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[[Image:Santuario Novelda.jpg|right|300x290px|Santuario Novelda.jpg]] | |||
This list contains Spanish words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Spanish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.) | |||
Spanish is a Romance language derived from Latin. It is the national language of Spain as well as of most Latin American countries. Spanish is spoken in many parts of the United States, in regions which once were part of Mexico as well as areas where Hispanic immigrants have settled. | |||
=== Language Characteristics === | |||
Spanish words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine or feminine. '''''El''''' (the masculine form of '''''the''''') is used with masculine words. '''''La''''' (the feminine form of '''''the''''') is used with feminine words. Masculine words generally end in '''''o, r, l,''''' and '''''ma'''''. Feminine words generally end in '''''a, ión, tad, dad, tud,''''' and '''''umbre'''''. Nouns which end in '''''or''''' are masculine; an '''''a''''' is added to indicate the feminine version. | |||
Most adjectives used to describe nouns are masculine or feminine. Adjectives which end in '''''o''''' are masculine. Feminine adjectives end in '''''a'''''. For example, the married son would be translated as ''el hijo casado'', while the married daughter would be translated as ''la hija casada''. | |||
==== Variant Forms of Words ==== | |||
In Spanish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. ''Who—whose—whom or marry—marries— married'' are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives the standard form of each Spanish word. As you read Spanish records, you will need to be aware that some words vary with usage. | |||
Plural forms of Spanish words usually add s to the singular noun as well as to the article and adjective. Thus, ''el abuelo materno'' (the maternal grandparent) become ''los abuelos maternos'' (the maternal grandparents). | |||
==== Alphabetical Order ==== | |||
Written Spanish uses three letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet. These are '''ñ''' and the letter combinations '''ch''' and '''ll''', which are considered single letters. The letter '''w''', although not part of the Spanish alphabet, is included since it is found in a few names of foreign origin. The following list shows the letters in alphabetical order: | |||
:a, b, c, ch, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, ll, m, n, ñ, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z | |||
This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. | |||
In Spanish indexes of surnames, it is important to note that prefixes (such as ''De la Torre'') may be ignored in alphabetization. Be sure to search under both parts of a name, for example, ''De la Torre'' and ''Torre, de la''. | |||
==== Accent Marks ==== | |||
Vowels in Spanish can carry an accent mark: '''''á, é, í, ó,''''' and '''''ú'''''. Accent marks do not affect alphabetical order. | |||
==== Spelling ==== | |||
Although Spanish spelling was standardized in the mid-1700s, scribes usually spelled words the way they sounded. Generally, variations between old and modern spellings should not cause too much trouble for the researcher. In Spanish, the following variations are common: | |||
:'''''ch''''' used for '''''c''''' | |||
:'''''e''''' used for '''''i''''' | |||
:'''''j''''' used for '''''g''''' | |||
:'''''j''''' used for '''''x''''' | |||
:'''''j''''' used for '''''i''''' | |||
:'''''y''''' used for '''''i''''' | |||
:the addition or removal of an '''''h''''' | |||
:the doubling of letters | |||
Examples: | |||
:: | |||
{| width="40%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| '''''chrisma <br>excrebir <br>lejítimo <br>Méjico <br>domjngo <br>yndio <br>Henrique <br>religiosso''''' | |||
| | |||
| now written as <br>now written as <br>now written as <br>now written as <br>now written as <br>now written as <br>now written as <br>now written as | |||
| | |||
| '''''crisma <br>escribir <br>legítimo <br>México <br>domingo <br>indio <br>Enrique <br>religioso''''' | |||
|} | |||
<br><br> | |||
=== Additional Resources === | |||
This word list includes only the words ''most commonly found in genealogical sources''. For further help, use a Spanish-English dictionary. Several Spanish-English dictionaries are available at the [[Family History Library|Family History Library]]. These are in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 463.21. | |||
The following dictionary may be helpful in your research: | |||
*''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5029888&referer=brief_results Cassell's Spanish-English, English-Spanish Dictionary]''. New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1978. ({{FHL|497306|title-id|disp=FHL book 463.21 C272c 1978}}.) | |||
