Maryland History: Difference between revisions

Maryland History (view source)

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 The following important events in the history of [[Portal:Maryland|Maryland]] affected political jurisdictions, record keeping, and family movements.
-'''1632''' The King of England granted a charter for a colony where British Roman Catholics could settle in North America between [[Portal:Virginia|Virginia]] and what would become [[Portal:Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]].<ref>James McSherry, ''History of Maryland from Its First Settlement in 1634 to the Year 1848'' (Balitmore: John Murphy, 1849), 22-25. Digitized in 2006 by Google Book at http://books.google.com/books?id=K7AcFOAF_9cC&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;dq (accessed 12 February 2009).</ref> The charter was granted to Cecilius Calvert, (Lord Baltimore).
+'''1632''' The King of England granted a charter for a colony where British Roman Catholics could settle in North America between [[Portal:Virginia|Virginia]] and what would become [[Portal:Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]].<ref>James McSherry, ''History of Maryland from Its First Settlement in 1634 to the Year 1848'' (Balitmore: John Murphy, 1849), 22-25. Digitized in 2006 by Google Book at http://books.google.com/books?id=K7AcFOAF_9cC&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;dq (accessed 12 February 2009).</ref> The charter was granted to Cecilius Calvert, (Lord Baltimore).
 '''1632-1691''', and '''1715-1776''' Maryland was a [[P genealogical glossary terms|proprietary]] colony. The Calvert family proprietors (and Governor's Council) issued land grants to entice settlers to the colony before 1680. Starting in 1680 they changed to a [[United States. United-States - Land and Property- Land Terms & Definitions|headrights]] system. For more details see the [[Maryland Land and Property|Maryland Land and Property]] page.
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 '''1634-:''' Virginia leaders refused to recognize the Maryland charter and continued to sell-off Maryland land on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula Delmarva Peninsula]. This resulted in decades of border conflicts and uncertain land and tax claims, and attempts by Virginians to incite Indians against Maryland.
-'''1649''' Maryland passed the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_Toleration_Act Religious Toleration Act] to protect Catholics and immigrating Puritans from each other and create an environment to attract more immigrants.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Maryland Toleration Act," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland_Toleration_Act&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;oldid=269468219 (accessed February 17, 2009). </ref> Eight years of religious wars followed anyway.<br>
+'''1649''' Maryland passed the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_Toleration_Act Religious Toleration Act] to protect Catholics and immigrating Puritans from each other and create an environment to attract more immigrants.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Maryland Toleration Act," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland_Toleration_Act&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;oldid=269468219 (accessed February 17, 2009). </ref> Eight years of religious wars followed anyway.<br>
-Maryland was also one of the key destinations of tens of thousands of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_transportation transported British convicts].<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Maryland—History," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;oldid=271243474 (accessed February 17, 2009). </ref> Prior to 1776 three-fourths of immigrants were convicts, slaves, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentured_servants indentured servants], or became indentured servants to pay for their passage to America. For information about convicts and indentured servants see the works of Peter Wilson Coldham indexed in [http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/default.aspx?rt=40 Ancestry.com], a subscription web site. [[Image:Maryland Colony Map.png|thumb|right|350px|Maryland's disputed border with Pennsylvania 1682-1767.]]
+Maryland was also one of the key destinations of tens of thousands of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_transportation transported British convicts].<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Maryland—History," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;oldid=271243474 (accessed February 17, 2009). </ref> Prior to 1776 three-fourths of immigrants were convicts, slaves, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentured_servants indentured servants], or became indentured servants to pay for their passage to America. For information about convicts and indentured servants see the works of Peter Wilson Coldham indexed in [http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/default.aspx?rt=40 Ancestry.com], a subscription web site. [[Image:Maryland Colony Map.png|thumb|right|350px|Maryland's disputed border with Pennsylvania 1682-1767.]]
 '''1682''' Pennsylvania began to assert ownership of what became [[Portal:Delaware|Delaware]] and northern parts of Maryland. The Maryland citizens resisted including the murder of a pushy Pennsylvania tax collector. These border conflicts would not be fully resolved until the drawing of the Mason-Dixon line between 1763 and 1767.
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 '''1802:''' The property qualification for voting in local elections was removed.
-As tobacco and later cotton farming grew in the South (including Maryland) so did the [[African American Slavery and Bondage|African slave trade]]. After '''1808''', when importation of slaves was banned, the internal slave trade resulted in many slaves from Maryland being moved to more western states like [[Portal:Tennessee|Tennessee]] and [[Portal:Kentucky|Kentucky]]. At the start of the Civil War the slave trade was the second largest money making enterprise in Maryland.
+As tobacco and later cotton farming grew in the South (including Maryland) so did the [[African American Slavery and Bondage|African slave trade]]. After '''1808''', when importation of slaves was banned, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States#Second_Middle_Passage internal slave trade] resulted in many slaves from Maryland being moved to more western states like [[Portal:Tennessee|Tennessee]] and [[Portal:Kentucky|Kentucky]]. At the start of the Civil War the slave trade was the second largest money making enterprise in Maryland.
 '''1812-1815:''' The [[War of 1812, 1812 to 1815|War of 1812]] involved many Maryland residents, and some battles were fought in Maryland.
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 By the start of the Civil War 49 percent of [[African American Research|African Americans]] in Maryland were already free.
-'''1851:''' [[Baltimore_City,_Maryland|Baltimore City]] became an independent city and started keeping court, land, and probate records separately from the county.
+'''1851:''' [[Baltimore City, Maryland|Baltimore City]] became an independent city and started keeping court, land, and probate records separately from the county.
 '''1861-1865''' Maryland soldiers fought on both sides during the [[United States Civil War, 1861 to 1865|Civil War]], but the state of Maryland stayed in the Union.