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Tracing English Immigrants From Abroad: Difference between revisions

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===Step 1: Search Home Records===
===Step 1: Search Home Records===


Search home records by thoroughly seeking for and searching in “home” sources and compiled family histories. This is a fundamental, preliminary exercise that will usually pay huge dividends in providing precise birth data in the beginning of your search. It may not always be correct, but it is a foundation and will help in narrowing down to the specific place of your ancestor’s nativity or residence in a large city or town in England.  
Search home records by thoroughly seeking for and searching in “home” sources and compiled family histories. This is a fundamental, preliminary exercise that will usually pay huge dividends in providing birth information in the beginning of your search. It may not always be correct, but it is a foundation and will help in narrowing down to the specific place of your ancestor’s nativity or residence in a large city or town in England.  


Here’s a quick list of home record sources:
Here’s a quick list of home record sources:
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*Interview or correspond with the more elderly members of extended family members and distant relatives - they can clarify information on specific locales for common ancestry and provide assistance in collaborative research efforts
*Interview or correspond with the more elderly members of extended family members and distant relatives - they can clarify information on specific locales for common ancestry and provide assistance in collaborative research efforts


Once you have gleaned as much information as possible from home sources, but still lack a specific birthplace or residence then proceed to Step 2. If you succeeded in obtaining the specific town or parish in which your immigrant ancestor was born or resided before emigrating, then proceed to search in records of the specific England locale mentioned in Step 4.  
Once you have gleaned as much information as possible from home sources, but still lack a specific birthplace or residence then proceed to Step 2. If you succeeded in obtaining the specific town or parish in which your immigrant ancestor was born or resided before emigrating, then proceed to Step 4 and start searching in records of the specific England locale.  


===Step 2: Search Compiled Sources – Family Histories at Archives & Libraries===
===Step 2: Search Compiled Sources===


====Family Histories at Archives & Libraries====
To find your emigrant ancestor in original records, you must thoroughly seek for and study the research compilations of other researchers. The research scientist first seeks out every possible compiled source pertaining to the specific question or family so as not to duplicate or re-do research previously performed. To do otherwise means losing time and often missing key information. The research of others may give you a head start on your own research.
To find your emigrant ancestor in original records, you must thoroughly seek for and study the research compilations of other researchers. The research scientist first seeks out every possible compiled source pertaining to the specific question or family so as not to duplicate or re-do research previously performed. To do otherwise means losing time and often missing key information. The research of others may give you a head start on your own research.


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*Local (city, town, county) archives
*Local (city, town, county) archives
*City [public] libraries with genealogical sections
*Academic libraries: major university & college libraries have archival sections
*State archives
*State archives
*National archives
*State historical societies
*State historical societies
*County historical societies
*County historical societies
*Research libraries
*Research libraries
**Examples: Newberry Library (Chicago, IL), Allen Co. IN Public Library, Family History Library, Salt Lake City, Society of Genealogists, London, Genealogical Research Library, Bampton, Ontario, Society Genealogists in both Australia & New Zealand
**Examples: [https://www.newberry.org/ Newberry Library] (Chicago, IL), [http://www.acpl.lib.in.us/ Allen County Public Library] (Fort Wayne, IN), [https://www.familysearch.org/locations/saltlakecity-library/ Family History Library] (Salt Lake City, UT), [http://www.sog.org.uk/ Society of Genealogists] (London, England), [http://www.grlresearch.com/ Genealogical Research Library] (Niagara Falls, Ontario), [https://www.sag.org.au/ Society of Australian Genealogists] (Sydney, Australia),  [https://www.genealogy.org.nz/ New Zealand Society of Genealogists] (Auckland, New Zealand)
 
*National Archives, i.e. Library of Congress (Washington DC), The National Archives (London)
*Library of Congress, Washington DC,
*National Libraries, i.e. British Library (London), National Library of New Zealand
 
*Societies: archaeological, local history societies or local studies reading rooms
*National Libraries, i.e. New Zealand, Australia & Canada
 
*British Library, London
 
*City [public] libraries with genealogical sections: ie. Houston, or Dallas TX public libraries, Birmingham, Manchester Central Libraries
 
*Academic libraries: major university & college libraries have archival sections
 
*Societies: Archaeological, local history societies or local studies reading rooms
 
*Googling the Internet for websites: by 1) family surname, 2) place-name—both city and/or county names and 3) “genealogy” (or “family history” in quotation marks)<br>
*Googling the Internet for websites: by 1) family surname, 2) place-name—both city and/or county names and 3) “genealogy” (or “family history” in quotation marks)<br>


<br>Learning what critical databases and/or indexes are available allows you to more quickly find helpful details of your ancestor. Then you can gain access, via in-house staff or a record agent/searcher; or, through the services of a local volunteer to provide you with the critical search or lookup services. Contact the local archives or repository/library via e-mail for their fees, or for a list of searchers to get the lookup service you want. Here are some helpful websites for finding local volunteers to do a free “lookup” service:  
Learning what critical databases and/or indexes are available allows you to more quickly find helpful details about your ancestor. You can then access these records through visiting the repository or library, sending a request to the staff or a record agent/searcher, or ask a volunteer to search in the collections for you. Visit the repository's website or look online for lookup services to find more information about these options. Here are some helpful websites for finding local volunteers to do a free “lookup” service:  