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the [[Introduction to the Family History Library Catalog|Family History Library Catalog]] under {{FHL|314015|subject-id|disp=SPANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES}}. Most bookstores also carry inexpensive Spanish-English dictionaries. | |||
=== Key Words === | |||
To find and use specific types of Spanish records, you will need to know some key words in Spanish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Spanish words with the same or similar meanings. | |||
For example, in the first column you will find the English word ''marriage''. In the second column you will find Spanish words with meanings such as ''marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined,'' and other words used in Spanish records to indicate marriage. Variant endings of Spanish words are given in parentheses. | |||
{| border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" style="width: 591px; height: 484px;" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| '''English '''<br>archive <br>baptism <br>birth <br>burial <br>Catholic church <br>census <br>child <br>christening <br>church records <br>civil registry <br>confirmation <br>day <br>death <br>father <br>husband <br>index <br>marriage <br>military <br>month <br>morning <br>mother <br>name, given <br>name, surname <br>parents <br>parish <br>wife <br>year | |||
| '''Spanish <br>'''archivo <br>bautismo, bauticé, bautizado (a), bautismo, crisma <br>nacimiento, nació, nacido (a) <br>entierro, sepultura, entierrado (a), sepultado (a) <br>Iglesia Católica <br>censo, padrón <br>niño (a), hijo (a), párvulo (a), expósito <br>See baptism <br>registros parroquiales <br>Registro Civil <br>confirmación, crisma <br>día <br>muerte, defunción, fallecimiento, óbito, muerto(a), difunto(a), fallecido(a)<br>padre <br>esposo, marido, cónyuge <br>índice <br>matrimonio, casamiento, casé, casado (a) <br>militar, ejército <br>mes <br>mañana <br>madre <br>nombre de pila, nombre de bautismo <br>nombre, apellido <br>padres <br>parroquia <br>esposa, marida, mujer, cónyuge <br>año | |||
|} | |||
=== Racial Terminology === | |||
In colonial Latin America, racial classification was often recorded in the Catholic parish registers and government documents, often with no degree of accuracy. The meaning of some of these terms may vary in some Spanish-speaking countries. | |||
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'''Classification '''<br>Albarazado <br>Albino <br>Allí te estás <br>Barcino <br>Barnocino <br>Calpamulato <br>Cambujo <br>Cambur <br>Castizo <br>Chamizo <br>Chino <br>Cholo <br>Cimarrón <br>Coyote <br>Cuarteado <br>Cuarterón <br>Cuarterón de Chino <br>Cuarterón de Mestize <br>Cuarterón de Mulato <br>Cuatrero <br>Español <br>Español Criollo <br>Indio <br>Jíbaro <br>Ladino <br>Lobo <br>Mestizo <br>Moreno <br>Morisco <br>Mulato | |||
Negro | |||
Negro fino <br>No te entiende <br>No me toques <br>Ochavado <br>Pardo <br>Prieto <br>Quartarón <br>Quinterón <br>Requinterón <br>Salta atrás <br>Tente en el aire <br>Torna atrás <br>Tresalvo <br>Zambaigo <br>Zambo <br>Zambo de Indio | |||
| | |||
'''Racial Composition''' <br>Cambujo and Mulato <br>Spanish and Morisco <br>Chamizo and Mestizo <br>Albarazado and Mulato <br>Albarazado and Mestizo <br>Zambaigo and Lobo <br>Indian (¾) and Negro (¼) <br>Negro (½), Spanish (¼), and Indian (¼) <br>In Puerto Rico: Mestizo and Spanish. In Guatemala: Spanish and Indian (1/128) <br>Coyote and Indian <br>In Peru: Mulato and Indian <br>In Peru: Mestizo and Indian <br>In Mexico and Guatemala: Negro (½), Spanish (¼), and Indian (¼) <br>Spanish (½), Indian (3/8), and Negro (1/8) <br>Spanish (½), Indian (¼), and Negro (¼) <br>Spanish (¾) and Negro (¼) <br>In Peru: Spanish and Chino <br>In Peru: Spanish and Mestizo <br>In Peru: Spanish and Mulato <br>Indian (¾) and Spanish (¼) <br>Spanish <br>Colonial-born Spaniard <br>Indian <br>Lobo and Indian <br>Spanish (¾) and Indian (¼) <br>Indian (¾) and Negro (¼) <br>Spanish (½) and Indian (½) <br>Spanish (½), Indian (¼), and Negro (¼) <br>Spanish and Mulato. In Spain: a baptized Moor <br>Spanish (½) and Negro (½). In Chile and Colombia: can be Indian and Negro | |||
African Black | |||
Negro (¾) and Spanish (¼) <br>Tente en el aire and Mulato <br>Mixture of Spanish, Indian, and Negro <br>Spanish (7/8) and Negro (1/8) <br>Indian (½), Spanish (¼), and Negro (¼) <br>Negro (7/8) and Spanish (1/8) <br>See Cuarterón <br>In Peru: Spanish and Cuarterón <br>In Peru: Spanish and Quinterón <br>Spanish and Albino <br>Calpamulato and Cambujo <br>No te entiende and Indian <br>Spanish (¾) and Negro (¼) <br>Spanish and Chino <br>In Peru: Negro and Mulato. In Venezuela: Indian (½) and Negro (½) <br>In Peru: Negro (½) and Indian (½) | |||
