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Below are some key dates and events in the history of the Netherlands. | Below are some key dates and events in the history of the Netherlands. | ||
'''1st cent. BC''' The area's first inhabitants - Frisians, Batavians, and other tribes - settle the coastal territory along the Rhine River. The Batavians become allies of Rome. | '''1st cent. BC''' The area's first inhabitants - Frisians, Batavians, and other tribes - settle the coastal territory along the Rhine River. The Batavians become allies of Rome. | ||
''' 10th century''' The counts of Holland and Zeeland and the bishopric of Utrecht begin to gain greater control of their own affairs. | '''814''' On the death of Charlemagne, the Frankish emperor of the West and conqueror of the Saxons and Frisians, his empire is divided. The Low Countries become part of Lotharingia, squeezed between the German lands and France. | ||
'''10th century''' The counts of Holland and Zeeland and the bishopric of Utrecht begin to gain greater control of their own affairs. | |||
'''1421''' A storm on St. Elizabeth's Day breaks dikes along the Maas and Waal rivers, causing a flood that drowns 10,000 people. | '''1421''' A storm on St. Elizabeth's Day breaks dikes along the Maas and Waal rivers, causing a flood that drowns 10,000 people. | ||
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'''1630 - 1654''' Dutch conquered Brazil. | '''1630 - 1654''' Dutch conquered Brazil. | ||
'''1642- | '''1642-1643''' Navigator Abel Tasman is the first European to reach Tasmania and New Zealand. | ||
'''1614-1664''' [[New Netherland|New Netherland]] Colony settled in North America from Cape Cod to Virginia. Taken over by the English at the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War. | '''1614-1664''' [[New Netherland|New Netherland]] Colony settled in North America from Cape Cod to Virginia. Taken over by the English at the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War. | ||
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'''1795''' The Republic of the Seven United Netherlands was overthrown, and the Batavian Republic, patterned after the French republic, was established. Zeeuws Flanders, Flanders, and Dutch areas in Limburg were annexed to France. | '''1795''' The Republic of the Seven United Netherlands was overthrown, and the Batavian Republic, patterned after the French republic, was established. Zeeuws Flanders, Flanders, and Dutch areas in Limburg were annexed to France. | ||
'''1805 '''The Batavian Republic was dissolved, and the Kingdom of Holland was established, with Louis Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon, as king. | '''1805 ''' The Batavian Republic was dissolved, and the Kingdom of Holland was established, with Louis Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon, as king. | ||
'''1810''' The Kingdom of Holland was dissolved, and the territory was annexed to the French Empire. | '''1810''' The Kingdom of Holland was dissolved, and the territory was annexed to the French Empire. | ||
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'''1831''' The people of the former Southern Netherlands rebelled and set up their own government. This was the beginning of the Kingdom of Belgium. | '''1831''' The people of the former Southern Netherlands rebelled and set up their own government. This was the beginning of the Kingdom of Belgium. | ||
'''1839 '''Belgium was recognized as an independent nation, and border disputes were resolved. Limburg became a province of the Netherlands. | '''1839 ''' Belgium was recognized as an independent nation, and border disputes were resolved. Limburg became a province of the Netherlands. | ||
'''1840 '''The province of Noord–Holland was created by a division of the province of Holland. The remaining part of the province of Holland later came to be known as Zuid–Holland. | '''1840 ''' The province of Noord–Holland was created by a division of the province of Holland. The remaining part of the province of Holland later came to be known as Zuid–Holland. | ||
'''1890''' Death by suicide of van Gogh. | '''1890''' Death by suicide of van Gogh. | ||
'''1917''' | '''1917''' Despite Dutch neutrality in World War I (1914-18), the Netherlands suffers from severe food shortages. | ||
'''1920''' | '''1920''' Dutch airline KLM launches the world's first scheduled air service, between Amsterdam and London. | ||
'''1932''' | '''1932''' Afsluitdijk (Enclosure Dike) at the head of the Zuiderzee is completed, transforming the sea into the freshwater IJsselmeer Lake. | ||
'''1940''' World War II: Nazi Germany invades on May 10. Holland surrenders 4 days later after the aerial bombardment of Rotterdam. Queen Wilhelmina goes into exile in London. | '''1940''' World War II: Nazi Germany invades on May 10. Holland surrenders 4 days later after the aerial bombardment of Rotterdam. Queen Wilhelmina goes into exile in London. | ||
'''1945''' | '''1945''' May 5: German forces in the Netherlands capitulate. KLM inaugurates Amsterdam- New York air service; journey time, including stopovers in Scotland and Newfoundland: 25.5 hours. | ||
'''1948''' Benelux customs union with Belgium and Luxembourg takes effect. | '''1948''' Benelux customs union with Belgium and Luxembourg takes effect. | ||
'''1949''' | '''1949''' The Netherlands joins NATO. The Dutch East Indies' wins independence, as Indonesia, after a bitterly fought liberation struggle. | ||
'''1953''' | '''1953''' Devastating North Sea storms produce significant coastal flooding. Dutch embark on long-range Delta Project to seal off river estuaries in the southwest. | ||
'''1958''' | '''1958''' The Netherlands joins the European Economic Community, the forerunner of today's European Union (EU). | ||
'''1975''' | '''1975''' Amsterdam's 700th anniversary. The Netherlands grants independence to Suriname. | ||
'''1980''' | '''1980''' Queen Juliana abdicates, and her eldest daughter Beatrix accedes to the throne. | ||
'''2004''' | '''2004''' The former Queen Juliana dies. | ||
== Histories at the Family History Library == | == Histories at the Family History Library == | ||