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Chippewa Tribe: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg|thumb|right|180x202px]] | [[Image:Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg|thumb|right|180x202px|Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg]] | ||
[[Image:Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg|thumb|right|183x204px]] | [[Image:Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg|thumb|right|183x204px|Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg]] | ||
To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]] | To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]] | ||
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=== '''Various Spellings:''' Chippewa, Ojibwa, Ojibway === | === '''Various Spellings:''' Chippewa, Ojibwa, Ojibway === | ||
Early on they were often called Chippeway or Chipaway. Chippewa is the Anglicized version of Ojibway (also spelled Ojibwe and Ojibwa). The name Chippewa is more commonly used in the United States and the name Ojibway is more common in Canada<ref>Facts for Kids: Ojibway Indians (Chippewa, Ojibway) [http://www.bigorrin.org/chippewa_kids.htm Available online]</ref> <ref>*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/chippewa/chippewahist.htm Available online].</ref>. | Early on they were often called Chippeway or Chipaway. Chippewa is the Anglicized version of Ojibway (also spelled Ojibwe and Ojibwa). The origins of the name Ojibwa are really not known. However, the word for before in Ojibwa is Chi-bwa or Ji-bwa. Ojibwa has nothing to do with moccasins. Later, an "o" was added and a "y" also. Their meanings are not known. So Chi-bwa is the correct name. Exactly what the "o" and "y" represent is a mystery. The name Chippewa is more commonly used in the United States and the name Ojibway is more common in Canada<ref>Facts for Kids: Ojibway Indians (Chippewa, Ojibway) [http://www.bigorrin.org/chippewa_kids.htm Available online]</ref> <ref>*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/chippewa/chippewahist.htm Available online].</ref>. | ||
'''Major Bands:''' Algonquin; Amikwa who are also known as the Nez Perce (they are the Nez Perce of Idaho), Bungee; Chipewyan includuing the Dogrib; Gwich'in; Hare; Slave; Yellowknifes; and all other Dene People; Cree (the northern Ojibway's or Muskeego); Missisaugaa; Nakawe; Nipissing; Ottawa or Odawa; Pembina; and Saulteaux or Saulteau. All Great Lakes Algonquians are Chippewa including the Abenaki; Delaware including the Mahican; Munsee; and Naticoke; Illini; Kickapoo; Menominee; Miami; Potawatomi; Sac or Sauk (both are short for Saginaw); the Saginaw including the Swan Creek and Black River Chippewa's; Shawnee; and Stockbridge. Out west, the Arapaho; Blackfeet; Cheyenne; and Gros Ventre. Further west, the Apache; Navajo; Wappo; Wichita (William Clark claimed in 1805, the Wichita are Chippaways who lived along the Red River between Oklahoma and Texas); Wiyot; Yuki; and Yurok.<br> | '''Major Bands:''' Algonquin; Amikwa who are also known as the Nez Perce (they are the Nez Perce of Idaho), Bungee; Chipewyan includuing the Dogrib; Gwich'in; Hare; Slave; Yellowknifes; and all other Dene People; Cree (the northern Ojibway's or Muskeego); Missisaugaa; Nakawe; Nipissing; Ottawa or Odawa; Pembina; and Saulteaux or Saulteau. All Great Lakes Algonquians are Chippewa including the Abenaki; Delaware including the Mahican; Munsee; and Naticoke; Illini; Kickapoo; Menominee; Miami; Potawatomi; Sac or Sauk (both are short for Saginaw); the Saginaw including the Swan Creek and Black River Chippewa's; Shawnee; and Stockbridge. Out west, the Arapaho; Blackfeet; Cheyenne; and Gros Ventre. Further west, the Apache; Navajo; Wappo; Wichita (William Clark claimed in 1805, the Wichita are Chippaways who lived along the Red River between Oklahoma and Texas); Wiyot; Yuki; and Yurok.<br> | ||
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'''See also:''' [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]] | '''See also:''' [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]] | ||
=== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg|thumb|right|240x260px]]Tribal Headquarters === | === [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg|thumb|right|240x260px|Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg]]Tribal Headquarters === | ||
[http://www.glitc.org/ Great Lakes Inter-tribal Council Tribal]'''<br>'''St. Croix Chippewa Community<br>24663 Angeline Avenue - Webster WI 54893<br>Phone: 715-349-2195 - Fax: 715-349-5768<br> | [http://www.glitc.org/ Great Lakes Inter-tribal Council Tribal]'''<br>'''St. Croix Chippewa Community<br>24663 Angeline Avenue - Webster WI 54893<br>Phone: 715-349-2195 - Fax: 715-349-5768<br> | ||
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The Chippewa's have lived in the western part of North America for an extremely long time. They had an early warning (the Seven Fires Prophecy) and prepared. Even before the whites invaded. Lewis and Clark knew the Chippewa's or Chippaways, were living in Texas long before 1805. William Clark wrote in his journals under Estimates for the Eastern Indians, that they lived in Texas. They are listed number 53. Click this [http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/read/?_xmlsrc=1804-1805.winter.part2.xml&_xslsrc=LCstyles.xsl lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/read/]link to read about it. Or google Lewis and Clarks journals.<br> | The Chippewa's have lived in the western part of North America for an extremely long time. They had an early warning (the Seven Fires Prophecy) and prepared. Even before the whites invaded. Lewis and Clark knew the Chippewa's or Chippaways, were living in Texas long before 1805. William Clark wrote in his journals under Estimates for the Eastern Indians, that they lived in Texas. They are listed number 53. Click this [http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/read/?_xmlsrc=1804-1805.winter.part2.xml&_xslsrc=LCstyles.xsl lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/read/]link to read about it. Or google Lewis and Clarks journals.<br> | ||
'''Moons or Months of the Year''' | '''Moons or Months of the Year''' | ||
Chippewa-Cree | Chippewa-Cree | ||
*Mik-se-io-pi-sim- Bald Eagle Moon, January | *Mik-se-io-pi-sim- Bald Eagle Moon, January | ||
*Ki-se-pi-sim- Kindness Moon, February | *Ki-se-pi-sim- Kindness Moon, February | ||
*Nis-ki-pi-sim- Goose Moon, March | *Nis-ki-pi-sim- Goose Moon, March | ||
*An-ye-ki-pi-sim- Frog Moon, April | *An-ye-ki-pi-sim- Frog Moon, April | ||
*Sah-ke-pah-kwah-pi-sim- Leaf Budding Moon,May | *Sah-ke-pah-kwah-pi-sim- Leaf Budding Moon,May | ||
