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Chippewa Tribe: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg|thumb|right|180x202px | [[Image:Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg|thumb|right|180x202px]] | ||
[[Image:Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg|thumb|right|183x204px | [[Image:Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg|thumb|right|183x204px]] | ||
To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]] | To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]] | ||
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'''See also:''' [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]] | '''See also:''' [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]] | ||
=== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg|thumb|right|240x260px | === [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg|thumb|right|240x260px]]Tribal Headquarters === | ||
[http://www.glitc.org/ Great Lakes Inter-tribal Council Tribal]'''<br>'''St. Croix Chippewa Community<br>24663 Angeline Avenue - Webster WI 54893<br>Phone: 715-349-2195 - Fax: 715-349-5768<br> | [http://www.glitc.org/ Great Lakes Inter-tribal Council Tribal]'''<br>'''St. Croix Chippewa Community<br>24663 Angeline Avenue - Webster WI 54893<br>Phone: 715-349-2195 - Fax: 715-349-5768<br> | ||
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*'''1873: '''On October 3, 1873, the Saulteaux Chippewa's of northwestern Ontario and eastern Manitoba, had a large Reserve created. Later, they ceded some land. This treaty is known as Treaty 3. | *'''1873: '''On October 3, 1873, the Saulteaux Chippewa's of northwestern Ontario and eastern Manitoba, had a large Reserve created. Later, they ceded some land. This treaty is known as Treaty 3. | ||
*'''1874: '''On September 15, 1874, the Saulteaux Chippewa's had a large Reserve created in southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, and southeastern Alberta. Later, land was ceded. This is Treaty 4. | *'''1874: '''On September 15, 1874, the Saulteaux Chippewa's had a large Reserve created in southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, and southeastern Alberta. Later, land was ceded. This is Treaty 4. | ||
*'''1875: '''On September 20, 1875, the Saulteaux Chippewa's of Manitoba were created a large Reserve in Manitoba. This is Treaty 5. | *'''1875: '''On September 20, 1875, the Saulteaux Chippewa's of Manitoba were created a large Reserve in Manitoba. In all, there were 18 adhesion signings to Treaty 5. This is Treaty 5. | ||
*'''1876: '''On August 23, 1876, a large Reserve was created for the Saulteaux Chippewa's of Alberta and Saskatchewan. Later, land was ceded. This is Treaty 6. | *'''1876: '''On August 23, 1876, a large Reserve was created for the Saulteaux Chippewa's of Alberta and Saskatchewan. Later, land was ceded. This is Treaty 6. | ||
*'''1877: '''On September 22, 1877, a large Reservation was created for the Saulteaux Chippewa's of southern Alberta. Later, land was ceded. This is Treaty 7. | *'''1877: '''On September 22, 1877, a large Reservation was created for the Saulteaux Chippewa's of southern Alberta. Later, land was ceded. This is Treaty 7. | ||
*'''1882: '''On December 21, 1882, the Turtle Mountain Reservation of North Dakota was created. Chief Little Shell III refused to take part in the treaty. | *'''1882: '''On December 21, 1882, the Turtle Mountain Reservation of North Dakota was created. Chief Little Shell III refused to take part in the treaty. | ||
*'''1889: '''On July 8, 1889, the United States refused to honor treaty and allowed Chippewa men in Minnesota of voting age, to vote if they wanted to accept land allotments and have Reservation surplus land sold to the whites. They voted to accept land allotments and have surplus Reservation land sold to whites. The treaty is invalid. The United States did not deal with the Chippewa's on a nation to nation level. Chief's Little Shell III, Red Thunder, and other Chippewa leaders refused to accept this treaty. | *'''1889: '''On July 8, 1889, the United States refused to honor treaty and allowed Chippewa men in Minnesota of voting age, to vote if they wanted to accept land allotments and have Reservation surplus land sold to the whites. They voted to accept land allotments and have surplus Reservation land sold to whites. The treaty is invalid. The United States did not deal with the Chippewa's on a nation to nation level. Chief's Little Shell III, Red Thunder, and other Chippewa leaders refused to accept this treaty. | ||
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*'''1892:''' Chiefs Little Shell III and Red Thunder, refused to sign the illegal McCumber Agreement which was about 11 million acres along the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota, and the vast [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain Reservation in]] the northern plains which was set aside in 1882. | *'''1892:''' Chiefs Little Shell III and Red Thunder, refused to sign the illegal McCumber Agreement which was about 11 million acres along the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota, and the vast [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain Reservation in]] the northern plains which was set aside in 1882. | ||
*'''1898: '''A short Rebelllion was fought in northern Minnesota. Chief Bugonaygishig led Chippewa soldiers during the short war to restore Chippewa Reservations in Minnesota. Through treaty agreements, the United States returned the Reservations. | *'''1898: '''A short Rebelllion was fought in northern Minnesota. Chief Bugonaygishig led Chippewa soldiers during the short war to restore Chippewa Reservations in Minnesota. Through treaty agreements, the United States returned the Reservations. | ||
*'''1899: '''On June 21, 1899, a large Reserve was created for the Saulteau Chippewa's of British Columbia, northern Alberta, northwestern Saskatchewan, and the southeastern part of what is now the Northwest Territories. All Treaty 8 land in British Columbia, a small part of northeastern Alberta, and all of Treaty 8 land in the southeastern part of the Northwest Territories remains a Saulteau Chippewa Reserve. This is Treaty 8. | *'''1899: '''On June 21, 1899, a large Reserve was created for the Saulteau Chippewa's of British Columbia, northern Alberta, northwestern Saskatchewan, and the southeastern part of what is now the Northwest Territories. All Treaty 8 land in British Columbia, a small part of northeastern Alberta, and all of Treaty 8 land in the southeastern part of the Northwest Territories remains a Saulteau Chippewa Reserve. This is Treaty 8. | ||
*'''1905: '''On June 29, 1905, a large Saulteaux Chippewa Reserve was created in northeastern Ontario. It borders the July 5, 1929 Saulteaux Chippewa Reserve located in northwestern Ontario. In all, there were 17 adhesion signings to Treaty 9. This is Treaty 9. | |||
*'''1906: '''On August 19, 1906, a large Saulteaux Chippewa Reserve was created in northern Saskatchewan. In all, there were 4 signings to Treaty 10. This is Treaty 10. | |||