|} | |||
=== General Word List === | |||
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections prior to this list. Racial terminology is listed separately. | |||
In this list, optional versions of Spanish words or variable endings (such as adjectives and some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Parentheses in the English column clarify the definition. | |||
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==== A ==== | |||
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| '''Spanish''' <br>a <br>Aa.M. = abuela materna <br>Aa.P. = abuela paterna <br>abogado <br>abril <br>absceso <br>abuela <br>abuelo <br>abuelos <br>acre <br>acta <br>acuerdo <br>administración <br>adoptado (a) <br>adulterio <br>adúltero (a) <br>agosto <br>agricultor <br>ahí <br>ahogamiento <br>albacea <br>albañil <br>alcalde <br>aldea <br>alemán (a) <br>alfarero <br>algodón <br>algún (o, a) <br>alma <br>alquiler, renta <br>alto (a) <br>altura <br>allá <br>allí <br>amanuense <br>amarillo (a) <br>ambos (as) <br>amigo (a) <br>amo <br>amonestaciones <br>anciano (a) <br>aniversario <br>antepasado (a) <br>anterior <br>antes <br>antiguo (a) <br>anual <br>anuario <br>año <br>aparecer <br>apellido <br>apéndice <br>apodo <br>apostólico (a) <br>aprendiz <br>aproximado (a) <br>aquel (la) <br>aquí <br>árbol <br>árbol genealógico <br>archivo <br>arrendamiento <br>arzobispo <br>ascendiente <br>asilo <br>asma <br>aún <br>auto de fé <br>ayer <br>ayuntamiento <br>azúcar <br>azul | |||
| '''English''' <br>to, in, into, on <br>maternal grandmother <br> paternal grandmother <br> lawyer <br>April <br>abscess <br>grandmother <br>grandfather <br>grandparents <br>acre <br>document, record <br>agreement <br>administration <br>adopted <br>adultery <br>adulterer <br>August <br>farmer <br>there <br>drowning <br>executor of estate <br>stonemason <br>mayor <br>village <br>German <br>potter <br>cotton <br>some, someone <br>soul, inhabitant <br>rent <br>high, tall <br>height <br>there <br>there <br>scribe, clerk <br>yellow <br>both <br>friend <br>master, owner <br>marriage banns <br>elderly <br>anniversary <br>ancestor <br>former, previous <br>before <br>old, ancient <br>annual <br>yearbook <br>year <br>to appear <br>surname <br>appendix <br>nickname <br>apostolic <br>apprentice <br>approximate <br>that <br>here <br>tree <br>genealogical tree <br>archive <br>rent <br>archbishop <br>ancestor <br>asylum, shelter <br>asthma <br>still <br>sentence given by the Inquisition <br>yesterday <br>city hall, town government <br>sugar <br>blue | |||
|} | |||
==== B ==== | |||
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| bajo (a) <br>barco <br>barrio <br>bautismo <br>bautizar <br>bebé <br>bendición <br>biblioteca <br>bien <br>bienes <br>bisabuela <br>bisabuelo <br>bisabuelos <br>bisnieta <br>bisnieto <br>bisnietos <br>blanco (a) <br>boca <br>boda <br>brazo <br>bueno (a) <br>búsqueda | |||
| low <br>ship <br>city ward <br>baptism <br>to baptize <br>baby <br>blessing <br>library <br>good, well <br>property, goods, fee <br>great-grandmother <br>great-grandfather <br>great-grandparents <br>great-granddaughter <br>great-grandson <br>great-grandchildren <br>white <br>mouth <br>marriage, wedding <br>arm <br>good <br>research | |||
|} | |||
==== C ==== | |||
{| width="60%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| caballero <br>cabeza <br>cabildo <br>calle <br>camino <br>campesino (a) <br>campo <br>cáncer <br>caña de azúcar <br>capilla <br>cara <br>cárcel <br>carnicero <br>carpintero <br>carretera <br>casa <br>casado (a) <br>casamiento <br>casar, casarse <br>casta <br>castillo <br>catastro <br>catedral <br>católico (a) <br>catorce <br>cazador <br>c.c. = casado con <br>cédula <br>cementerio <br>censo <br>centenario <br>cerca <br>cerrajero <br>certificado <br>cervecero <br>ciego (a) <br>ciento <br>cinco <br>cincuenta <br>ciudad <br>ciudadano (a) <br>clérigo <br>c.m.c.=contrajó matrimonio con <br>cofradía <br>cojo (a) <br>colina <br>colonia <br>colorado (a) <br>comerciante <br>comercio <br>como <br>comunión <br>con <br>concejal <br>concerniente <br>concilio <br>concilio tridentino <br>condado <br>conocido (a) <br>conocido (a) como <br>consanguinidad <br>consejo <br>consorte <br>constipación <br>consumimiento <br>contenido <br>contra <br>contrayente <br>conversión <br>convulsión <br>cónyuge <br>cordelero <br>corriente <br>cosecha <br>criada <br>criatura <br>cristiano (a) <br>cuál <br>cuándo <br>cuarenta <br>cuarto <br>cuarto (a) <br>cuate <br>cuatro <br>cuatrocientos <br>cuenta <br>cumpleaños <br>cuñada <br>cuñado <br>cura <br>curato <br>curia <br>curtidor <br>cuyo (a) | |||
