Germany Research Tips and Strategies: Difference between revisions

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 [https://familysearch.org/learningcenter/results.html?fq=place%3A%22Germany%22 German Research Online Tutorials] This link leads to classes on German research offered in the FamilySearch Learning Center.
 The effects of history, local customs, and record-keeping practices can make German family history research difficult. Here are some suggested strategies and notes about things that are helpful to know.<br>
 ==== Basic principles  ====
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 *Also keep in mind popular late 19th and early 20th Century myths such as “He was an illegitimate son of a nobleman, whose mother worked at the castle.” Or “The surname was changed at Ellis Island.” “They met on the boat coming over” etc]. There may be some truth in them, but fairly often these were just romantic notions.<br>
-==== Regional peculiarities<br> ====
+==== Regional peculiarities<br>  ====
 Regional differences may affect genealogical research. Here are some examples:<br>
 *In Mecklenburg, micro-mobility [moving around from town to town within a relatively small radius to get work] and the use of multiple given names are common challenges. Mecklenburg-Schwerin is also one of the few areas where a statewide census was taken at irregular intervals [1819, 1867, 1890].
 *In Ostfriesland patronymics were used regularly until at least 1811. After that the practice was gradually replaced by a modified system that included the father’s given name as the child’s middle name, used with the now mandatory fixed surname.
 *Schleswig- Holstein went back and forth between Denmark and Germany for several centuries. Regular censuses were taken by the Danes in the 19th Century. Records may be written in German or Danish. Patronymics may be used.&nbsp;
 *In Westfalen and neighboring areas the preference of farm names over personal family names was strong into the mid-19th Century. Husbands frequently took on the wife’s surname, if that was associated with the property on which they lived. Sometimes the surname changed as tenant farmer families moved from farm to farm.
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 Possible "technical difficulties include pages missing from the original record or accidentally skipped during filming. This may not be obvious. Many record books do not have page numbers, and numbering added after the original pages had been written can be misleading. <br>
 Older books may have fallen apart and been re-bound prior to filming. Pages may have been bound in the wrong sequence. This is difficult to detect on a two-dimensional film or digital image. So- always make sure that all elements of the record fit together and make sense.<br>Pages may have been numbered after a book was re-bound, resulting in consecutively numbered pages that may be out of their original sequence.<br>
 ==== "Left side-right side" films<br>  ====
 Some catalog entries note: “l.s.-r.s.” in the description. This is shorthand for “left side – right side”, meaning that the left-hand pages were filmed separately from the right-hand pages. This can be tricky if the entries go across both pages. Often the year will be written only on one side, while the parents’ names are written on the other side of the page.<br>In this case, you will need to begin you research on the side that has the names. Good note keeping is imperative! Each frame has a frame number stamped above the image. Note this number, left side or right side of the page, and which entry on the page is of interest. Then find the matching frame on the opposite side and match up your information. The frame numbers may be off by one, depending on which side of the page received the first number.<br>
 ==== Using a library catalog<br>  ====
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 *When you have a larger-than normal gap between children, re-check the baptismal records. Double-check records often.
 *Re-do work you did when you first began doing research.
-*Re-check records after new information has shed a different light on things.<br><br>
+*Re-check records after new information has shed a different light on things.<br>
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