States%29 Independence Day]. The trail went over [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pass South Pass] then worked its way through the mountains. One [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublette_Cutoff#Sublette-Greenwood_Cutoff shortcut] went from South Pass due west toward [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Hall Fort Hall]. The main trail from South Pass headed southwest to cross the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_River_%28Utah%29 Green River] at [http://wyoshpo.state.wy.us/trailsdemo/lombard_ferry.htm Lombard Ferry], headed for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Bridger Fort Bridger]. At Fort Bridger the [[Mormon Trail]] branched southwest toward [[Salt Lake City, Utah|Salt Lake City]].<ref name="MorTr">Wikipedia contributors, "Mormon Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormon_Trail (accessed 15 July 2012).</ref> The main Oregon Trail went northwest from Bridger to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Hall Fort Hall, Idaho]. From the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raft_River Raft River] southwest of Fort Hall most [[California Trail]] emigrants forked southwest toward [[Nevada Genealogy|Nevada]]<ref name="CalTr">Wikipedia contributors, "California Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Trail (accessed 15 July 2012).</ref>, while Oregon Trail followers continued along the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_River Snake River] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Boise Fort Boise] and the [[Oregon, United States Genealogy|Oregon]] border. Once in Oregon emigrants made their way through the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Mountains_%28Oregon%29 Blue Mountains] either to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Nez_Perc%C3%A9s Fort Nez Percé] ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walla_Walla,_Washington Walla Walla, Washington]) on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_River Columbia River], or to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dalles,_Oregon The Dalles] on the same river. At first a risky raft trip down the Columbia River was the normal route. But the opening of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barlow_Road Barlow Road] in 1846 allowed wagons to get around [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Hood Mount Hood] to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willamette_Valley Willamette Valley] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_City,_Oregon Oregon City]. Some pioneers continued on to destinations like [[Portland, Oregon|Portland, Oregon]] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington Tacoma, Washington].<ref name="OrTr" />  
Livestock needed watering so the Oregon Trail followed rivers across the dry [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Plains prairies]. The Oregon Trail usually followed the south side of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Platte_River North Platte River] west through [[Nebraska, United States Genealogy|Nebraska]] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Fetterman Fort Fetterman] (near Douglas, Wyoming). At Fort Fetterman the [[Bozeman Trail]] branched off northwest toward [[Montana, United States Genealogy|Montana]].<ref name="BozTr">Wikipedia contributors, "Bozeman Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bozeman_Trail (accessed 15 July 2012).</ref> Oregon Trail emigrants followed the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweetwater_River_%28Wyoming%29 Sweetwater River] farther west. An important goal was to reach [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Rock_%28Wyoming%29 Independence Rock] on the Sweetwater River by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_%28United_States%29 Independence Day]. The trail went over [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pass South Pass] then worked its way through the mountains. One [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublette_Cutoff#Sublette-Greenwood_Cutoff shortcut] went from South Pass due west toward [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Hall Fort Hall]. The main trail from South Pass headed southwest to cross the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_River_%28Utah%29 Green River] at [http://wyoshpo.state.wy.us/trailsdemo/lombard_ferry.htm Lombard Ferry], headed for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Bridger Fort Bridger]. At Fort Bridger the [[Mormon Trail]] branched southwest toward [[Salt Lake City, Utah|Salt Lake City]].<ref name="MorTr">Wikipedia contributors, "Mormon Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormon_Trail (accessed 15 July 2012).