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[[England]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[England Census: Further Information and Description|Census Further Information]][[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|Census Records Online]] | [[England]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[England Census: Further Information and Description|Census Further Information]][[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|Census Records Online]] | ||
[[Image:Census of the Population 1871 (England and Wales).png|thumb|right|300px | [[Image:Census of the Population 1871 (England and Wales).png|thumb|right|300px]] | ||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
{{Historical populations | {{Historical populations | ||
|heading = Census | |heading = Census | ||
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Although the 1841 census is of great value, it had some limitations. It was originally produced on blue paper and inscribed with pencil. Many of the original images on film were very poor but the digital quality has improved them. In the 1841 census, relationships were not given, the age of individuals older than 15 years was rounded down, and specific birthplaces were not provided. The 1851 census and subsequent censuses provide more detailed information, making it easier to find family members. | Although the 1841 census is of great value, it had some limitations. It was originally produced on blue paper and inscribed with pencil. Many of the original images on film were very poor but the digital quality has improved them. In the 1841 census, relationships were not given, the age of individuals older than 15 years was rounded down, and specific birthplaces were not provided. The 1851 census and subsequent censuses provide more detailed information, making it easier to find family members. | ||
The percentages shown in the chart to the right are the percentage of increase in population since the previous census year. | The percentages shown in the chart to the right are the percentage of increase in population since the previous census year. | ||
{{further|England Census: Further Information and Description{{!}}Further Information and Description|Lost or Missing England Census Records}} | {{further|England Census: Further Information and Description{{!}}Further Information and Description|Lost or Missing England Census Records}} | ||
== Understanding the Census == | == Understanding the Census == | ||
[[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|259x327px | [[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|259x327px]] | ||
Instructions to the census taker were to list only those persons who spent the night in each household when the census was taken. Those traveling, staying at boarding schools, or working away from home were listed where they spent the night. For example, night watchmen are often listed under their employer’s business address rather than with their families. Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | Instructions to the census taker were to list only those persons who spent the night in each household when the census was taken. Those traveling, staying at boarding schools, or working away from home were listed where they spent the night. For example, night watchmen are often listed under their employer’s business address rather than with their families. Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | ||
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Be aware of the date of each census for family members as that will help in determining the birth year for family members as it is reported. The date that each census was taken is as follows: | Be aware of the date of each census for family members as that will help in determining the birth year for family members as it is reported. The date that each census was taken is as follows: | ||
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| '''1841''' – June 6 | | '''1841''' – June 6 | ||
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There are only a few name lists created on the parish level for the census years 1801, 1811, 1821, 1831. The few surviving pre-1841 censuses generally contain only names of the head-of-household. Consult an archive in your county to determine what may be available or information on pre-1841 census records can be found in: | There are only a few name lists created on the parish level for the census years 1801, 1811, 1821, 1831. The few surviving pre-1841 censuses generally contain only names of the head-of-household. Consult an archive in your county to determine what may be available or information on pre-1841 census records can be found in: | ||
*The University of Essex, Department of History published an easy to follow PDF file in 2004 entitled "Census Schedules and Listings, 1801-1831: An Introduction and Guide" by Richard Wall, Matthew Woollard and Beatrice Moring. This is now available at two websites: (1) [http://www.essex.ac.uk/history/documents/research/RT2_Wall_2012.pdf The University of Essex], from which it can be readily downloaded; and (2) [http://www.academia.edu/619532/Census_Schedules_and_Listings_1801-1831_An_Introduction_and_Guide Academia], from which it can be downloaded by those who first sign up to enrol in Academia. The 151-page guide includes a county-by-county catalogue of the surviving name lists that have been found for the English censuses from 1801-1831, including '''all''' those listed in the following work by Chapman. | *The University of Essex, Department of History published an easy to follow PDF file in 2004 entitled "Census Schedules and Listings, 1801-1831: An Introduction and Guide" by Richard Wall, Matthew Woollard and Beatrice Moring. This is now available at two websites: (1) [http://www.essex.ac.uk/history/documents/research/RT2_Wall_2012.pdf The University of Essex], from which it can be readily downloaded; and (2) [http://www.academia.edu/619532/Census_Schedules_and_Listings_1801-1831_An_Introduction_and_Guide Academia], from which it can be downloaded by those who first sign up to enrol in Academia. The 151-page guide includes a county-by-county catalogue of the surviving name lists that have been found for the English censuses from 1801-1831, including '''all''' those listed in the following work by Chapman. | ||
*Chapman, Colin R., ''Pre-1841 Censuses and Population Listings in the British Isles''. Dursley, Gloucestershire, England : Lochin Publishing, 1998 (5th ed). (Family History Library book {{FHL|825423|title-id|disp=942 X27cc, 1998}}) | *Chapman, Colin R., ''Pre-1841 Censuses and Population Listings in the British Isles''. Dursley, Gloucestershire, England : Lochin Publishing, 1998 (5th ed). (Family History Library book {{FHL|825423|title-id|disp=942 X27cc, 1998}}) | ||
The 1831 census was collated by the census office and the resulting Parish Register Abstracts form an important part of the published census material, because from it alone, the clergymen's manuscript returns have survived. The records are held at [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/default.asp?source=ddmenu_search3&j=1 The National Archives of the UK] under 'Clergymen's returns of 1831' (HO71/1-HO71/124.) | The 1831 census was collated by the census office and the resulting Parish Register Abstracts form an important part of the published census material, because from it alone, the clergymen's manuscript returns have survived. The records are held at [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/default.asp?source=ddmenu_search3&j=1 The National Archives of the UK] under 'Clergymen's returns of 1831' (HO71/1-HO71/124.) | ||
There is statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. Consult [[Online Historical Population Reports]] article for further details. | There is statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. Consult [[Online Historical Population Reports]] article for further details. | ||
==== 1841 ==== | ==== 1841 ==== | ||
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Several websites have now published online many of the census indexes and records from 1841-1911. The sites are as follows: | Several websites have now published online many of the census indexes and records from 1841-1911. The sites are as follows: | ||
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| [https://familysearch.org/search/collection/list#page=1®ion=UNITED_KINGDOM_IRELAND www.familysearch.org] | | [https://familysearch.org/search/collection/list#page=1®ion=UNITED_KINGDOM_IRELAND www.familysearch.org] | ||
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In addition to the nationwide census surname indexes, there are many smaller surname indexes, created by individuals and family history societies in England, that cover specific counties, districts or parishes. The following links will direct you to pages that show these smaller surname indexes for each county, and which are found in the [[Family History Library]]'s collection. | In addition to the nationwide census surname indexes, there are many smaller surname indexes, created by individuals and family history societies in England, that cover specific counties, districts or parishes. The following links will direct you to pages that show these smaller surname indexes for each county, and which are found in the [[Family History Library]]'s collection. | ||
{| | {| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 100%;" | ||
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| [[Bedfordshire Census Surname Index|Bedfordshire Indexes]] | | [[Bedfordshire Census Surname Index|Bedfordshire Indexes]] | ||
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{{featured article}} | {{featured article}} | ||
[[Category:Census_records_in_England | [[Category:Census_records_in_England]] | ||