| nobleman, gentleman <br>head <br>town council <br>street <br>road <br>peasant <br>field <br>cancer <br>sugarcane <br>chapel <br>face <br>jail <br>butcher <br>carpenter <br>road <br>house <br>married <br>marriage <br>to marry <br>caste, racial lineage <br>castle <br>land census <br>cathedral <br>Catholic <br>fourteen <br>hunter <br>married to <br>royal decree <br>cemetery <br>census <br>centennial <br>near, approximate <br>locksmith <br>certificate <br>brewer <br>blind <br>one hundred <br>five <br>fifty <br>city <br>citizen <br>clergyman <br>contracted marriage with <br>religious brotherhood, guild <br>lame <br>hill <br>colony <br>red <br>merchant <br>business, commerce <br>as, how <br>communion <br>with <br>councilman <br>concerning <br>council <br>Council of Trent <br>county <br>known, acquaintance <br>known as <br>blood relationship, kinship <br>council <br>spouse, partner <br>constipation <br>consumption <br>contents <br>against <br>contracting party in a marriage <br>conversion <br>convulsion <br>spouse <br>rope maker <br>current <br>harvest <br>maid <br>infant, child <br>Christian <br>which <br>when <br>forty <br>room <br>fourth <br>twin <br>four <br>four hundred <br>account <br>birthday <br>sister-in-law <br>brother-in-law <br>clergyman <br>parish <br>ecclesiastical tribunal <br>tanner <br>whose | |||
|} | |||
==== D ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
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| data <br>de <br>debilidad <br>década <br>décimo (a) <br>décimoctavo (a) <br>décimocuarto (a) <br>décimonono (a) <br>décimoquinto (a) <br>décimo séptimo (a) <br>décimosexto (a) <br>décimotercero (a) <br>declaración <br>declarado (a) <br>dedo <br>defunción <br>dentición <br>dentro <br>denuncia <br>departamento <br>derecho <br>derrame <br>desacuerdo <br>desavenencia <br>descendiente <br>desconocido (a) <br>descripción <br>desde <br>después <br>detrás <br>diario <br>diarrea <br>diccionario <br>diciembre <br>dicho (a) <br>diecinueve <br>dieciocho <br>dieciseis <br>diecisiete <br>diente <br>diez <br>diezmo <br>difo. = difunto <br>difunto (a) <br>digno (a) <br>diócesis <br>disenteria <br>dispensa <br>divorciado (a) <br>doce <br>documento <br>domicilio <br>domingo <br>don <br>donación <br>donde <br>doña <br>dos <br>doscientos <br>d.s.p. = defunctus sine prole <br>dueño (a) <br>duodécimo | |||
| date <br>of, from, belonging to <br>weakness, disability <br>decade <br>tenth <br>eighteenth <br>fourteenth <br>nineteenth <br>fifteenth <br>seventeenth <br>sixteenth <br>thirteenth <br>declaration <br>declared, stated <br>finger <br>death <br>teething <br>within <br>accusation, denunciation <br>district, department <br>law <br>stroke <br>disagreement <br>descendant <br>unknown <br>description <br>since <br>after <br>after, behind <br>daily <br>diarrhea <br>dictionary <br>December <br>stated, said, mentioned <br>nineteen <br>sixteen <br>seventeen <br>tooth <br>ten <br>tithing <br>deceased <br>deceased <br>worthy <br>dysentery <br>exemption, permission <br>divorced <br>twelve <br>document <br>dwelling <br>Sunday <br>Mr. <br>donation <br>where <br>Mrs. <br>two <br>two hundred <br> <br>died without issue <br>owner <br>twelfth | |||
|} | |||
==== E ==== | |||
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| eclesiástico (a) <br>edad <br>ejército <br>él <br>el <br>ella <br>ellos <br>embarazada <br>emigración <br>emigrante <br>empleado (a) <br>encomienda <br>enero <br>enfermedad <br>entierrado (a) <br>entierro <br>entre <br>envejecido (a) <br>epidemia <br>epilepsia <br>era <br>éramos <br>eran <br>eras <br>eres <br>es <br>escarlata <br>esclavitud <br>esclavo <br>escribiente <br>escuela <br>ese (esa) <br>esposo (a) <br>espurio (a) <br>está <br>estación <br>estado <br>estamos <br>están <br>estar <br>este <br>este (a, o) <br>estómago <br>estoy <br>evangélico (a) <br>expósito (a) <br>extracto <br>extranjero (a) <br>extraño (a) | |||
| ecclesiastical <br>age <br>army, military <br>he <br>the (masculine) <br>she <br>they <br>pregnant <br>emigration <br>emigrant <br>employee <br>patronage, land grant <br>January <br>disease <br>buried <br>burial <br>between, among <br>elderly <br>epidemic <br>epilepsy <br>(I, you, he, she, it) was/were <br>(we) were <br>(you, they) were <br>(you) were <br>(you) are <br>(you, he, she, it) are/is <br>scarlet fever <br>slavery <br>slave <br>scribe <br>school <br>that <br>husband, spouse (spouse) <br>illegitimate <br>(you, he, she, it) are/is <br>season <br>state, status <br>(we) are <br>(they, you) are <br>to be <br>east <br>this <br>stomach <br>(I) am <br>evangelical <br>foundling <br>extract <br>foreigner <br>stranger | |||
|} | |||
