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To get startred on [[ | To get startred on [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]] | ||
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{{infobox ethnic group | <br> {{infobox ethnic group | ||
|group = Hidatsa | |group = Hidatsa | ||
|image = [[Image:Winter_Village_of_the_Manitaries_(Hidatsa)_in_North_Dakota_Territory._Artwork_by_Karl_Bodmer,_1833-34,_NO._178.jpg|232x231px]] | |image = [[Image:Winter_Village_of_the_Manitaries_(Hidatsa)_in_North_Dakota_Territory._Artwork_by_Karl_Bodmer,_1833-34,_NO._178.jpg|232x231px]] | ||
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<td>1905</td> | <td>1905</td> | ||
<td style="text-align: right;">450</td><td>{{resize|0%| }}< | <td style="text-align: right;">450</td><td>{{resize|0%| }}<ref>Frederick Webb Hodge. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico'']. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906.</ref></td> | ||
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=== History === | === History === | ||
The Hidatsa originally lived the Devil's Lake area of North Dakota. As they migrated west, the Hidatsa met the Mandan at the mouth of the Heart River. The two groups formed an friendly alliance, and settled along the rivers of the area. | The Hidatsa originally lived the Devil's Lake area of North Dakota. As they migrated west, the Hidatsa met the [[Mandan_Indians|Mandan]] at the mouth of the Heart River. The two groups formed an friendly alliance, and settled along the rivers of the area. | ||
The first recorded contact with non-Indians occurred in 1804, when Lewis and Clark found the Hidatsa living in three villages at the mouth of the Knife River. Two villages of the [[Mandan Indians|Mandans]] were located a few miles down the Missouri River. | The first recorded contact with non-Indians occurred in 1804, when Lewis and Clark found the Hidatsa living in three villages at the mouth of the Knife River. Two villages of the [[Mandan Indians|Mandans]] were located a few miles down the Missouri River. | ||
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Two artists of the American west visited the Hidatsa and Mandan and painted scenes of their life -- George Catlin in 1832, and Karl Bodmer, a Swiss painter accompanying German explorer Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied from 1832 to 1834. | Two artists of the American west visited the Hidatsa and Mandan and painted scenes of their life -- George Catlin in 1832, and Karl Bodmer, a Swiss painter accompanying German explorer Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied from 1832 to 1834. | ||
A smallpox epidemic in 1837-1838 reduced the Hidatsa population to about 500 people. The remaining Mandan and Hidatsa united, and moved farther up the Missouri in 1845. They eventually settled at "Like-a-fishhook" bend near Fort Berthold. The Arikara joined them there in 1862. | A smallpox epidemic in 1837-1838 reduced the Hidatsa population to about 500 people. The remaining Mandan and Hidatsa united, and moved farther up the Missouri in 1845. They eventually settled at "Like-a-fishhook" bend near Fort Berthold. The [[Arikara_Indians|Arikara]] joined them there in 1862. | ||
The Hidatsa signed two treaties with the United States government -- the 1851 treaty at Laramie (Wyoming), which they signed as [[Grosventre Indians|Grosventres]], and the unratified 1866 Treaty of Fort Berthold (see links to copies of the treaties under Records below)<ref>Frederick Webb Hodge. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico'']. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906.</ref>. | The Hidatsa signed two treaties with the United States government -- the 1851 treaty at Laramie (Wyoming), which they signed as [[Grosventre Indians|Grosventres]], and the unratified 1866 Treaty of Fort Berthold (see links to copies of the treaties under Records below)<ref>Frederick Webb Hodge. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico'']. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906.</ref>. | ||
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The tribe was allotted land in 1888 under the General Allotment Act, and Like-A-Fishhook Village was abandoned. | The tribe was allotted land in 1888 under the General Allotment Act, and Like-A-Fishhook Village was abandoned. | ||
Under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Tribes merged and incorporated under their constitution and bylaws as the Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation<ref>[http://lib.fbcc.bia.edu/FortBerthold/TATbylaws.asp By-Laws] of the Three Affiliated Tribes.</ref>. | Under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Tribes merged and incorporated under their constitution and bylaws as the [[Three_Affiliated_Tribes_of_the_Fort_Berthold_Reservation,_North_Dakota|Three Affiliated Tribes]] of the Fort Berthold Reservation<ref>[http://lib.fbcc.bia.edu/FortBerthold/TATbylaws.asp By-Laws] of the Three Affiliated Tribes.</ref>. | ||
==== Brief Timeline ==== | ==== Brief Timeline ==== | ||
* | *1780-1781: Smallpox epidemic | ||
* | *1837: Smallpox devastated the Tribe | ||
* | *1845: Established Like-A-Fishhook Village near Fort Berthold trading post | ||
* | *1862: The Arikara joined them at Like-A-Fishhook Village | ||
* | *1870: Fort Berthold Agency established for Hidatsa, Mandan, and Arikara Tribes. | ||
* | *1888: Most of the tribe were located on allotted land; Like-A-Fishhook Village abandoned | ||
* | *1934: Three Affiliated Tribes formed - Hidatsa, Mandan, and Arikara | ||
* | *1951-1954: Relocated for construction of Garrison Dam and reservoir | ||
==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe ==== | ==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe ==== | ||
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=== Records === | === Records === | ||
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br> | |||
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]] | |||
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]] | |||
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]] | |||
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]] | |||
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]] | |||
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]] | |||
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]] | |||
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]] | |||
=== Agencies === | |||
The following [[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs]] had jurisdiction over the Hidatsa for the time periods indicated. BIA agencies were responsible to keep such records as census rolls, allotment (land) records, annuity rolls, school records, correspondence, and other records of individual Indians under their jurisdiction. For details, see the page for the respective agency. | The following [[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs]] had jurisdiction over the Hidatsa for the time periods indicated. BIA agencies were responsible to keep such records as census rolls, allotment (land) records, annuity rolls, school records, correspondence, and other records of individual Indians under their jurisdiction. For details, see the page for the respective agency. | ||
*[[Upper Missouri Indian Agency|Upper Missouri Agency]], 1824-1866-- ??<br> | *[[Upper Missouri Indian Agency|Upper Missouri Agency]], 1824-1866-- ??<br> | ||
*[[Fort Berthold Indian Agency (North Dakota)|Fort Berthold Agency]], 1867-present | *[[Fort Berthold Indian Agency (North Dakota)|Fort Berthold Agency]], 1867-present | ||
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=== References === | === References === | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
=== Bibliography === | === Bibliography === | ||
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:Volume 1 -- Not yet published | :Volume 1 -- Not yet published | ||
:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br> | :Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br> | ||
:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br> | :Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br> | ||
:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4}}. | :Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4}}. | ||
:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5}}. | :Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5}}. | ||
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*Waldman, Carl. ''Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes''. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14718193?referer=list_view WorldCat 14718193]; {{FHL|1465222|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006}}. | *Waldman, Carl. ''Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes''. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14718193?referer=list_view WorldCat 14718193]; {{FHL|1465222|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006}}. | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:North_Dakota_Indian_Tribes]] [[Category:Montana_Indian_Tribes]] | ||