</ref> The main Oregon Trail went northwest from Bridger to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Hall Fort Hall, Idaho]. From the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raft_River Raft River] southwest of Fort Hall most [[California Trail]] emigrants forked southwest toward [[Nevada Genealogy|Nevada]]<ref name="CalTr">Wikipedia contributors, "California Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Trail (accessed 15 July 2012).</ref>, while Oregon Trail followers continued along the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_River Snake River] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Boise Fort Boise] and the [[Oregon, United States Genealogy|Oregon]] border. Once in Oregon emigrants made their way through the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Mountains_%28Oregon%29 Blue Mountains] either to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Nez_Perc%C3%A9s Fort Nez Percé] ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walla_Walla,_Washington Walla Walla, Washington]) on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_River Columbia River], or to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dalles,_Oregon The Dalles] on the same river. At first a risky raft trip down the Columbia River was the normal route. But the opening of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barlow_Road Barlow Road] in 1846 allowed wagons to get around [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Hood Mount Hood] to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willamette_Valley Willamette Valley] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_City,_Oregon Oregon City]. Some pioneers continued on to destinations like [[Portland, Oregon|Portland, Oregon]] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington Tacoma, Washington].<ref name="OrTr" />  


''' Maps and Pictorical Histories '''
''' Maps and Pictorical Histories '''
Line 204: Line 325:
:*[http://www.nps.gov/oreg/planyourvisit/auto_id.htm Auto Tour Route - '''Idaho''']  
:*[http://www.nps.gov/oreg/planyourvisit/auto_id.htm Auto Tour Route - '''Idaho''']  
:*[http://www.nps.gov/oreg/planyourvisit/auto_or.htm Auto Tour Route - '''Oregon''']
:*[http://www.nps.gov/oreg/planyourvisit/auto_or.htm Auto Tour Route - '''Oregon''']
== Settlers and Records  ==
Pioneers who used the Oregon Trail were mostly Americans from the Midwest or Mid-South. Most settled in [[Oregon, United States Genealogy|Oregon]], especially in the Willamette Valley, but about 20 percent moved on to [[Washington, United States Genealogy|Washington]] (state) before 1870. Others went to [[California, United States Genealogy|California]].
No complete list of pioneer settlers who traveled the Oregon Trail is known to exist. However, a variety of sources exist which can be used to identify many of them. Some of these sources may reveal their place of origin.<br>
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/646632 Rose Caudle Terry. ''Oregon Trail Sources, Queries & Reviews.'' 6 volumes. Marysville,Washington: Family Publications, 1993 - FHL 973 D25ot]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1130142?availability=Family%20History%20Library Linn Genealogical Society. ''Oregon trail family research requests of those pioneers and their descendants seeking information : contents include requests from those searching plus full index of names.'' 6 volumes. Albany, Oregon: Linn Genealogical Society, 1993? FHL 979.535 D2L v. 1-6]   
* "Some Emigrants to Oregon, Trail, June 1844." National Genealogical Society Quarterly 67 (June 1979): 141-142.
* "Deaths along the Oregon Trail, 1852." National Genealogical Society Quarterly  (December, 1988): 302-303
* " Register Cliff" Oregon Genealogical Society Quarterly 24 (Summer, 1986):19-20; (Fall, 1986): 4-5. FHL 979.5 D25o
*[http://www.oregonpioneers.com/trail.htm Oregon-California Trail Sources] 
'''Pioneer Databases.''' Less than one percent of Oregon Trail pioneers are so far listed in:
*[http://www.over-land.com/emigrants.html Over-land Trail] - Website listing multiple trail lists for various states
*[https://www.octa-trails.org/preserve/family-history-research Family History Research. A Guide to Overland Pioneer Documents. Oregon-California Trails Association]
*[http://www.paper-trail.org/ Paper Trail. A  Guide to Overland Pioneer Names & Documents. Oregon California Trails Association]
*[http://www.oregonpioneers.com/ortrail.htm ''The Oregon Territory and Its Pioneers'' (accessed 15 July 2011).] Includes year-by-year lists of pioneers pre-1839 to 1855.
*"Oregon Pioneers - Search List" in ''Oregon Genealogical Society'' [http://oregongs.org/cpage.php?pt=11 Pioneer & Early Settler Certificates (accessed 05 May 2016).]
*.'''Oregon Land Records. '''<br>''Provisional-government records.''<br>Oregon's provisional government was established in the spring of 1843. Inhabitants were permitted to stake out claims and survey them by the metes and bounds method. Over 4,000 claims were made. When Congress established the Territory of Oregon in 1848, that system ended. The provisional claims have been abstracted and published by the Genealogical Forum of Oregon.
