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Arizona History: Difference between revisions
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''[[United States|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] | ''[[United States|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Arizona|Arizona]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] Arizona History'' | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
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Effective family history research requires some understanding of the historical events that affected your family and the records about them. Learning about wars, governments, laws, migrations, and religious trends can help you understand political boundaries, family movements, and settlement patterns. | Effective family history research requires some understanding of the historical events that affected your family and the records about them. Learning about wars, governments, laws, migrations, and religious trends can help you understand political boundaries, family movements, and settlement patterns. | ||
State, county, and local histories often contain biographical sketches of local citizens, including important genealogical information. This may be one of the best sources of information for some families. See [[Arizona Genealogy]] and [[Arizona Archives and Libraries]] | State, county, and local histories often contain biographical sketches of local citizens, including important genealogical information. This may be one of the best sources of information for some families. See [[Arizona Genealogy]] and [[Arizona Archives and Libraries]] | ||
=== Historical Content === | === Historical Content === | ||
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Histories are great sources of genealogical information. Many contain biographical information about individuals who lived in the area, including: | Histories are great sources of genealogical information. Many contain biographical information about individuals who lived in the area, including: | ||
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*'''1821:''' Mexico took control over the land now included in Arizona. Apache troubles restricted white settlement to Tucson. | *'''1821:''' Mexico took control over the land now included in Arizona. Apache troubles restricted white settlement to Tucson. | ||
*'''1846:''' The Mormon Battalion built Cooke's Wagon Road, south of the Gila River. The road became a favorite route across Arizona and into California for early prospectors and pioneers. | *'''1846:''' The Mormon Battalion built Cooke's Wagon Road, south of the Gila River. The road became a favorite route across Arizona and into California for early prospectors and pioneers. | ||
*'''1846:''' U.S. Military under command of Col. Alexander W. Doniphan engaged the Navajo at Bear Springs. US occupied what is now New Mexico, effectively controlling it. | *'''1846:''' U.S. Military under command of Col. Alexander W. Doniphan engaged the Navajo at Bear Springs. US occupied what is now New Mexico, effectively controlling it. | ||
*'''1848''' Mexico ceded land north of the Gila River, to the United States, including a major portion of Arizona. | *'''1848''' Mexico ceded land north of the Gila River, to the United States, including a major portion of Arizona. | ||
*'''1850:''' New Mexico Territory created. First Federal Census of territory taken. | *'''1850:''' New Mexico Territory created. First Federal Census of territory taken. | ||
*'''1853''' | *'''1853''' The Gadsden Purchase bought from Mexico, it added the area south of the Gila to New Mexico Territory. Didn't become effective until 1855. | ||
*'''1 August 1861''' The Confederate States of America declared the southern part of New Mexico territory as Arizona territory, claiming both territories. But the confederacy soon lost control over all Arizona and New Mexico land. | *'''1 August 1861''' The Confederate States of America declared the southern part of New Mexico territory as Arizona territory, claiming both territories. But the confederacy soon lost control over all Arizona and New Mexico land. | ||
*'''1862:''' Indian battle of Apache Pass. Battle of Picacho Pass (Western most battle of Civil War) | *'''1862:''' Indian battle of Apache Pass. Battle of Picacho Pass (Western most battle of Civil War) | ||
*'''24 February 1863''' Territory of Arizona created by US from the western half of New Mexico Territory. The first four Arizona counties created. | *'''24 February 1863''' Territory of Arizona created by US from the western half of New Mexico Territory. The first four Arizona counties created. | ||
