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'''Alternate Names:''' Shoshoni<br>'''Ancestral Homeland:''' west of Rocky Mountains and east of the Sierra Nevada. The Eastern Shoshone lived near Grand Teton and Wind River Mountains. The Northern Shoshone ranged through southern Idaho, eastern Oregon and northern Nevada. The Southern Shoshone lived in Nevada, Wyoming and Utah. Later a Western Shoshone group was recognized in 1982.
'''Alternate Names:''' Shoshoni<br>'''Ancestral Homeland:''' west of Rocky Mountains and east of the Sierra Nevada. The Eastern Shoshone lived near Grand Teton and Wind River Mountains. The Northern Shoshone ranged through southern Idaho, eastern Oregon and northern Nevada. The Southern Shoshone lived in Nevada, Wyoming and Utah. Later a Western Shoshone group was recognized in 1982.  


== History  ==
=== History  ===


The ancestral homeland of the Shoshone was in the Mountain&nbsp;West.&nbsp;&nbsp;At an early point in history the tribe sub divided into:The Eastern Shoshone, Northern Shoshone and the Southern Shoshone.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Eastern Shoshone lived near Grand Teton and Wind River Mountains. The Northern Shoshone ranged through southern Idaho, eastern Oregon and northern Nevada. The Southern Shoshone lived in Nevada, Wyoming and Utah.  
The ancestral homeland of the Shoshone was in the Mountain&nbsp;West.&nbsp;&nbsp;At an early point in history the tribe sub divided into:The Eastern Shoshone, Northern Shoshone and the Southern Shoshone.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Eastern Shoshone lived near Grand Teton and Wind River Mountains. The Northern Shoshone ranged through southern Idaho, eastern Oregon and northern Nevada. The Southern Shoshone lived in Nevada, Wyoming and Utah.  
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A military campaign of&nbsp;300 soldiers&nbsp;led by Colonel Patrick Conner in January of 1863, killed 224 Indians this became known as the Bear river Massacre.  
A military campaign of&nbsp;300 soldiers&nbsp;led by Colonel Patrick Conner in January of 1863, killed 224 Indians this became known as the Bear river Massacre.  


In 1863 four treaties were ratified, with the Eastern Shoshone, Shoshone-Northwestern Bands, Western Shoshoni and the the Shoshoni-Goship.
In 1863 four treaties were ratified, with the Eastern Shoshone, Shoshone-Northwestern Bands, Western Shoshoni and the the Shoshoni-Goship.  


The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad completed their lines and came together at Promontory Point, Utah in 1869.  
The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad completed their lines and came together at Promontory Point, Utah in 1869.  


1860-70 assigned to reservations<br>
1860-70 assigned to reservations<br>  


The population of the Shoshone in 1900 was estimated as 7,000. In 1990 it was estimated to be 9,215.<br>
The population of the Shoshone in 1900 was estimated as 7,000. In 1990 it was estimated to be 9,215.<br>  


==== Brief Timeline  ====
==== Brief Timeline  ====
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The term or designation of Shoshone Indians is a very broad categorization of several bands and/or federally recognized tribes within the group so named. For the most part, they have historically lived in the Great Basin area, and have ranged from Oregon and Idaho on the north to Arizona and southern California on the south, and from Wyoming on the east to northern California on the west. They were often referred to as the Snakes. Some of the tribes, bands, or groups of Shoshone, with their colonies or reservations, include:  
The term or designation of Shoshone Indians is a very broad categorization of several bands and/or federally recognized tribes within the group so named. For the most part, they have historically lived in the Great Basin area, and have ranged from Oregon and Idaho on the north to Arizona and southern California on the south, and from Wyoming on the east to northern California on the west. They were often referred to as the Snakes. Some of the tribes, bands, or groups of Shoshone, with their colonies or reservations, include:  


