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== Understanding the Census == | == Understanding the Census == | ||
'''Georgraphic Organization''' | |||
The census office organized the census by '''civil registration districts''', which were subdivided into '''enumeration districts'''. The only exception is the 1841, census which was arranged by '''hundreds''' (hundreds are administrative subdivisions of land). On the census films, each enumeration district includes a title page with the district number and a description of the area covered by the district. These registration districts crossed both county and national boundaries! For example the town of '''Llangollen''', in the county of '''Denbighshire''', was part of the '''Corwen''' registration district, even though Corwen was in the county of '''Merionethshire'''. Similarly, the town of '''Chirk''', in '''Denbighshire''', was in the '''Oswestry''' registration district, even though Oswestry was in the county of '''Shropshire''' in England. | |||
'''Important:''' Several Welsh census records are lost! The [[Wales Missing Census Records|Wales Missing Census Records Wiki article]] lists those missing census records and may identify possible census substitutes. | |||
The 1841 censuses of upper '''Merthyr Tydfil''' and the entire parishes of '''Wrexham''' and '''Ruabon''' in the north-east are missing, as are many of the 1861 censuses. Sometimes, a lost census return is found and the ''Clwyd Family History Society'' have 'retrieved' parts of the Wrexham returns for 1841. Announcements about records that are found are usually given by a family history society journal for the area that is involved. See [[Wales Periodicals]] for information on locating a family history society journal. It is sometimes possible to locate another record that can substitute for a census. For example, part of the missing census for Merthyr Tydfil can be supplemented with the following record: | |||
*Glamorgan Family History Society. ''Register of cottage leases, Dowlais Iron Company, 1818–1877.'' [Glamorgan, Wales]: Glamorgan Family History Society, [1996?]. (Family History Library {{FHL|942.97%2FD2 R2g|disp=book 942.97/D2 R2g}}.) | |||
'''When Taken''' | |||
The 1841 census was taken on 7 June. Most of the later censuses were taken between 31 March and 8 April, every 10 years. Instructions were to list only those persons who spent the night in each household when the census was taken. Those travelling, staying at boarding schools, or working away from home are listed where they spent the night. For example, night watchmen are often listed at their employer’s business address rather than with their families. | The 1841 census was taken on 7 June. Most of the later censuses were taken between 31 March and 8 April, every 10 years. Instructions were to list only those persons who spent the night in each household when the census was taken. Those travelling, staying at boarding schools, or working away from home are listed where they spent the night. For example, night watchmen are often listed at their employer’s business address rather than with their families. | ||
'''Changing Questions''' | |||
You will find the following information in the censuses: | You will find the following information in the censuses: | ||
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'''1891 and later.''' These censuses also list the language spoken (English, Welsh or Both). | '''1891 and later.''' These censuses also list the language spoken (English, Welsh or Both). | ||
'''Census Forms''' | |||
Census returns are arranged in columns. Column titles are: | |||
*Place or street address | |||
*Name of each person living in the abode on the night of the census | |||
*Relationship to the head of the household | |||
*Age and sex, arranged by males and females<br> | |||
*Profession, trade or employment | |||
*Where born<br><br> | |||
* | :For examples of each census year's heading format in easy-to-read and enlargeable PDF form see: | ||
::* [https://s3.amazonaws.com/ps-services-us-east-1-914248642252/s3/research-wiki-elasticsearch-prod-s3bucket/images/a/a4/1841_and_1851_Headings_for_the_Census_of_England_and_Wales.pdf 1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales] | |||
::*[https://s3.amazonaws.com/ps-services-us-east-1-914248642252/s3/research-wiki-elasticsearch-prod-s3bucket/images/c/cc/1861_and_1871_Headings_for_the_Census_of_England_and_Wales.pdf 1861 and 1871 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]. | |||
::*[https://s3.amazonaws.com/ps-services-us-east-1-914248642252/s3/research-wiki-elasticsearch-prod-s3bucket/images/8/81/1881_and_1891_Headings_for_the_Census_of_England_and_Wales.pdf 1881 and 1891 Headings for the Census of England and Wales] | |||
::*[https://s3.amazonaws.com/ps-services-us-east-1-914248642252/s3/research-wiki-elasticsearch-prod-s3bucket/images/b/b6/1901_and_1911_Headings_for_the_Census_of_England_and_Wales.pdf 1901 and 1911 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]. | |||
== Searching Census Records == | == Searching Census Records == | ||