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[[England]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Hertfordshire]]  
[[England]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Hertfordshire]]  


For an explanation of probate records in England. click [[England Probate Records|here]].  
<br>
 
The following article is about probate records in the county of Hertfordshire. For general information about English probate records, click [[England Probate Records|here]]. <br>


== Getting Started  ==
== Getting Started  ==


Probate is the legal court process by which the estate of a deceased person is distributed to his/her&nbsp;heirs.&nbsp;
<br>''Probate'' is the legal court process by which the estate of a deceased person is distributed to his or her heirs. The Church of England ecclesiastical courts had authority for this process until 1858. Beginning in 1858, authority over probate matters was taken from ecclesiastical courts and put under the civil authority of the Principal Probate Registry. The Probates After 1857 section below contains links to additional information about the records of this court.&nbsp;<br>
 
In order to find a probate record for your ancestor, you must answer two questions:
 
#When did your ancestor die?
#Where did your ancestor live or own property?
 
A key date is 1858, when probate authority was taken from the ecclesiatical courts of the Church of England and given to&nbsp;the civil government.&nbsp;  


*If your ancestor died before 1858, his/her probate would have been proven by an ecclesiatical court and it is important to know where he/she lived, as that will determine which courts had jurisdiction.&nbsp;
To look for a probate record before 1858:&lt;br&gt;  
*If you know where your ancestor lived before 1858, you should go to the '''Court Jurisdictions'''&nbsp;section below&nbsp;to determine what courts had jurisdiction over your ancestor's place of residence.&nbsp;
*Beginning in 1858, probate authority was&nbsp;vested in&nbsp;the '''Principal Probate Registry''' system.&nbsp; For more information, scroll to the '''Post-1857 Probate Records''' section at the bottom of the page.


Once you have answered the two questions and determined the courts, look for indexes. Indexes will be found on the individual court pages (when you click on a court name) or in the '''Probate Indexes''' section below.<br><br>
#Discover when and where your ancestor died. If you don’t know, use the approximate date and place where they lived. &lt;br&gt;<br>#Go to [https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Somerset_Probate_Records#Court_Jurisdictions Court Jurisdictions] section below.&lt;br&gt;<br>#Click a letter or span of letters for your place name. This opens a jurisdictions table.&lt;br&gt;<br>#Follow the instructions on the jurisdictions table page.&lt;br&gt;<br><br>


== Hertfordshire Probate Courts  ==
== Hertfordshire Probate Courts  ==
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*[[Court of the Peculiar of the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's Cathedral]]  
*[[Court of the Peculiar of the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's Cathedral]]  
*[[Court of the Commissary of the Bishop of London (Essex and Herts div.)]]
*[[Court of the Commissary of the Bishop of London (Essex and Herts div.)]]
In addition, the [[Prerogative Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury]] had jurisdiction over the whole of England and specifically in the following cases.&lt;br&gt;
*Wealthy individuals&lt;br&gt;<br>*People who owned property in more than one county&lt;br&gt;<br>*Military and naval personnel&lt;br&gt;<br>*People who lived or owned property outside England&lt;br&gt;
=== Appeals Courts  ===
Any probate that was disputed and could not be settled by the county courts could be sent to these higher appeals courts:
*[[Court of Arches]] <br>*[[High Court of Delegates]]
The [[Prerogative Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury]] also served as an appeals court.
<br>


== Some Explanatory Notes on the Hertfordshire Probate Courts  ==
== Some Explanatory Notes on the Hertfordshire Probate Courts  ==


== Court Jurisdictions  ==
== Court Jurisdictions by Parish ==


Before 1858, every town and parish in Hertfordshire was under the probate jurisdiction of a primary ecclesiastical court and one or more secondary ecclesiastical courts.  
Before 1858, every town and parish in Hertfordshire was under the probate jurisdiction of a primary ecclesiastical court and one or more secondary ecclesiastical courts.  
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[[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes beginning with A|A]]&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes B|B]] &nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes C-G|C-G]]&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes H-L|H-L]]&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes M-S|M-S]]&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes T-Z|T-Z]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
[[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes beginning with A|A]]&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes B|B]] &nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes C-G|C-G]]&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes H-L|H-L]]&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes M-S|M-S]]&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Hertfordshire Probate Jurisdictions, Parishes T-Z|T-Z]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  


 
<br>


== Estate Duty Records<br> ==
== Estate Duty Records<br> ==


Starting in 1796, a tax or death duty was payable on estates over a certain value. Estate duty abstracts may add considerable information not found elsewhere. Between 1813-1858 estate duty indexes may help locate a will. For more information, go to [[Estate Duty Records]].<br>
Starting in 1796, a tax or death duty was payable on estates over a certain value. Estate duty abstracts may add considerable information not found elsewhere.&nbsp; Estate duty indexes may help locate a will. For more information, go to [[Estate Duty Records]].<br>
 
 
 
== Post-1857 Probate Records  ==


Beginning in 1858, the government took over the&nbsp;settlement of estates and all&nbsp;wills are now probated through the Principal Probate Registry system.&nbsp; The system consists of 11 district registry offices and&nbsp;18 sub-district registries, located throughout England and Wales, and&nbsp;the principal registry&nbsp;office located in London.&nbsp; The records are available through the office of Her Majesty's Courts Service.&nbsp; To learn more, go to the [http://www.hmcourts-service.gov.uk/infoabout/civil/probate/index.htm HMCS website].
<br>


A&nbsp;country-wide surname index to the records is available, so it is much easier to look for post-1857 wills.&nbsp; The [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=208102&disp=Calendar+of+the+grants+of+probate+and+le%20%20&columns=*,0,0 indexes] for 1858-1957 and the [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=authordetails&authorno=301365&name=Great+Britain.+Principal+Probate+Registry&columns=*,0,0 records] for 1858-1925 are available on microfilm at the Family History Library.<br>
== Probates After 1857  ==


{{Place|Hertfordshire|Probate Records}}
Beginning in 1858, the government took over the settlement of estates and all wills are now probated through the Principal Probate Registry system. For more information, go to Principal Probate Registry.


[[Category:Probate records in Hertfordshire|A]]
[[Category:Hertfordshire]]
[[Category:Probate records in England]]
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