==== F ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| fábrica <br>fallecer <br>fallecido (a) <br>familia <br>fé <br>febrero <br>fecha <br>feligrés (a) <br>feligresía <br>femenino (a) <br>ferrocarril <br>feudo <br>fichero <br>fiebre tifoidea <br>filiación <br>finado (a) <br>firma <br>flaqueza <br>floresta <br>fondos <br>fortaleza <br>francés (a) <br>frente <br>frontera <br>fue <br>fuego <br>fuente <br>fueron <br>fui <br>fuimos <br>futuro | |||
| factory <br>to die <br>deceased <br>family <br>certificate, faith <br>February <br>date <br>parishioner, resident <br>parish <br>feminine <br>railroad <br>fee <br>card file <br>typhoid fever <br>relationship, military register <br>deceased <br>signature <br>weakness <br>forest, grove <br>funds <br>fortress, strength <br>French <br>front, in front of <br>border <br>(you, he, she, it) were/was <br>fire, hearth <br>fountain, source <br>(you, they) were <br>(I) was <br>(we) were <br>future | |||
|} | |||
==== G ==== | |||
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|- | |||
| gacetero <br>ganado <br>gemelo (a) <br>gemelos (as) <br>genealogía <br>gente <br>gota <br>grande <br>gremio <br>gripe <br>guarda <br>guía | |||
| gazetteer <br>cattle <br>twin <br>twins <br>genealogy <br>people <br>gout <br>great, large <br>brotherhood, guild <br>influenza <br>guard, warden <br>directory, guidebook | |||
|} | |||
==== H ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| h. = hijo <br>hacienda <br>hecho (a) <br>hembra <br>hemorragia <br>heráldica <br>heredero (a) <br>herencia <br>hermana <br>hermandad <br>hermano <br>hermanos <br>herrero <br>hidalgo <br>hidropesía <br>hija <br>hijastra <br>hijastro <br>hijo <br>hijodalgo <br>hijos <br>hinchazón <br>historia <br>h.l. = hijo legítimo <br>h.n. = hijo natural <br>hogar <br>hoja <br>hoja de lámina <br>holandés (a) <br>hombre <br>honesto (a) <br>hora <br>hospedero <br>huérfano (a) | |||
| son <br>estate, farm <br>completed, done <br>female <br>bleeding <br>heraldry <br>heir <br>inheritance <br>sister <br>fraternity <br>brother <br>brothers, siblings <br>blacksmith <br>nobleman <br>dropsy <br>daughter <br>stepdaughter <br>stepson, stepchild <br>on, child <br>nobleman <br>sons, children <br>swelling <br>history <br>legitimate child <br>illegitimate child <br>home <br>page <br>plate (book) <br>Dutch <br>man, husband <br>honest <br>hour <br>innkeeper <br>orphan | |||
|} | |||
==== I ==== | |||
{| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| I <br>i. = ilegítimo <br>ictericia <br>idioma <br>iglesia <br>Iglesia Católica <br>ilegítimo (a) <br>ill. = ilegítimo <br>impedimento <br>imperio <br>impuesto <br>incógnito (a) <br>índice <br>indígena <br>indigente <br>información matrimonial <br>infrascrito (a) <br>inglés (a) <br>inmigración <br>inmigrante <br>inmoble <br>inmueble <br>ino. = indio <br>intendente <br>intestado (a) <br>intestinos <br>invierno <br>italiano (a) | |||
| and <br>illegitimate <br>jaundice <br>language <br>church <br>Catholic Church <br>illegitimate <br>illegitimate <br>impediment <br>empire <br>tax <br>unknown <br>index <br>indigenous, native, Indian <br>indigent <br>papers relating to a marriage, including banns, declarations, baptismal records, consents, etc. <br>undersigned <br>English <br>immigration <br>immigrant <br>real estate <br>real estate <br>Indian <br>mayor <br>intestate <br>intestines <br>winter <br>Italian | |||
|} | |||
==== J ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| jardinero <br>jesuita <br>jornalero <br>jubilado <br>judío (a) <br>jueves <br>julio <br>junio <br>junto <br>jurado <br>juros | |||
| gardener <br>Jesuit <br>journeyman <br>retired <br>Jewish <br>Thursday <br>July <br>June <br>together <br>juryman <br>annuities, pensions | |||
|} | |||
==== L ==== | |||
{| width="70%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| l., leg. = legítimo <br>la <br>labrador <br>ladrillero <br>lago <br>lechero <br>legajo <br>legal <br>legítimo (a) <br>lengua <br>levante <br>ley <br>liberto (a) <br>libro <br>licencia <br>lícito (a) <br>limosna <br>limpieza de sangre <br>lugar <br>lunes | |||
| legitimate <br>the (feminine) <br>farmer, peasant <br>brick mason, bricklayer <br>lake <br>dairyman <br>bundle of related documents <br>legal <br>legitimate <br>language, tongue <br>east <br>law <br>freed slave <br>book <br>permission <br>legal <br>alms <br>purity of blood, indicating pure Catholic ancestry <br>place <br>Monday | |||
|} | |||
==== M ==== | |||
{| width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| macho <br>madrasta <br>madre <br>madrina <br>maestro <br>maíz <br>mano <br>mañana <br>mapa <br>marido (a) <br>marina <br>marinero <br>martes <br>marzo <br>más <br>masculino (a) <br>más joven <br>más viejo (a) <br>materno (a) <br>matrimonio <br>mayo <br>mayor <br>media noche <br>médico <br>mendigo (a) <br>menonita <br>menor <br>menos <br>mercadería <br>mercado <br>mercante <br>mes <br>mestizo <br>mi <br>miembro <br>miércoles <br>mil <br>milla <br>mina <br>minero <br>ministro <br>mío (a) <br>mismo (a) <br>mitad <br>m.n. = more novo <br>molino <br>montaña <br>monte <br>montero <br>morada <br>morador (a) <br>morar <br>morir <br>mozo (a) <br>muchacho (a) <br>muchas veces <br>mucho (a) <br>mudo (a) <br>muebles <br>muerte <br>muerto (a) <br>mujer <br>mulato (a) <br>municipio | |||
