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'''Court''' was held on a quarterly basis and each session took its name from the season of the year in which the court was held: | '''Court''' was held on a quarterly basis and each session took its name from the season of the year in which the court was held: | ||
*''Vintertinget'' – winter court (December, January, & February) | *''Vintertinget'' – winter court (December, January, & February) | ||
*''Vårtinget ''– spring court (March, April, & May) | *''Vårtinget ''– spring court (March, April, & May) | ||
*''Sommartinget'' – summer court (June, July, & August) | *''Sommartinget'' – summer court (June, July, & August) | ||
*''Hösttinget'' – autumn court (September, October, & November) | *''Hösttinget'' – autumn court (September, October, & November) | ||
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*assets (tillgångar), etc. | *assets (tillgångar), etc. | ||
The “'''''preamble'''''” of the probate contains the most genealogical information. In the preamble, you will normally find: | The “'''''preamble'''''” of the probate contains the most genealogical information. In the preamble, you will normally find: | ||
*The name of the surviving spouse | *The name of the surviving spouse | ||
*The names of sons, their ages, and residences | *The names of sons, their ages, and residences | ||
*The names of daughters, their ages, and residences | *The names of daughters, their ages, and residences | ||
*The names of sons-in-law, if any daughters are married | *The names of sons-in-law, if any daughters are married | ||
*The names of guardians for under-aged or minor heirs | *The names of guardians for under-aged or minor heirs | ||
*The names of grandchildren, if their related parent to the deceased is dead | *The names of grandchildren, if their related parent to the deceased is dead | ||
* | **The name of the place of residence (farm or village) of the deceased | ||
*The name of the place of residence (farm or village) of the deceased | |||
Some '''important insights''' to remember about probates: | Some '''important insights''' to remember about probates: | ||
*Male heirs became of age at marriage or if not married, at age 25 years | *Male heirs became of age at marriage or if not married, at age 25 years | ||
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*Make it a practice to scan the debts/assets sections of the probate. As it is true today, so it was then, money was often loaned/borrowed by relatives | *Make it a practice to scan the debts/assets sections of the probate. As it is true today, so it was then, money was often loaned/borrowed by relatives | ||
*Half of the value of the estate went to the surviving spouse | *Half of the value of the estate went to the surviving spouse | ||
*Male heirs received a double portion to the inheritance female heirs received | *Male heirs received a double portion to the inheritance female heirs received | ||
*A surviving spouse could petition the court for a special status called “''utskifte | *A surviving spouse could petition the court for a special status called “''utskifte bo''”, which means that for as long as the widow remained unmarried and had one minor heir in the household, the probate could be held up indefinitely. Note: a stepmother could delay the probate for stepchildren by petitioning for “''utskifte bo''” status | ||
*based upon which spouse predeceased the other, guardians were usually chosen from the paternal side of the deceased according to the following order: grandfather, brother, uncle, male cousin | *based upon which spouse predeceased the other, guardians were usually chosen from the paternal side of the deceased according to the following order: grandfather, brother, uncle, male cousin | ||
*Only between 1/4 and 1/3 of the Swedish population was ever probated. There needed to be adequate holdings to justify the holding of a probate inventory | *Only between 1/4 and 1/3 of the Swedish population was ever probated. There needed to be adequate holdings to justify the holding of a probate inventory | ||
*At the end of the probate document, the following persons normally signed: (a signature infers that each heir is in agreement with the inventory) surviving spouse, sons, sons-in-law, appraisers. Note: most of the population of the late<br>1700s and early 1800s could not write. Therefore, one of the appraisers guided the heir’s hand while he held the pen. Often signatures were simply initials. For example, Jöns Andersson might write his name as J (öns) A (nders) S (on)<br> | *At the end of the probate document, the following persons normally signed: (a signature infers that each heir is in agreement with the inventory) surviving spouse, sons, sons-in-law, appraisers. Note: most of the population of the late<br>1700s and early 1800s could not write. Therefore, one of the appraisers guided the heir’s hand while he held the pen. Often signatures were simply initials. For example, Jöns Andersson might write his name as J (öns) A (nders) S (on)<br> | ||
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*<u>Östergötland County:</u> Mari-Anne Olsson of Rönninge, Sweden has made indexes for the districts in Östergötland county. She also includes abbreviated preambles to the probate records of Östergötland. Her work has been microfilmed and is available at the Family History Library and its Centers. It is found in the FHL Catalog under name of Härad, Probate records – Indexes. <br> | *<u>Östergötland County:</u> Mari-Anne Olsson of Rönninge, Sweden has made indexes for the districts in Östergötland county. She also includes abbreviated preambles to the probate records of Östergötland. Her work has been microfilmed and is available at the Family History Library and its Centers. It is found in the FHL Catalog under name of Härad, Probate records – Indexes. <br> | ||
=== Vocabulary === | === Vocabulary === | ||
The following Swedish words may assist you in understanding better the content of the genealogical information found in the probate’s preamble: | The following Swedish words may assist you in understanding better the content of the genealogical information found in the probate’s preamble: | ||