''Federal land records.''<br>'''The federal Donation Act of 1850''' encouraged settlement of Oregon Territory by granting 320 acres to white male citizens, or those who intended to become citizens, who settled on the land prior to 1 December 1850. Wives were eligible for an additional 320 acres. White male citizens who arrived between 1 December 1850 and 1 December 1853 could apply for 160 acres, with wives receiving an equivalent amount. The act further provided for similar grants to those of mixed Indian-white parentage who were already in the territory; and it required settlers who had staked claims previously to refile them. Amendments in 1853 and 1854 cut the residency-cultivation requirement in half and extended the filing date to April 1855
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1852047?availability=Fresno%20California%20Family%20History%20Center David C. Duniway. Genealogical Material in Oregon Donation Land Claims: abstracted from applications. 5 volumes. Portland,Oregon: Genealogical Forum of Portland, 1957-1975. FHL 975.R2gfpo]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/217794?availability=Family%20History%20Library Oregon State Archives, comp. Index to Oregon Donation Land Claims. Portland, Oregon: Genealogical Forum, 1953-1957.]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/259481?availability=Family%20History%20Library Abstracts of Oregon Donation Land Claims, 1852-1903, 7 rolls, National Archives Microfilm Publication, M145] 
''County level land records.''After federal land was transferred to a settler, subsequent deeds were recorded in county courthouses.
*[https://gfo.org/resources/indexes/pioneer/provisional-land-claims.html Provisional Land Claim Index] in Genealogical Forum of Oregon <br>
*[https://gfo.org/resources/indexes/pioneer/donation-land-claims.html Oregon Donation Land Claim Index] in Genealogical Forum of Oregon. Lists surname, given name, volume, office, and claim number.
'''Censuses''' also can be used to identify pioneers who traveled the Oregon Trail:
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1438024 1870 federal census of Oregon]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1473181 1860 federal census of Oregon]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1401638 1850 federal census of Oregon]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/91051?availability=Family%20History%20Library Provisional and Territorial Census Records of Oregon, 1842-1859] Digital Images
:Oregon took territorial and state censuses in years between federal censuses. These censuses often have different questions than federal censuses and additional family information. Pioneer censuses included:
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="center" width="65%"
|-
| bgcolor="#99cc99" align="center" colspan="90" | '''State and Territorial Censuses of Oregon Prior to 1871'''
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1870'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | State census Umatilla county<ref name="lain">Ann S. Lainhart, ''State Census Records'' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1992), 97-98. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26517040 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|568961|item|disp=FHL Book 973 X2Lai}}.</ref> <ref name="Lenz">Connie Miller Lenzen, ''Research in Oregon'' '' Research in Oregon]'' (Arlington, Virginia: National Genealogical Association, 2007), 16-17. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175301069 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|321987|item|disp=FHL Book 979.5 D27L 1992}}.</ref>
|-
| align="left" | '''1865'''
| align="left" | State census Benton, Columbia, Marion and Umatilla counties <ref name="lain" /><ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1859'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Territorial census Clatsop, Umpqua (now Douglas)&nbsp;counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1858'''
| align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Clatsop, Coos, Curry, Umpqua (now Douglas) counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" /><ref name="jack 2">Ronald Vern Jackson, Scott D. Rosenkilde, W. David Samuelsen,'' Oregon Census Records 1851-1859'' (North Salt Lake, Utah: Accelerated Systems, 1984) [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13235027 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|46338|item|disp=FHL Book 979.5 X22o 1851-1859}}.</ref>
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1857'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Clackamas, Coos, Curry, Douglas, Jackson, Tillamook, Umpqua (now Douglas), Washington counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1856'''
| align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Clackamas, Columbia, Curry, Polk, and Washington counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1855'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Territorial census Coos and Jackson counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1854'''
| align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Clatsop, and Jackson counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1853'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Territorial census Benton, Marion, Polk, Umpqua (now Douglas), Washington and counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1849'''
| align="left" | Apportionment Census of Males over 21 --Benton, Champoeg, Clackamas, Clatsop, Lewis (Washington State), Linn, Polk, Tualatin, Vancouver (Washington State), and Yamhill counties<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1845-46'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | Tualaty county (now Washington County)<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| align="left" | '''1845'''
| align="left" | Champoeg (now Marion), Clackamas, Clatsop, and Yamhill<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|-
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | '''1842'''
| bgcolor="#ffffcc" align="left" | [http://bluebook.state.or.us/notable/notwhite.htm Elijah White Census] (persons living south of the Columbia River)<ref name="lain" /> <ref name="Lenz" />
|}
''' Pioneer Associations'''
*'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_Pioneer_Association  Oregon Pioneer Association]'''
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/233161?availability=Family%20History%20Library Transactions of the Oregon Pioneer Associations Annual Reunions.]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/144289?availability=Family%20History%20Library James WIllis Nesmith. ''Two Addresses [1875 & 1880].'' Fairfield, Washington: Ye Galleon Press, 1978. FHL 979.5 H2n.
