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Chippewa Tribe: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg|thumb|right|180x202px | [[Image:Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg|thumb|right|180x202px]] | ||
[[Image:Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg|thumb|right|183x204px | [[Image:Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg|thumb|right|183x204px]] | ||
To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]] | To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]] | ||
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'''See also:''' [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]] | '''See also:''' [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]] | ||
=== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg|thumb|right|240x260px | === [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg|thumb|right|240x260px]]Tribal Headquarters === | ||
[http://www.glitc.org/ Great Lakes Inter-tribal Council Tribal]'''<br>'''St. Croix Chippewa Community<br>24663 Angeline Avenue - Webster WI 54893<br>Phone: 715-349-2195 - Fax: 715-349-5768<br> | [http://www.glitc.org/ Great Lakes Inter-tribal Council Tribal]'''<br>'''St. Croix Chippewa Community<br>24663 Angeline Avenue - Webster WI 54893<br>Phone: 715-349-2195 - Fax: 715-349-5768<br> | ||
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*'''1855: '''On May 14 and July 31, 1855, a treaty was signed which created Chippewa Reservations in Michigan. In the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, at least 9 (3 were connected) new Chippewa Reservations were created. | *'''1855: '''On May 14 and July 31, 1855, a treaty was signed which created Chippewa Reservations in Michigan. In the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, at least 9 (3 were connected) new Chippewa Reservations were created. | ||
*'''1855: '''On October 17, 1855, the Little Shell Chippewa Blackfeet Reservation was created. It is also known as the [[Judith basin indian reservation]]. Other tribes included are the Blackfeet Chippewa's, Flathead including the Kalispel, Pend d'Orellie, and Spokane all of whom are a mixture of Chippewa and Salish, and the Nez Perce. | *'''1855: '''On October 17, 1855, the Little Shell Chippewa Blackfeet Reservation was created. It is also known as the [[Judith basin indian reservation]]. Other tribes included are the Blackfeet Chippewa's, Flathead including the Kalispel, Pend d'Orellie, and Spokane all of whom are a mixture of Chippewa and Salish, and the Nez Perce. | ||
*'''1859: '''On July 16, 1859, the Swan Creek and Black River Chippewa's, allowed the Munsee to live with them in Kansas. | *'''1859: '''On July 16, 1859, the Swan Creek and Black River Chippewa's, allowed the Munsee to live with them in Kansas. | ||
*'''1859: '''On September 17, 1859, the Bad River Chippewa's of Wisconsin were created a Reservation on Madeline Island. | *'''1859: '''On September 17, 1859, the Bad River Chippewa's of Wisconsin were created a Reservation on Madeline Island. | ||
*'''1860-1908:''' Removed to Indian territory (Oklahoma) with the Munsee to live among the Cherokee.<br> | *'''1860-1908:''' Removed to Indian territory (Oklahoma) with the Munsee to live among the Cherokee.<br> | ||
*'''1860-1885: '''Fought a series of wars against the white invaders in Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Wyoming, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, California, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, New Mexico, Colorado, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Alberta, and Saskatchewan. | *'''1860-1885: '''Fought a series of wars against the white invaders in Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Wyoming, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, California, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, New Mexico, Colorado, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Alberta, and Saskatchewan. | ||
*'''1863: '''On October 2, 1863, the infamous Old Crossing Treaty was signed. Chief's Little Shell III, Red Thunder, and other Chippewa leaders refused to sign this treaty. It ceded Chippewa land in Minnesota and North Dakota. The Chippewa's retained all unceded land. | *'''1863: '''On October 2, 1863, the infamous Old Crossing Treaty was signed. Chief's Little Shell III, Red Thunder, and other Chippewa leaders refused to sign this treaty. It ceded Chippewa land in Minnesota and North Dakota. The Chippewa's retained all unceded land. | ||
*'''1864: '''On May 7, 1864, a new treaty created a much larger Leech Lake Reservation for the Pillager Chippewa's of northern Minnesota. However, 5 Chippewa Reservations to the south were eradicated. | *'''1864: '''On May 7, 1864, a new treaty created a much larger Leech Lake Reservation for the Pillager Chippewa's of northern Minnesota. However, 5 Chippewa Reservations to the south were eradicated. | ||
*'''1864-1865: '''Another large exodus was commenced by the Chippewa's of Kansas during late 1864 and early 1865. Chief Eshtonoquot organized the large exodus. The United States learned about the large number of Indians and blacks migrating to Mexico and sent a force of several hundred of their soldiers to try and halt the exodus. A battle (the Battle of Dove Creek) was fought on January 8, 1865 in northwestern Texas in which the Indians defeated the United States. The exodus continued. They eventually settled down in the Mexican States of Chihuahua and Coahuila. Mexican leaders formed an alliance with the Indians and blacks. They created several very large Reservations for the Indians and blacks in the Mexican States of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sinaloa, and Sonora. | *'''1864-1865: '''Another large exodus was commenced by the Chippewa's of Kansas during late 1864 and early 1865. Chief Eshtonoquot organized the large exodus. The United States learned about the large number of Indians and blacks migrating to Mexico and sent a force of several hundred of their soldiers to try and halt the exodus. A battle (the Battle of Dove Creek) was fought on January 8, 1865 in northwestern Texas in which the Indians defeated the United States. The exodus continued. They eventually settled down in the Mexican States of Chihuahua and Coahuila. Mexican leaders formed an alliance with the Indians and blacks. They created several very large Reservations for the Indians and blacks in the Mexican States of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sinaloa, and Sonora. | ||
