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Maryland History: Difference between revisions
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The following important events in the history of [[Portal:Maryland|Maryland]] affected political jurisdictions, record keeping, and family movements. | The following important events in the history of [[Portal:Maryland|Maryland]] affected political jurisdictions, record keeping, and family movements. | ||
'''1632''' The King of England granted a charter for a colony where British Roman Catholics could settle in North America between [[Portal:Virginia|Virginia]] and what would become [[Portal:Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]].<ref>James McSherry, ''History of Maryland from Its First Settlement in 1634 to the Year 1848'' (Balitmore: John Murphy, 1849), 22-25. Digitized in 2006 by Google Book at http://books.google.com/books?id=K7AcFOAF_9cC&dq (accessed 12 February 2009).</ref> The charter was granted to Cecilius Calvert, (Lord Baltimore). | '''1632''' The King of England granted a charter for a colony where British Roman Catholics could settle in North America between [[Portal:Virginia|Virginia]] and what would become [[Portal:Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]].<ref>James McSherry, ''History of Maryland from Its First Settlement in 1634 to the Year 1848'' (Balitmore: John Murphy, 1849), 22-25. Digitized in 2006 by Google Book at http://books.google.com/books?id=K7AcFOAF_9cC&amp;amp;amp;dq (accessed 12 February 2009).</ref> The charter was granted to Cecilius Calvert, (Lord Baltimore). | ||
'''1632-1691''', and '''1715-1776''' Maryland was a [[P genealogical glossary terms|proprietary]] colony. The Calvert family proprietors (and Governor's Council) issued land grants to entice settlers to the colony before 1680. Starting in 1680 they changed to a [[United States. United-States - Land and Property- Land Terms & Definitions|headrights]] system.<ref> John Leeds Bozman, ''History of Maryland from Its First Settlement in 1633 to the Restoration in 1660'' (Baltimore: James Lucas & E.K. Deaver, 1837) [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=187462&disp=The+history+of+Maryland%20%20&columns=*,0,0 [FHL book 975.2 H2bj]], 2: 9-22. Digitized by [http://books.google.com/books?id=VMULAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22history+of+maryland%22#PPA3,M1 Google Books]. </ref> For more details see the [[Maryland Land and Property|Maryland Land and Property]] page. | '''1632-1691''', and '''1715-1776''' Maryland was a [[P genealogical glossary terms|proprietary]] colony. The Calvert family proprietors (and Governor's Council) issued land grants to entice settlers to the colony before 1680. Starting in 1680 they changed to a [[United States. United-States - Land and Property- Land Terms & Definitions|headrights]] system.<ref> John Leeds Bozman, ''History of Maryland from Its First Settlement in 1633 to the Restoration in 1660'' (Baltimore: James Lucas &amp;amp; E.K. Deaver, 1837) [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&amp;amp;titleno=187462&amp;amp;disp=The+history+of+Maryland%20%20&amp;amp;columns=*,0,0 [FHL book 975.2 H2bj]], 2: 9-22. Digitized by [http://books.google.com/books?id=VMULAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;dq=%22history+of+maryland%22#PPA3,M1 Google Books]. </ref> For more details see the [[Maryland Land and Property|Maryland Land and Property]] page. | ||
'''1634:''' The ships ''Ark'' and ''Dove'' brought about 200 Catholic and a few Protestant [[England|English settlers]] to the Western Shore of the Chesapeake Bay, where [[St. Mary's County, Maryland|St. Mary's County]] was established.<ref>McSherry, 25-33.</ref> | '''1634:''' The ships ''Ark'' and ''Dove'' brought about 200 Catholic and a few Protestant [[England|English settlers]] to the Western Shore of the Chesapeake Bay, where [[St. Mary's County, Maryland|St. Mary's County]] was established.<ref>McSherry, 25-33.</ref> | ||
'''1634-:''' Virginia leaders refused to recognize the Maryland charter and continued to sell-off Maryland land on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula Delmarva Peninsula]. This resulted in decades of border conflicts and uncertain land and tax claims, and attempts by Virginians to incite Indians against Maryland. | '''1634-:''' Virginia leaders refused to recognize the Maryland charter and continued to sell-off Maryland land on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula Delmarva Peninsula]. This resulted in decades of border conflicts and uncertain land and tax claims, and attempts by Virginians to incite Indians against Maryland.<ref>Reginald V. Truitt, and Millard G. Les Callette, ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3016672&amp;amp;referer=brief_results Worcester County Maryland’s Arcadia]'' (Snow Hill, Md.: Worcester County Historical Society, 1977), 23-24, 33. [[http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&amp;titleno=258278&amp;disp=Worcester+County%2C+Maryland%27s+Arcadia%20%20&amp;columns=*,0,0 FHL book 975.221 H2t; fiche 6087644]].</ref><ref>Bozman, 2:33-35.</ref> | ||