| male <br>stepmother <br>mother <br>godmother <br>master, teacher <br>corn <br>hand <br>morning <br>map <br>husband (wife) <br>navy <br>sailor <br>Tuesday <br>March <br>more <br>masculine <br>youngest <br>eldest <br>maternal <br>marriage <br>May <br>larger, elder <br>midnight <br>doctor <br>beggar <br>Mennonite <br>smaller, younger <br>less <br>wares, goods <br>market <br>merchant <br>month <br>mixture of Spanish and Indian <br>my <br>member <br>Wednesday <br>one thousand <br>mile <br>mine <br>miner <br>minister <br>my <br>same <br>half <br>according to the new manner of dating (the Gregorian calendar) <br>mill <br>mountain <br>hill <br>hunter <br>dwelling <br>resident <br>to live (location) <br>to die <br>youth, young <br>boy, (girl) <br>often <br>many, very <br>dumb <br>furniture, household <br>death <br>deceased <br>woman, wife <br>mulatto <br>municipality | |||
|} | |||
==== N ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| n. = nació, nacido <br>n. = nombre <br>nac. = nacido <br>nacer <br>nacido (a) <br>nacido (a) muerto (a) <br>nacimiento <br>nariz <br>natural <br>natural de <br>nave <br>navio <br>negocio <br>negro (a) <br>nene <br>nieta <br>nieto <br>nietos <br>ningún (o, a) <br>niño (a) <br>no <br>no. = número <br>noble <br>nobleza <br>noche <br>nombre <br>nombre de pila <br>nono (a) <br>norte <br>nosotros <br>notario <br>novecientos <br>noveno (a) <br>noventa <br>novia <br>noviembre <br>novio <br>novios <br>nuera <br>nuestro (a) <br>nueve <br>nuevo (a) <br>num. = número <br>número <br>nunca <br>nupcias | |||
| born <br>name <br>born <br>to be born <br>born <br>stillborn <br>birth <br>nose <br>natural, illegitimate <br>native of <br>ship <br>ship <br>business <br>black <br>baby <br>granddaughter <br>grandson <br>grandchildren <br>none, not one <br>child <br>no <br>number <br>noble <br>nobility <br>night <br>name <br>given or Christian name <br>ninth <br>north <br>we <br>notary <br>nine hundred <br>ninth <br>ninety <br>bride, fiancée <br>November <br>groom, fiancé <br>betrothed <br>daughter-in-law <br>our <br>nine <br>new <br>number <br>number <br>never <br>marriage, wedding | |||
|} | |||
==== O ==== | |||
{| width="55%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| o <br>obispado <br>obispo <br>óbito <br>obligación <br>obrero <br>observaciones <br>occidente <br>octavo (a) <br>octubre <br>ochenta <br>ocho <br>ochocientos <br>oeste <br>oferta <br>oficio <br>ojo <br>óleo <br>once <br>onomástico (a) <br>operario <br>oración <br>oreja <br>orfanato <br>oriente <br>original de <br>oro <br>o.s.p. = obiit sine prole <br>otoño <br>otro (a) | |||
| or <br>bishopric <br>bishop <br>death <br>obligation <br>worker, laborer <br>comments, marginal notes <br>west <br>eighth <br>October <br>eighty <br>eight <br>eight hundred <br>west <br>offering <br>office <br>eye <br>oil <br>eleven <br>onomastic (referring to names) <br>worker, laborer <br>prayer <br>ear <br>orphanage <br>east <br>native of <br>gold <br>died without issue <br>autumn <br>other, another | |||
|} | |||
==== P ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| padrasto <br>padre <br>padres <br>padrino <br>padrinos <br>padrón <br>pag. = página <br>país <br>palacio <br>panadero <br>para <br>pardo (a) <br>parentesco <br>pariente <br>párroco <br>parroquia <br>parroquiano (a) <br>partera <br>partida <br>parto <br>párvulo (a) <br>pasado <br>pastor <br>paterno (a) <br>patrimonio <br>patrón <br>pd. = padre <br>penitenciaria <br>periódico <br>permiso <br>pero <br>pescador <br>peso <br>peste <br>pie <br>pierna <br>plaga <br>plata <br>plaza <br>plazo <br>pleitos <br>población <br>poblado <br>polaco (a) <br>por <br>por qué <br>porque <br>portugués <br>posada <br>posadero <br>preñada <br>presente <br>primavera <br>primero (a) <br>primo (a) <br>prisión <br>proceso <br>profesión <br>profesor (a) <br>progenitor <br>prole <br>propiedad <br>propietario <br>protestante <br>protocolos <br>provincia <br>próximo (a) <br>pueblo <br>puente <br>puerto <br>pulmón <br>pulmonia | |||