*'''1866: '''On April 7, 1866, a treaty ceded Bois Forte Chippewa land in northern Minnesota and created a large Bois Forte (Nett Lake) Chippewa Reservation. | *'''1866: '''On April 7, 1866, a treaty ceded Bois Forte Chippewa land in northern Minnesota and created a large Bois Forte (Nett Lake) Chippewa Reservation. | ||
*'''1867: '''On March 19, 1867, a treaty created the large White Earth Reservation. It is located in northwestern Minnesota. | *'''1867: '''On March 19, 1867, a treaty created the large White Earth Reservation. It is located in northwestern Minnesota. | ||
*'''1868: '''On June 1, 1868, a treaty was signed with Chippewa leaders of Kansas. Chief Eshtonoquot had recently died. After his death, new Chippewa leaders were more willing to relocate. They agreed to relocate to a new Reservation (the Navajo Reservation) in Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. Another treaty was supposedly signed also on June 1, 1868, at Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory which set aside the Navajo Reservation. However, the United States did not ratify (they don't recognize the Navajo Reservation) the June 1, 1868 Treaty signed at Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory. That's why the June 1, 1868 Treaty signed by Chippewa leaders in Kansas, is an important backup. | *'''1868: '''On June 1, 1868, a treaty was signed with Chippewa leaders of Kansas. Chief Eshtonoquot had recently died. After his death, new Chippewa leaders were more willing to relocate. They agreed to relocate to a new Reservation (the Navajo Reservation) in Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. Another treaty was supposedly signed also on June 1, 1868, at Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory which set aside the Navajo Reservation. However, the United States did not ratify (they don't recognize the Navajo Reservation) the June 1, 1868 Treaty signed at Fort Sumner, New Mexico Territory. That's why the June 1, 1868 Treaty signed by Chippewa leaders in Kansas, is an important backup. | ||
*'''1873: '''On March 3, 1873, a treaty created the Pembina Chippewa Reservation of Minnesota. It is supposedly within the boundaries of White Earth Reservation. | *'''1873: '''On March 3, 1873, a treaty created the Pembina Chippewa Reservation of Minnesota. It is supposedly within the boundaries of White Earth Reservation. | ||
*'''1873: '''On August 16, 1873, the Little Shell Chippewa's [[ | *'''1873: '''On August 16, 1873, the Little Shell Chippewa's [[Judith basin indian reservation]] was created. It was located within the boundaries of the original Blackfeet Reservation which was created on October 17, 1855. Supposedly the River Crow were created this Reservation but the Little Shell Chippewa's have long lived in that part of Montana. The Crow supposedly refused to move to the Reservation. | ||
*'''1882: '''On December 21, 1882, the Turtle Mountain Reservation of North Dakota was created. Chief Little Shell III refused to take part in the treaty. | |||
*'''1889: '''On July 8, 1889, the United States refused to honor treaty and allowed Chippewa men in Minnesota of voting age, to vote if they wanted to accept land allotments and have Reservation surplus land sold to the whites. They voted to accept land allotments and have surplus Reservation land sold to whites. The treaty is invalid. The United States did not deal with the Chippewa's on a nation to nation level. Chief's Little Shell III, Red Thunder, and other Chippewa leaders refused to accept this treaty. | |||
*'''1890's''' The Chippewa tribe united with the [[Cree Indians|Cree tribe]]. | *'''1890's''' The Chippewa tribe united with the [[Cree Indians|Cree tribe]]. | ||
*'''1892:''' Chiefs Little Shell III and Red Thunder, refused to sign the illegal McCumber Agreement which was about 11 million acres along the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota, and the vast [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain Reservation in]] the northern plains which was set aside in 1882. | *'''1892:''' Chiefs Little Shell III and Red Thunder, refused to sign the illegal McCumber Agreement which was about 11 million acres along the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota, and the vast [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain Reservation in]] the northern plains which was set aside in 1882. | ||
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National Archives film M234, Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affaris, 1824-1881. Includes 1. 1838 list of Chippewa, Ottawa and Pottawatomie entitled to benefits at the Council Bluffs Agency. (File H571, Roll 215) 2. 1878 lists of heads of families for Pillager and Lake Winnebigoshish Chippewa, (Fild K259, Roll 1166) 3. 1878 lists of heads of families for White Oake, Point and Mississippi Chippewa, (File K266, Roll 166)(source: NAR RR#1002) | National Archives film M234, Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affaris, 1824-1881. Includes 1. 1838 list of Chippewa, Ottawa and Pottawatomie entitled to benefits at the Council Bluffs Agency. (File H571, Roll 215) 2. 1878 lists of heads of families for Pillager and Lake Winnebigoshish Chippewa, (Fild K259, Roll 1166) 3. 1878 lists of heads of families for White Oake, Point and Mississippi Chippewa, (File K266, Roll 166)(source: NAR RR#1002) | ||
==== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg|thumb|right|232x264px | ==== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg|thumb|right|232x264px]]Treaties ==== | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0006.htm 1785] January 21, at Fort McIntosh - Wyandot | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0006.htm 1785] January 21, at Fort McIntosh - Wyandot | ||
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*November 17, 1807, at Detroit - Ottawa | *November 17, 1807, at Detroit - Ottawa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0099.htm 1808] November 25, at Brownstown | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0099.htm 1808] November 25, at Brownstown | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm 1815] September 8, at Spring Wells - Wyandot [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg|thumb|right|217x248px | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm 1815] September 8, at Spring Wells - Wyandot [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg|thumb|right|217x248px]] | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0132.htm 1816] August 24, at St. Louis - Ottawa | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0132.htm 1816] August 24, at St. Louis - Ottawa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm 1817] September 29, on the Miami - Wyandot | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm 1817] September 29, on the Miami - Wyandot | ||