*Death Valley Shoshone -- see [[Timbisha Shoshone Indians|Timbisha Shoshone]]<br>
*Death Valley Shoshone -- see [[Timbisha Shoshone Indians|Timbisha Shoshone]]<br>  
*Duckwater Shoshone -- [[Duckwater Indian Reservation (Nevada)|Duckwater Reservation (Nevada)]]  
*Duckwater Shoshone -- [[Duckwater Indian Reservation (Nevada)|Duckwater Reservation (Nevada)]]  
*Ely Shoshone Tribe of Nevada -- [[Ely Indian Colony (Nevada)|Ely Colony (Nevada)]]<br>
*Ely Shoshone Tribe of Nevada -- [[Ely Indian Colony (Nevada)|Ely Colony (Nevada)]]<br>  
*Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes -- [[Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation|Fort McDermitt Reservation]] (Nevada and Oregon)  
*Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes -- [[Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation|Fort McDermitt Reservation]] (Nevada and Oregon)  
*Mountain Shoshone or [[Sheepeater Indians|Sheepeaters]] -- [[Fort Lemhi Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Lemhi]] and [[Fort Hall Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Hall]] Reservation(Idaho and Montana)  
*Mountain Shoshone or [[Sheepeater Indians|Sheepeaters]] -- [[Fort Lemhi Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Lemhi]] and [[Fort Hall Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Hall]] Reservation(Idaho and Montana)  
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*Paiute-Shoshone Indians -- [[Fallon Indian Colony and Reservation (Nevada)|Fallon Reservation and Colony (Nevada)]]  
*Paiute-Shoshone Indians -- [[Fallon Indian Colony and Reservation (Nevada)|Fallon Reservation and Colony (Nevada)]]  
*Paiute-Shoshone Indians -- [[Lone Pine Indian Reservation (California)|Lone Pine Reservation (California)]]  
*Paiute-Shoshone Indians -- [[Lone Pine Indian Reservation (California)|Lone Pine Reservation (California)]]  
*[[Ruby Valley Shoshone Indians|Ruby Valley Shoshone]]<br>
*[[Ruby Valley Shoshone Indians|Ruby Valley Shoshone]]<br>  
*Shoshone Tribe of the Wind River Reservation -- [[Wind River Indian Reservation (Wyoming)|Wind River Reservation (Wyoming)]]  
*Shoshone Tribe of the Wind River Reservation -- [[Wind River Indian Reservation (Wyoming)|Wind River Reservation (Wyoming)]]  
*Shoshone-Bannock Tribes -- [[Fort Hall Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Hall Reservation (Idaho)]]  
*Shoshone-Bannock Tribes -- [[Fort Hall Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Hall Reservation (Idaho)]]  
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*Frederick Webb Hodge, in his [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/shoshoni/shoshoniindianhist.htm Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico], gave a more complete history of the Shoshone tribe, with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods.
*Frederick Webb Hodge, in his [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/shoshoni/shoshoniindianhist.htm Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico], gave a more complete history of the Shoshone tribe, with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods.


== Tribal Headquarters  ==
=== Tribal Headquarters  ===


==== Duckwater Shoshone:  ====
==== Duckwater Shoshone:  ====
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Yomba Band of Shoshone<br>HC 61 Box 6275<br>Austin, Nevada 89310<br>Telephone: (702) 964-2463<br>Fax:(702) 964-2443  
Yomba Band of Shoshone<br>HC 61 Box 6275<br>Austin, Nevada 89310<br>Telephone: (702) 964-2463<br>Fax:(702) 964-2443  


== Records  ==
=== Records  ===


The 1900 federal census included population schedules for the Shoshone Indians of Northern Utah. These schedules were not classified in the Bureau of Census records as a separate district, but were simply included in District 207, Portage Precinct in Box Elder County, Utah. However, the Shoshone Indians in this precinct are recorded on [[Indian Population Schedules -- 1900 United States Census|Indian Population Schedules]]  
The 1900 federal census included population schedules for the Shoshone Indians of Northern Utah. These schedules were not classified in the Bureau of Census records as a separate district, but were simply included in District 207, Portage Precinct in Box Elder County, Utah. However, the Shoshone Indians in this precinct are recorded on [[Indian Population Schedules -- 1900 United States Census|Indian Population Schedules]]  
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*Western Shoshone Agency
*Western Shoshone Agency