| stepfather <br>father, priest <br>parents <br>godfather <br>godparents <br>census, list of persons <br>page <br>country <br>palace <br>baker <br>for, to <br>dark, mulatto <br>kinship <br>relative <br>priest <br>parish <br>parishioner <br>midwife <br>act, certificate <br>birth <br>small child <br>past <br>pastor, minister, shepherd <br>paternal <br>inheritance <br>master, employer <br>father <br>penitentiary <br>periodical, newspaper <br>permission <br>but <br>fisherman <br>weight <br>plague <br>foot <br>leg <br>plague <br>silver <br>public square <br>term <br>lawsuit, court action <br>population, town, village <br>town, village <br>Polish <br>by, for <br>why <br>because <br>Portuguese <br>hostel, shelter <br>innkeeper <br>pregnant <br>present <br>spring <br>first <br>cousin <br>prison <br>trial, lawsuit <br>profession <br>teacher <br>progenitor <br>progeny <br>property, land <br>proprietor, owner <br>Protestant <br>notarial books <br>province <br>next <br>town, village, people <br>bridge <br>port <br>lung <br>pneumonia | |||
|} | |||
==== Q ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| que <br>quien <br>quince <br>quinientos <br>quinto (a) <br>quizás | |||
| that, what <br>who, whom <br>fifteen <br>five hundred <br>fifth <br>maybe | |||
|} | |||
==== R ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| rancho <br>real <br>rebusca <br>reconocimiento <br>regidor <br>registro civil <br>registros <br>registros civiles <br>reina <br>reino <br>religión <br>renta <br>residencia <br>residente <br>retirado (a) <br>retiramiento <br>retrato <br>rey <br>rezo <br>río <br>rito <br>rojo (a) <br>rostro <br>ruso (a) | |||
| ranch <br>royal <br>research <br>recognition, acknowledgment <br>alderman, prefect <br>civil registry <br>records, registers <br>civil records, vital records <br>queen <br>kingdom <br>religion <br>rent <br>residence <br>resident <br>retired <br>retirement <br>portrait <br>king <br>prayer <br>river <br>rite <br>red <br>face <br>Russian | |||
|} | |||
==== S ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| s. = señor <br>sábado <br>sacerdote <br>sacristán <br>sagrado (a) <br>sala <br>san <br>sangradura <br>santo (a) <br>santos óleos <br>sarampión <br>sastre <br>segundo (a) <br>seis <br>seiscientos <br>semana <br>separado (a) <br>septiembre <br>séptimo (a) <br>sepulcro <br>sepultado (a) <br>sepultura <br>ser <br>servicio <br>sesenta <br>setecientos <br>setenta <br>sexo <br>sexto (a) <br>sí <br>si <br>siempre <br>sierra <br>siete <br>siglo <br>sirviente <br>sitio <br>sn. = san <br>sobre <br>sobrenombre <br>sobreviviente <br>sobrina <br>sobrino <br>sociedad <br>solar <br>soldado <br>solemnemente <br>solo <br>soltero (a) <br>somos <br>son <br>sordo (a) <br>soy <br>su (suyo, suya) <br>sud <br>sueco (a) <br>suegra <br>suegro <br>suizo (a) <br>sur | |||
| sir, mister <br>Saturday <br>priest <br>sexton <br>sacred, holy <br>room <br>saint <br>bleeding <br>holy, sacred, saint <br>holy oil <br>measles <br>tailor <br>second <br>six <br>six hundred <br>week <br>separate <br>September <br>seventh <br>grave, sepulchre <br>buried <br>grave, sepulchre <br>to be <br>service, donations <br>sixty <br>seven hundred <br>seventy <br>sex, gender <br>sixth <br>yes <br>if, whether <br>always <br>mountain range <br>seven <br>century <br>servant <br>place, site <br>saint <br>about, above, concerning <br>surname, nickname <br>surviving <br>niece <br>nephew <br>society <br>manor house <br>soldier <br>solemnly <br>only <br>single <br>(we) are <br>(they, you) are <br>deaf <br>(I) am <br>your, his, her, their <br>south <br>Swedish <br>mother-in-law <br>father-in-law <br>Swiss <br>south | |||
|} | |||
==== T ==== | |||
{| width="50%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| talabartero <br>tal vez <br>también <br>tarde <br>tejedor <br>temprano <br>tenemos <br>tener <br>tengo <br>tercero (a) <br>terreno <br>testamento <br>testigo <br>testimonio <br>tía <br>tiempo <br>tiene <br>tienen <br>tintorero <br>tío <br>título <br>todavía <br>todos (as) <br>tomo <br>tonelero <br>tos <br>tos ferina <br>trabajador <br>trece <br>treinta <br>treinta y uno <br>tres <br>trescientos <br>tribunal <br>trigésimo (a) <br>trigésimo primero (a) <br>trigo <br>tuberculosis <br>tumba <br>tumor <br>tutela <br>tutelas | |||
| leather worker <br>maybe <br>also <br>afternoon, late <br>weaver <br>early <br>(we) have <br>to have <br>(I) have <br>third <br>tract of land, field <br>will <br>witness <br>testimony <br>aunt <br>time <br>(you, he, she, it) has <br>(you, they) have <br>dyer <br>uncle <br>title <br>still <br>all, everyone <br>volume <br>cooper <br>cough <br>whooping cough <br>worker, laborer <br>thirteen <br>thirty <br>thirty-one <br>three <br>three hundred <br>court <br>thirtieth <br>thirty-first <br>wheat <br>tuberculosis <br>tomb, grave <br>tumor <br>guardianship <br>records of orphans | |||
|} | |||
==== U ==== | |||
{| width="30%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| último (a) <br>un (uno, una) <br>undécimo (a) | |||
| last <br>one <br>eleventh | |||
|} | |||
==== V ==== | |||