====North America====
'''North America'''


*[https://www.raogk.org/ www.raogk.org] - Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness
*[https://www.raogk.org/ www.raogk.org] - Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness
*[http://www.usgenweb.com www.usgenweb.com] - U.S. GenWeb network
*[http://www.usgenweb.com www.usgenweb.com] - U.S. GenWeb network


====United Kingdom====
'''United Kingdom'''


*[http://www.britishIslesgenweb.org www.britishIslesgenweb.org]
*[http://www.iukgenweb.org/ www.iukgenweb.org] - The Ireland & UKGenWeb Project
*[http://www.iukgenweb.org/ www.iukgenweb.org]  
*[http://aztecrose.tripod.com/LookupExchange.htm aztecrose.tripod.com] - free lookups in UK  
*[http://aztecrose.tripod.com/LookupExchange.htm aztecrose.tripod.com] - free lookups in UK  
*[http://www.genuki.org.uk/indexes/MailingLists.html www.genuki.org] - subscribe then request help
*[http://www.genuki.org.uk/indexes/MailingLists.html www.genuki.org] - subscribe then request help


====Other Countries====
'''Other Countries'''


*Most countries (the counties, or province/states within countries) have volunteers or for-hire agents; ‘google’ to find them  
*Most countries (the counties, or province/states within countries) have volunteers or for-hire agents; ‘google’ to find them  
*[http://www.worldgenweb.org/ www.worldgenweb.org]  
*[http://www.worldgenweb.org/ www.worldgenweb.org] <br><br>


Here’s a short list of websites (‘archives’) which have thus far posted family histories, pedigrees or genealogies (at little or no cost) online:  
Here’s a short list of websites which have thus far posted family histories, pedigrees or genealogies (at little or no cost) online:  


*[http://books.google.com/ books.google.com] - Google books offers some family history titles  
*[http://books.google.com/ books.google.com] - Google books offers some family history titles  
*[http://www.archive.org/index.php www.archive.org] - Internet Archives  
*[https://archive.org/ www.archive.org] - Internet Archives  
*[http://www.lib.byu.edu/fhc/index.php www.lib.byu.edu] - Family History Archives online
*[https://books.familysearch.org books.familysearch.org] - FamilySearch Books
*[http://www.one-name.org/ www.one-name.org] - Guild of One Name Studies  
*[http://www.one-name.org/ www.one-name.org] - Guild of One Name Studies  
*[http://www.ipl.org/div/subject/browse/hum60.60.00/ www.ipl.org] - Internet Public Library  
*[http://www.ipl.org/div/subject/browse/hum60.60.00/ www.ipl.org] - Internet Public Library  
 
*[https://www.familysearch.org/ www.familysearch.org] - Family History Library - search the Ancestral File and Pedigree Resource file
[[Family_History_Library|Family History Library]] search the Ancestral File, Pedigree Resource file and in the future, the forthcoming new.FamilySearch.org databases


====Social Networking Websites====
====Social Networking Websites====


Another research aid for assisting researchers to find family genealogical compilations is the social network websites with genealogical intent and content. These sites can have far-reaching capabilities for finding living relatives who are working on or who have already compiled data on in-common family lines and genealogies. They can be a wonderful and a welcome resource. Such websites are great tools for finding distant relatives with an interest in in-common ancestry and with whom you may work cooperatively to identify, share and/or prove in-common ancestral connections. It can further ignite enthusiasm and motivation in the discovery of many more generations of ancestors! Most of the following sites are United Kingdom-based, including:
Another research aid for assisting researchers to find family genealogical compilations is the social network websites with genealogical intent and content. These sites can have far-reaching capabilities for finding living relatives who are working on or who have already compiled data on in-common family lines and genealogies. They can be a wonderful and a welcome resource. Such websites are great tools for finding distant relatives with an interest in in-common ancestry and with whom you may work cooperatively to identify, share and/or prove in-common ancestral connections. It can further ignite enthusiasm and motivation in the discovery of many more generations of ancestors!  


*[http://www.geni.com/ www.geni.com] - over 40 million listings  
*[http://www.geni.com/ www.geni.com] - over 40 million listings  
*[http://www.ancestryaid.co.uk/ www.ancestryaid.co.uk] offers great resources; building large database
*[http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/ www.genesreunited.co.uk] - best online family history social-networking  
*[http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/ www.genesreunited.co.uk] - best online family history social-networking  
*[http://www.lostcousins.com www.lostcousins.com] – a great resource for finding dead & living relatives  
*[http://www.lostcousins.com www.lostcousins.com] – a great resource for finding dead & living relatives  
*[http://www.kindredkonnections.com/ www.kindredkonnections.com] - good offerings for numerous genealogies
*[https://www.ancestry.com/ www.ancestry.com] – huge family collections  
*[http://www.oneworldtree.com www.oneworldtree.com] – huge family collections  
*[http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/ wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com] - WorldConnect with millions of trees
*[http://www.onegreatfamily.com www.onegreatfamily.com] – one of the best online compiled offerings  
*[http://www.onegreatfamily.com www.onegreatfamily.com] – one of the best online compiled offerings  
*[http://www.myheritage.com/ www.myheritage.com] - fairly new, significant number of genealogies  
*[http://www.myheritage.com/ www.myheritage.com] - fairly new, significant number of genealogies  
*[http://www.famillion.com/ www.famillion.com] - a good database worth checking for compiled data
*[https://www.familysearch.org/ www.familysearch.org] - many trees
*[http://www.kindredtrails.com www.kindredtrails.com] – a very significant source of compiled lineages <br>
*[https://www.findmypast.com/ www.findmypast.com] - many trees
*[http://www.kindredtrails.com www.kindredtrails.com] – a very significant source of compiled lineages