*'''1864:''' Kit Carson, led a U.S. army against the Navajo Indians. The army killed the sheep and burned their crops forcing the tribe to surrender or face starvation. The Navajo were marched to Fort Sumner at Bosque Redondo, New Mexico. The march became known as "The Long Walk". Eight thousand survived the march but many others died. | *'''1864:''' Kit Carson, led a U.S. army against the Navajo Indians. The army killed the sheep and burned their crops forcing the tribe to surrender or face starvation. The Navajo were marched to Fort Sumner at Bosque Redondo, New Mexico. The march became known as "The Long Walk". Eight thousand survived the march but many others died. | ||
*'''1866:''' The northwestern part of Arizona Territory was transferred by the US government to the State of Nevada, thought Arizona resisted until 1871. Battle of Skull Cave (Indian & | *'''1866:''' The northwestern part of Arizona Territory was transferred by the US government to the State of Nevada, thought Arizona resisted until 1871. Battle of Skull Cave (Indian & federal troops) | ||
*'''1871''' Camp Grant Massacre | *'''1871''' Camp Grant Massacre | ||
*'''1873''' Apache removal by U.S. Army under direction of Kit Carson. | *'''1873''' Apache removal by U.S. Army under direction of Kit Carson. | ||
*'''1882''' Battle of Big Dry Wash | *'''1882''' Battle of Big Dry Wash | ||
*'''4 September 1886''' Apache Indian Chief, Geronimo surrendered to Federal Troops under General Miles in Arizona, ending the last major Indian War. Geronimo had led his band on a six month escape from San Carlos reservation in Arizona. | *'''4 September 1886''' Apache Indian Chief, Geronimo surrendered to Federal Troops under General Miles in Arizona, ending the last major Indian War. Geronimo had led his band on a six month escape from San Carlos reservation in Arizona. | ||
*'''1870-1910''' The non-Indian population of Arizona increased from fewer than 10,000 to over 200,000 as settlers moved in from many states and countries. | *'''1870-1910''' The non-Indian population of Arizona increased from fewer than 10,000 to over 200,000 as settlers moved in from many states and countries. | ||
*'''14 February 1912''' Arizona became a state. | *'''14 February 1912''' Arizona became a state. | ||
Also see [[Previous Jurisdictions to land in Arizona]] showing dates the jurisdictions were created and maps. This will help in determining what jurisdiction your ancestor lived in and where the records are now located. | Also see [[Previous Jurisdictions to land in Arizona]] showing dates the jurisdictions were created and maps. This will help in determining what jurisdiction your ancestor lived in and where the records are now located. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
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*A bibliography that includes some local histories is ''Arizona Gathering II, 1950-1969: An Annotated Bibliography.'' <ref>Donald M. Powell, ''Arizona Gathering II, 1950-1969: An Annotated Bibliography.'' Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press, 1973. (Family History Library {{FHL|195073|title-id|disp=book 979.1 A3pa}}). </ref> | *A bibliography that includes some local histories is ''Arizona Gathering II, 1950-1969: An Annotated Bibliography.'' <ref>Donald M. Powell, ''Arizona Gathering II, 1950-1969: An Annotated Bibliography.'' Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press, 1973. (Family History Library {{FHL|195073|title-id|disp=book 979.1 A3pa}}). </ref> | ||
*''A Bibliography of American County Histories'' <ref>Filby, P. William. ''A Bibliography of American County Histories''. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1985. ({{FHL|A Bibliography of American County Histories|title|disp=FHL book 973 H23bi}})</ref> <ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/ | *''A Bibliography of American County Histories'' <ref>Filby, P. William. ''A Bibliography of American County Histories''. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1985. ({{FHL|A Bibliography of American County Histories|title|disp=FHL book 973 H23bi}})</ref> <ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12356760referer=brief_results Worldcat] </ref> | ||
*''United States Local Histories in the Library of Congress'' <ref>Kaminkow, Marion J. ''United States Local Histories in the Library of Congress''. 5 vols. Baltimore: Magna Charta Book, 1975-76. ({{FHL|252458|title-id|disp=FHL book 973 A3ka}}.) </ref><ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=United+States+Local+Histories+in+the+Library+of+ | *''United States Local Histories in the Library of Congress'' <ref>Kaminkow, Marion J. ''United States Local Histories in the Library of Congress''. 5 vols. Baltimore: Magna Charta Book, 1975-76. ({{FHL|252458|title-id|disp=FHL book 973 A3ka}}.) </ref><ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=United+States+Local+Histories+in+the+Library+of+Congressqt=results_page Worldcat] </ref> | ||