'''Census Records'''&nbsp;  
==== Census Records&nbsp; ====


{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
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Post 1885-Census  
Post 1885-Census  


M595 RG 75 Rolls 693
M595 RG 75 Rolls 693  


! scope="col" |  
! scope="col" |  
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Film  
Film  


Number
Number  


|-
|-
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|}
|}


'''Treaties'''
==== Treaties ====


*1855 June 9, referred to in Wallawalla Treaty  
*1855 June 9, referred to in Wallawalla Treaty  
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*1868:&nbsp; at Fort Bridger Eastern Band Shoshoni and Bannock
*1868:&nbsp; at Fort Bridger Eastern Band Shoshoni and Bannock


'''Vital Records'''
==== Vital Records ====


*Wind River Agency, M595, births and deaths 1938-39, FHL Film: 583122 and births and deaths 1924-1932, FHL Film: 581878  
*Wind River Agency, M595, births and deaths 1938-39, FHL Film: 583122 and births and deaths 1924-1932, FHL Film: 581878  
*Fort Hall Agency, M595, birth and deaths, FHL Film: 576497 and births and deaths 1924-1934, FHL Film: 576498 and 576499
*Fort Hall Agency, M595, birth and deaths, FHL Film: 576497 and births and deaths 1924-1934, FHL Film: 576498 and 576499


== Important Web Sites  ==
=== Important Web Sites  ===


*[http://www.shoshoneindian.com/default.htm The Shoshone Indians] -- History and description of the Shoshone Indian, especially the Eastern Shoshone of the Wind River Reservation.  
*[http://www.shoshoneindian.com/default.htm The Shoshone Indians] -- History and description of the Shoshone Indian, especially the Eastern Shoshone of the Wind River Reservation.  
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*Shoshone Tribe [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoshone Wikipedia]
*Shoshone Tribe [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoshone Wikipedia]


== References  ==
=== References  ===


<references />
<references />  


==== Bibliography  ====
=== Bibliography  ===
 
==== Shoshone ====
 
*Denig, Edwin Thompson. ''Five Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Sioux, Arickaras, Assiniboines, Crees, Crows''. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, c1981. ''The Civilization of American Indian Series'':059. FHL book 970.1 D415f.
 
==== General ====


*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.  
*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.  
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:Volume 1 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 1 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br>
:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br>  
:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>
:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>  
:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4].<br>
:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4].<br>  
:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5].<br>
:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5].<br>  
:Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493742&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493742]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6].<br>
:Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493742&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493742]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6].<br>  
:Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493311&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493311]<br>
:Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493311&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493311]<br>  
:Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13240086&referer=brief_results WorldCat 13240086]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8].<br>
:Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13240086&referer=brief_results WorldCat 13240086]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8].<br>  
:Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26140053&referer=brief_results WorldCat 26140053]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9].<br>
:Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26140053&referer=brief_results WorldCat 26140053]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9].<br>  
:Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/301504096&referer=brief_results WorldCat 301504096]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10].  
:Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/301504096&referer=brief_results WorldCat 301504096]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10].  
:Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256516416&referer=brief_results WorldCat 256516416]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11].<br>
:Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256516416&referer=brief_results WorldCat 256516416]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11].<br>  
:Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39401371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 39401371]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12].<br>
:Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39401371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 39401371]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12].<br>  
:Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48209643&referer=brief_results WorldCat 48209643]<br>
:Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48209643&referer=brief_results WorldCat 48209643]<br>  
:Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254277176&referer=brief_results WorldCat 254277176]  
:Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254277176&referer=brief_results WorldCat 254277176]  
:Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256517503&referer=brief_results WorldCat 356517503]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15].<br>
:Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256517503&referer=brief_results WorldCat 356517503]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15].<br>  
:Volume 16 -- Not yet published  
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:Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43957746&referer=brief_results WorldCat 43957746]<br>
:Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43957746&referer=brief_results WorldCat 43957746]<br>  
:Volume 18 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 18 -- Not yet published  
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