====Published Sources====
====Published Sources====
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Also, the following published sources can help you identify relatives who have or are currently tracing in-common family lines in England’s large cities:  
Also, the following published sources can help you identify relatives who have or are currently tracing in-common family lines in England’s large cities:  


*The Genealogical Research Directory, published annually by Keith Johnson 929.1025 G286grd, vols. 1983-2006.
*County family history societies publish annual “Member Interests” lists in their respective genealogical or family history journal publications.<br>  
*County family history societies publish annual “Member Interests” lists in their respective genealogical or family history journal publications.<br>  


Before proceeding to Step 3, here is a consideration: When you are researching an uncommon surname (as the above case), or someone with a very unusual first given name, such as Sebastian, or Provis, or Pleasance, etc., it’s quite possible to skip steps 1 to 3 outlined in this study and proceed directly to Step 4 and obtain a copy of an actual baptismal record or birth certificate, etc., in the original records of England.  
Before proceeding to Step 3, here is a consideration: When you are researching an uncommon surname or someone with a very unusual first given name (i.e. Sebastian, Provis, Pleasance) it’s quite possible to skip steps 1 to 3 outlined in this study and proceed directly to Step 4 and to find and obtain birth/baptism information or a record.


Example of an Uncommon Surname - Example 1: Let’s say that Florence Beatrice Bradsell Dunn, came to the United States in the year 1946 but all that’s known is that she was born in “London" but it’s not known precisely where in London. Let’s also suppose you’ve just searched through your family records, and those of extended family members but your searches provide no solution to the precise place of birth. As you search your list of compiled sources, you discover in the www.FamilySearch.org website an entry from one of the databases called Ancestral File, possible clues suggesting her birth could have occurred at Hampstead in the year 1884. With an open mind and using this tidbit of birth data, you directly focus your research now in England’s civil registration indexes and certificates for a possible birth for Florence in the years roughly 1875 to 1895. With such an uncommon surname, you find only one likely birth registered—in the whole of England in the 4th Quarter of 1884 and order her birth certificate. The certificate is hers and it reveals and confirms that Hampstead was in fact her place of birth. The names of parents match that which was already known among living descendants and that which appeared in the compiled source. Thus, this single birthplace clue from compiled sources in the country of settlement (i.e. a source within www.familysearch.org), led your search directly to not only a “London” birth entry, but it helped you verify and confirm her precise birthplace in primary records, and narrowed your search from the whole of “London” with its 28-plus registration districts which comprise Greater London—and quickly helped you locate her precise birth place, birth date and parentage.  
'''Example of an Uncommon Surname'''<br>
Let’s say that Florence Beatrice Bradsell Dunn, came to the United States in the year 1946 but all that is known is that she was born in “London" but it’s not known precisely where in London. Let’s also suppose you’ve just searched through your family records, and those of extended family members but your searches provide no solution to the precise place of birth. As you search your list of compiled sources, you discover in the www.familysearch.org website an entry from one of the databases called Ancestral File, possible clues suggesting her birth could have occurred at Hampstead in the year 1884. With an open mind and using this tidbit of birth data, you directly focus your research now in England’s civil registration indexes and certificates for a possible birth for Florence in the years roughly 1875 to 1895. With such an uncommon surname, you find only one likely birth registered in the whole of England in the 4th Quarter of 1884 and order her birth certificate. The certificate is hers and it reveals and confirms that Hampstead was in fact her place of birth. The names of parents match that which was already known among living descendants and that which appeared in the compiled source. Thus, this single birthplace clue from compiled sources in the country of settlement (i.e. a source within www.familysearch.org), led your search directly to not only a “London” birth entry, but it helped you verify and confirm her precise birthplace in primary records, and narrowed your search from the whole of “London” with its 28-plus registration districts which comprise Greater London—and quickly helped you locate her precise birth place, birth date and parentage.  


This is very possible to do when you have the benefit of researching an ancestor with an unusual or uncommon surname; it can save you the time necessary to search in any or all sources in any country-- indexed records or not!  
This is very possible to do when you have the benefit of researching an ancestor with an unusual or uncommon surname; it can save you the time necessary to search in any or all sources in any country - indexed records or not!  


===Step 3: Search Indexes: Key to Finding Immigrants' Specific Place of Birth===
===Step 3: Search Indexes: Key to Finding Immigrants' Specific Place of Birth===
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