*'''1910-1920: '''In northern Mexico, the large Reservations created for the Chippewa's, other Indians, and blacks were eradicated by Mexico. It led to the 1910-1920 Mexican Civil War. Indian and black soldiers fought their way south into southern Mexico. The settled between the Mexican States of Nayarit and Oaxaca. Many of the blacks settled in the region where Costa Chica is located. | *'''1910-1920: '''In northern Mexico, the large Reservations created for the Chippewa's, other Indians, and blacks were eradicated by Mexico. It led to the 1910-1920 Mexican Civil War. Indian and black soldiers fought their way south into southern Mexico. The settled between the Mexican States of Nayarit and Oaxaca. Many of the blacks settled in the region where Costa Chica is located. | ||
*'''1916:''' Assigned to [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's Reservation in]] Montana with the Plains Cree. | *'''1916:''' Assigned to [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's Reservation in]] Montana with the Plains Cree. | ||
*'''1921: '''On June 27, 1921, a large Saulteau Chippewa Reserve was created in the Northwest Territories. In all, there were 9 signings to Treaty 11. This is Treaty 11. | |||
*'''1929: '''On July 5, 1929, a large Reserve was created for the Saulteaux Chippewa's of northwestern Ontario. In all, there were 17 adhesion signings to Treaty 9. This is a part of Treaty 9. | |||
*'''1968:''' The American Indian Movement (AIM) founded by three Ojibwa: Dennis Banks, George Mitchell, and Clyde Bellecourt. | *'''1968:''' The American Indian Movement (AIM) founded by three Ojibwa: Dennis Banks, George Mitchell, and Clyde Bellecourt. | ||
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The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether | The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether | ||
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>[http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/printableViewer.htm?imgF=images/preview/fedlands/GA.gif&imgW=588&imgH=450 National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations] </ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991 (Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. | The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>[http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/printableViewer.htm?imgF=images/preview/fedlands/GA.gif&amp;imgW=588&amp;imgH=450 National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations] </ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991 (Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. | ||
[[Bay Mills Indian Reservation (Michigan)|Bay Mills]], [[Grand Portage Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Grand Portage]], [[Leech Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Leeck Lake]], [[Mille Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mille Lacs]], [[Red Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Red Lake]], Nett Lake, [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain]], [[White Earth Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|White Earth]], [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's]], Bad River, [[Lac Courte Oreilles Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac Courte Oreilles]], [[Lac du Flambeau Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac du Flambeau]], Keweenaw Bay, [[Fond du Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Fond Du Lac]], Mole Lake, [[Red Cliff Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Red Cliff]], | [[Bay Mills Indian Reservation (Michigan)|Bay Mills]], [[Grand Portage Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Grand Portage]], [[Leech Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Leeck Lake]], [[Mille Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mille Lacs]], [[Red Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Red Lake]], Nett Lake, [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain]], [[White Earth Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|White Earth]], [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's]], Bad River, [[Lac Courte Oreilles Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac Courte Oreilles]], [[Lac du Flambeau Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac du Flambeau]], Keweenaw Bay, [[Fond du Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Fond Du Lac]], Mole Lake, [[Red Cliff Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Red Cliff]], | ||
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National Archives film M234, Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affaris, 1824-1881. Includes 1. 1838 list of Chippewa, Ottawa and Pottawatomie entitled to benefits at the Council Bluffs Agency. (File H571, Roll 215) 2. 1878 lists of heads of families for Pillager and Lake Winnebigoshish Chippewa, (Fild K259, Roll 1166) 3. 1878 lists of heads of families for White Oake, Point and Mississippi Chippewa, (File K266, Roll 166)(source: NAR RR#1002) | National Archives film M234, Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affaris, 1824-1881. Includes 1. 1838 list of Chippewa, Ottawa and Pottawatomie entitled to benefits at the Council Bluffs Agency. (File H571, Roll 215) 2. 1878 lists of heads of families for Pillager and Lake Winnebigoshish Chippewa, (Fild K259, Roll 1166) 3. 1878 lists of heads of families for White Oake, Point and Mississippi Chippewa, (File K266, Roll 166)(source: NAR RR#1002) | ||
==== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg|thumb|right|232x264px | ==== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg|thumb|right|232x264px]]Treaties ==== | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0006.htm 1785] January 21, at Fort McIntosh - Wyandot | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0006.htm 1785] January 21, at Fort McIntosh - Wyandot | ||
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*November 17, 1807, at Detroit - Ottawa | *November 17, 1807, at Detroit - Ottawa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0099.htm 1808] November 25, at Brownstown | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0099.htm 1808] November 25, at Brownstown | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm 1815] September 8, at Spring Wells - Wyandot [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg|thumb|right|217x248px | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm 1815] September 8, at Spring Wells - Wyandot [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg|thumb|right|217x248px]] | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0132.htm 1816] August 24, at St. Louis - Ottawa | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0132.htm 1816] August 24, at St. Louis - Ottawa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm 1817] September 29, on the Miami - Wyandot | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm 1817] September 29, on the Miami - Wyandot | ||