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/829802?availability=Family%20History%20Library Pioneer Registers,1818-1859.]
*''' [http://oregonsdop.org/ Sons and Daughters of Oregon Pioneers]'''
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/988258?availability=Family%20History%20Library Jeannie Sharp Phillips. Reflections of Oregon Pioneer Families. Portland,Oregon:Sons and Daughters of Oregon Pioneers, 1994. FHL 979.5 D3p]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/735297 SDOP News: Newsletter of the Sons and Daughters of Oregon Pioneers. FHL 979.5 D25s] 
'''Local and county histories and biographies''' in Oregon also may help identify additional pioneers. For example:
*Vera Martin Lynch, ''Free land for free men: a story of Clackamas County'' ((Portland, Oreg.: Printed by Artline Print), 1973). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/806270 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|150790|item|disp=FHL Book 979.541 H2L}}.
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/33665?availability=Family%20History%20Library Charles Dawson. ''Pioneer tales of the Oregon Trail and of Jefferson County.'' Topeka,Kansas: Crane 7 Co., 1912. FHL Digital images] 
*Elma Rust, ''Pioneers of Lake Creek Valley, and a few later ones'' (Photocopy of original published: Blachly, Ore.&nbsp;: E. Rust, 1984). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11082613 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|684383|item|disp=FHL Film 2055468 Item 8; Book 979.531 H2r}}.
'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezra_Meeker Ezra Meeker]'''
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2850623 Meeker, Ezra. "The Busy Life of Eighty-Five Years of Ezra Meeker.''Seattle, Washington : E. Meeker, c1916 (Indianapolis : Press of Wm. B. Buford). FHL Digital images]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1050793 Meeker, Ezra.'' The ox team, or, the Old Oregon Trail, 1852-1906 : an account of the author's trip across the plains, from the Missouri River to Puget Sound, at the age of twenty-two, with an ox and cow team in 1852, and of his return with an ox team in the year 1906, at the age of seventy-six, with copious excerpts from his journal and other reliable sources of information; a narrative of events and descriptive of present and past conditions.''  New York : Ezra Meeker, 1907. FHL Digital images]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1049379?availability=Family%20History%20Library Meeker, Ezra. '' Story of he Lost Trail to Oregon.''Seattle, Wash. : [s.n.], 1915. FHL fiche 6119388]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1050780?availability=Family%20History%20Library Meeker, Ezra. ''Ventures and adventures of Ezra Meeker, or, sixty years of frontier life : fifty-six years of pioneer life in the old Oregon country; an account of the author's trip across the plains with an ox team in 1852, and his return trip in 1906; his cruise on Puget Sound in 1853, and his trip through the Natchess Pass in 1854; over the Chilcoot Pass and the flat-boating on the Yukon in 1898; the Oregon trail.''Seattle : Rainier Printing Co., 1909. FHL 6119442]
Some Oregon Trail pioneers also settled in [[Washington, United States Genealogy|Washington]], [[California, United States Genealogy|California]], [[Idaho, United States Genealogy|Idaho]], or [[Nevada, United States Genealogy|Nevada]]. Local histories and biographies from those places may also include some pioneers who traveled the Oregon Trail.
''' [http://www.ohs.org/research-and-library/ Oregon Historical Society] '''
*[http://www.ohs.org/research-and-library/research-help/biographical-research.cfm Biographical Research - Pioneer Card File, Oregon Pioneer Association Transactions (published 1872-1828 and indexed 1876-1925)]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/628183?availability=Family%20History%20Library Kris White. Overland Passages: a guide to Overland documents in the Oregon Historical Society. Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society, 1993. FHL 979.5 W2o]


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