*Pas-ka-we-pi-sim- Hatching Moon, June | *Pas-ka-we-pi-sim- Hatching Moon, June | ||
*Pi-nahw-wiu-pi-sim- Molting Moon, July | *Pi-nahw-wiu-pi-sim- Molting Moon, July | ||
*O-pah-o-pi-sim- Flying Moon, August | *O-pah-o-pi-sim- Flying Moon, August | ||
*Was-ta-po-kaw-pi-sim- Fading Moon, September | *Was-ta-po-kaw-pi-sim- Fading Moon, September | ||
*Kas-ka-te-no-pi-sim- Freezing Moon, October | *Kas-ka-te-no-pi-sim- Freezing Moon, October | ||
*I-ko-pew-pi-sim- Frosty Moon, November | *I-ko-pew-pi-sim- Frosty Moon, November | ||
*Pa-we-cha-ke-na-sees-pi-sim- Bare Moon, December | *Pa-we-cha-ke-na-sees-pi-sim- Bare Moon, December | ||
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==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands ==== | ==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands ==== | ||
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The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether | The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether | ||
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>[http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/printableViewer.htm?imgF=images/preview/fedlands/GA.gif&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;imgW=588&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;imgH=450 National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations] </ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991 (Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. | The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>[http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/printableViewer.htm?imgF=images/preview/fedlands/GA.gif&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;imgW=588&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;imgH=450 National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations] </ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991 (Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. | ||
[[Bay Mills Indian Reservation (Michigan)|Bay Mills]], [[Grand Portage Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Grand Portage]], [[Leech Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Leeck Lake]], [[Mille Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mille Lacs]], [[Red Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Red Lake]], Nett Lake, [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain]], [[White Earth Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|White Earth]], [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's]], Bad River, [[Lac Courte Oreilles Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac Courte Oreilles]], [[Lac du Flambeau Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac du Flambeau]], Keweenaw Bay, [[Fond du Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Fond Du Lac]], Mole Lake, [[Red Cliff Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Red Cliff]], | [[Bay Mills Indian Reservation (Michigan)|Bay Mills]], [[Grand Portage Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Grand Portage]], [[Leech Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Leeck Lake]], [[Mille Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mille Lacs]], [[Red Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Red Lake]], Nett Lake, [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain]], [[White Earth Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|White Earth]], [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's]], Bad River, [[Lac Courte Oreilles Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac Courte Oreilles]], [[Lac du Flambeau Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac du Flambeau]], Keweenaw Bay, [[Fond du Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Fond Du Lac]], Mole Lake, [[Red Cliff Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Red Cliff]], | ||
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==== Correspondence and Census ==== | ==== Correspondence and Census ==== | ||
{| | {| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="col" | Tribe | ! scope="col" | Tribe | ||
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National Archives film M234, Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1881. Includes 1. 1838 list of Chippewa, Ottawa and Pottawatomie entitled to benefits at the Council Bluffs Agency. (File H571, Roll 215) 2. 1878 lists of heads of families for Pillager and Lake Winnebigoshish Chippewa, (Fild K259, Roll 1166) 3. 1878 lists of heads of families for White Oake, Point and Mississippi Chippewa, (File K266, Roll 166)(source: NAR RR#1002) | National Archives film M234, Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1881. Includes 1. 1838 list of Chippewa, Ottawa and Pottawatomie entitled to benefits at the Council Bluffs Agency. (File H571, Roll 215) 2. 1878 lists of heads of families for Pillager and Lake Winnebigoshish Chippewa, (Fild K259, Roll 1166) 3. 1878 lists of heads of families for White Oake, Point and Mississippi Chippewa, (File K266, Roll 166)(source: NAR RR#1002) | ||
==== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg|thumb|right|232x264px]]Treaties ==== | ==== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg|thumb|right|232x264px|Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg]]Treaties ==== | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0006.htm 1785] January 21, at Fort McIntosh - Wyandot | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0006.htm 1785] January 21, at Fort McIntosh - Wyandot | ||
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*November 17, 1807, at Detroit - Ottawa | *November 17, 1807, at Detroit - Ottawa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0099.htm 1808] November 25, at Brownstown | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0099.htm 1808] November 25, at Brownstown | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm 1815] September 8, at Spring Wells - Wyandot [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg|thumb|right|217x248px]] | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm 1815] September 8, at Spring Wells - Wyandot [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg|thumb|right|217x248px|Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg]] | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0132.htm 1816] August 24, at St. Louis - Ottawa | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0132.htm 1816] August 24, at St. Louis - Ottawa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm 1817] September 29, on the Miami - Wyandot | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm 1817] September 29, on the Miami - Wyandot | ||