== State Histories Useful to Genealogists == | == State Histories Useful to Genealogists == | ||
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The following are only a few of the many sources that are available: | The following are only a few of the many sources that are available: | ||
*''The Almanac of American History'', <ref>Schlesinger, Jr., Arthur M. ''The Almanac of American History.'' Greenwich, Conn.: Bison Books, 1983. ({{FHL|The Almanac of American History.|title|disp=FHL book 973 H2alm}}) </ref><ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/ | *''The Almanac of American History'', <ref>Schlesinger, Jr., Arthur M. ''The Almanac of American History.'' Greenwich, Conn.: Bison Books, 1983. ({{FHL|The Almanac of American History.|title|disp=FHL book 973 H2alm}}) </ref><ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/9392978referer=brief_results Worldcat] </ref>This provides brief historical essays and chronological descriptions of thousands of key events in United States history. | ||
*''Dictionary of American History, Revised ed'' <ref>'' Dictionary of American History, Revised ed., 8 vols''. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1976. ({{FHL|76529|title-id|disp=FHL book 973 H2ad}}.)</ref> <ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/ | *''Dictionary of American History, Revised ed'' <ref>'' Dictionary of American History, Revised ed., 8 vols''. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1976. ({{FHL|76529|title-id|disp=FHL book 973 H2ad}}.)</ref> <ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2507380referer=brief_results Worldcat] </ref>This includes historical sketches on various topics in U.S. history, such as wars, people, laws, and organizations. A snippet view is available at [http://books.google.com/books?id=Lz9WC9EyF08C&q=9780684138565&dq=9780684138565&ei=F4GxSbisHpDMlQSW3Z36BQ&pgis=1 Google books]. | ||
*''Webster's Guide to American History: A Chronological, Geographical, and Biographical Survey and Compendium'' <ref>'' Webster's Guide to American History: A Chronological, Geographical, and Biographical Survey and Compendium''. Springfield, Mass.: G& | *''Webster's Guide to American History: A Chronological, Geographical, and Biographical Survey and Compendium'' <ref>'' Webster's Guide to American History: A Chronological, Geographical, and Biographical Survey and Compendium''. Springfield, Mass.: G & C Merriam, 1971. ({{FHL|Webster%27s Guide to American History%3A A Chronological%2C Geographical%2C and Biographical Survey and Compendium|title|disp=FHL book 973 H2v}}) </ref><ref>Limited view at [http://books.google.com/books?id=MVU6DS6Re8gCprintsec=frontcoverdq=Webster%27s+Guide+to+American+History:+A+Chronological,+Geographical,+and+Biographical+Survey+and+Compendium%27ei=Vn-xSeS6FJDUlQSby81v#PPP13,M1 Google Books] </ref><ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Webster%27s+Guide+to+American+Historyqt=owc_search Worldcat] </ref>This includes a history, some maps, tables, and other historical information. | ||
*''Writings on American History'' <ref>''Writings on American History'' By American Historical Association, Library of Congress, United States National Historical Publications Commission, Published by KTO Press, 1921 {{FHL|244514|title-id|disp=FHL book 973 H23w}} </ref><ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Writings+on+American+ | *''Writings on American History'' <ref>''Writings on American History'' By American Historical Association, Library of Congress, United States National Historical Publications Commission, Published by KTO Press, 1921 {{FHL|244514|title-id|disp=FHL book 973 H23w}} </ref><ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Writings+on+American+Historyqt=owc_search Worldcat] </ref>Has the full text available at [http://books.google.com/books?id=mgEPAAAAYAAJ&dq=United+States+Local+Histories+in+the+Library+of+Congress&ei=N3yxSd6pI4K0kATC-qRu Google Books] | ||
To find more books and articles about Arizona 's history use the Internet [http://www.google.com/ Google] search for phases like "Arizona history." [[Family History Library Catalog Surname Search|Family History Library Catalog Surname Search]] lists many more histories under topics like: | To find more books and articles about Arizona 's history use the Internet [http://www.google.com/ Google] search for phases like "Arizona history." [[Family History Library Catalog Surname Search|Family History Library Catalog Surname Search]] lists many more histories under topics like: | ||
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== Sources == | == Sources == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
{{Arizona|Arizona}} | {{Arizona|Arizona}} | ||
[[Category:Arizona|History]] [[Category:Timeline]] | [[Category:Arizona|History]] [[Category:Timeline]] | ||