{| width="60%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| valle <br>varón <br>vecindad <br>vecino (a) <br>veinte <br>veinte y cinco, <br>veinte y cuatro <br>veinte y dos <br>veinte y nueve <br>veinte y ocho <br>veinte y seis <br>veinte y siete <br>veinte y tres <br>veinte y uno <br>veinticinco <br>veinticuatro <br>veintidos <br>veintinueve <br>veintiocho <br>veintiseis <br>veintisiete <br>veintitres <br>veintiuno <br>velación <br>vender <br>verano <br>verde <br>vez <br>viejo (a) <br>viernes <br>vigésimo <br>vigésimo cuarto (a) <br>vigésimo nono (a) <br>vigésimo octavo (a) <br>vigésimo primero (a) <br>vigésimo quinto (a) <br>vigésimo segundo (a) <br>vigésimo séptimo (a) <br>vigésimo sexto (a) <br>vigésimo tercero (a) <br>villa <br>viña <br>viñedo <br>viruelas <br>viudo (a) <br>vivir <br>vivo (a) <br>volumen | |||
| valley <br>male <br>neighborhood <br>neighbor, citizen <br>twenty <br>twenty-five <br>twenty-four <br>twenty-two <br>twenty-nine <br>twenty-eight <br>twenty-six <br>twenty-seven <br>twenty-three <br>twenty-one <br>twenty-five <br>twenty-four <br>twenty-two <br>twenty-nine <br>twenty-eight <br>twenty-six <br>twenty-seven <br>twenty-three <br>twenty-one <br>veiling ceremony of bride and groom <br>to sell <br>summer <br>green <br>time, turn, occasion <br>elderly <br>Friday <br>twentieth <br>twenty-fourth <br>twenty-ninth <br>twenty-eighth <br>twenty-first <br>twenty-fifth <br>twenty-second <br>twenty-seventh <br>twenty-sixth <br>twenty-third <br>village, town <br>vineyard <br>vineyard <br>smallpox <br>widower, widow <br>to live <br>alive <br>volume | |||
|} | |||
==== Y ==== | |||
{| width="30%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| y <br>yerno <br>yo | |||
| and <br>son-in-law <br>I | |||
|} | |||
==== Z ==== | |||
{| width="30%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | |||
|- | |||
| zapatero | |||
| shoemaker | |||
|} | |||
<br> | |||
'''Wiki articles describing online collections are found at:''' | |||
*[[Spain, Cadastre of Marquis of Ensenade (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain, Cadastre of the Marquis of Ensenada (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | |||
*[[Spain, Cadiz Passports (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain, Cadiz Passports (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | |||
*[[Spain Catholic Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain Catholic Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | |||
*[[Spain, Consular Records of Spaniard Emigrants (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain, Consular Records of Spaniard Emigrants (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | |||
*[[Spain Baptisms (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain Baptisms (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | |||
*[[Spain Deaths (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain Deaths (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | |||
*[[Spain Marriages (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain Marriages (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | |||
<br> | |||
[[Category:Word_List|Spanish]] [[Category:Spain|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Andorra|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Argentina|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Belize|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Bolivia|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Brazil|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Chile|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Colombia|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Costa_Rica|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Cuba|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Ecuador|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:El_Salvador|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Guam|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Guatemala|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Honduras|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Mexico|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Micronesia,_Federated_States_of|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Nicaragua|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Northern_Mariana_Islands|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Panama|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Paraguay|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Peru|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Philippines|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Puerto_Rico|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:United_States|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Uruguay|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Venezuela|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Western_Sahara|Spanish Genealogy]] | |||