'''1649''' Maryland passed the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_Toleration_Act Religious Toleration Act] to protect Catholics and immigrating Puritans from each other and create an environment to attract more immigrants.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Maryland Toleration Act," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland_Toleration_Act&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;oldid=269468219 (accessed February 17, 2009). </ref> Eight years of religious wars followed anyway.<br> | '''1649''' Maryland passed the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_Toleration_Act Religious Toleration Act] to protect Catholics and immigrating Puritans from each other and create an environment to attract more immigrants.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Maryland Toleration Act," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland_Toleration_Act&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;oldid=269468219 (accessed February 17, 2009). </ref> Eight years of religious wars followed anyway.<br> | ||
Maryland was also one of the key destinations of tens of thousands of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_transportation transported British convicts].<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Maryland—History," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;oldid=271243474 (accessed February 17, 2009). </ref> Prior to 1776 three-fourths of immigrants were convicts, slaves, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentured_servants indentured servants], or became indentured servants to pay for their passage to America. For information about convicts and indentured servants see the works of Peter Wilson Coldham indexed in [http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/default.aspx?rt=40 Ancestry.com], a subscription web site. [[Image:Maryland Colony Map.png|thumb|right|350px|Maryland's disputed border with Pennsylvania 1682-1767.]] | Maryland was also one of the key destinations of tens of thousands of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_transportation transported British convicts].<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Maryland—History," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;oldid=271243474 (accessed February 17, 2009). </ref> Prior to 1776 three-fourths of immigrants were convicts, slaves, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentured_servants indentured servants], or became indentured servants to pay for their passage to America. For information about convicts and indentured servants see the works of Peter Wilson Coldham indexed in [http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/default.aspx?rt=40 Ancestry.com], a subscription web site. [[Image:Maryland Colony Map.png|thumb|right|350px|Maryland's disputed border with Pennsylvania 1682-1767.]] | ||
'''1682''' Pennsylvania began to assert ownership of what became [[Portal:Delaware|Delaware]] and northern parts of Maryland. The Maryland citizens resisted including the murder of a pushy Pennsylvania tax collector. These border conflicts would not be fully resolved until the drawing of the Mason-Dixon line between 1763 and 1767. | '''1682''' Pennsylvania began to assert ownership of what became [[Portal:Delaware|Delaware]] and northern parts of Maryland. The Maryland citizens resisted including the murder of a pushy Pennsylvania tax collector. These border conflicts would not be fully resolved until the drawing of the Mason-Dixon line between 1763 and 1767. | ||
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'''1865-1875:''' [[African American Research|African Americans]], often former slaves from the South, flooded into the [[Portal:District of Columbia|District of Columbia]] and Baltimore looking for work at the end of the Civil War. | '''1865-1875:''' [[African American Research|African Americans]], often former slaves from the South, flooded into the [[Portal:District of Columbia|District of Columbia]] and Baltimore looking for work at the end of the Civil War. | ||
'''1904:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Baltimore_Fire Great Baltimore Fire] left 35,000 without jobs. | '''1904:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Baltimore_Fire Great Baltimore Fire] left 35,000 without jobs. | ||
=== State Histories Useful to Genealogists === | === State Histories Useful to Genealogists === | ||