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This list contains Russian word with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Russian-English dictionary. A version of the [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/8/86/Russian_Word_List.pdf Russian Genealogical Word List in PDF] is also available. 
 
To best make use of the genealogical word list, please read [[Russia Languages]],
 
In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. Who—Whose—whom, or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives only the basic forms of each Russian word, which usually also means the masculine. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all word vary with usage, including names of people and places. It is important to recognize when a name is written in a different form and to not misinterpret it as another name.
 
===Alphabetical Order===
 
Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ee Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Kk Лл Mм Нн Oo Пп Pp Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя


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No words begin with the hard sign (Ъъ) or the soft sign (Ьь), and very few with the letters Ёё, Йй, Щщ, or Ыы.
 
Prior to 1918, when the current Russian spelling reforms were instituted, the alphabet included letters no longer used. These were updated and changed. These letters include:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|з
|Changed to (in certain positions)
|c
|-
|-
| __TOC__
|i
|Changed to
|и
|-
|ъ
|No longer used at the end of masculine words
|
|-
|ѣ
|Changed to
|e
|-
|θ
|Changed to
|ф
|-
|v
|Changed to
|и
|}
|}


The [https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/images/8/82/WL_Poland.pdf Polish Genealogical Word List] contains Polish words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Polish ancestors. If the word (or some form of it) you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Polish-English dictionary. See the [[Poland Genealogical Word List#Additional_Resources|Additional Resources]] section below.
===Transliteration Aid===


Polish is a Slavic language related to Russian and Czech.. It is used in genealogical sources throughout Poland. Before 1918, Polish-speaking territories were divided between Russia, Germany, and Austria. Records written before 1918 may be in German, Russian, Latin, or Polish.  
Transliteration is a conversion of text from one script to another. For example, the Russian word бракосочетание in Cyrillic script would be transliterated to “brakosochetanie” the English Romanized script.  


*In Russian Poland, Polish was the official language for vital records from 1808 to 1868. From 1868 to 1917, Russian was the official language.
бракосочетание --> brakosochetanie
*In German Poland, most records were kept in German or [[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin]], though some were kept in Polish.
*In Austrian Poland, most records were kept in [[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin]]. Some records were kept in German and some in Polish.


Polish is also used in the records kept in some Polish communities in the United States.  
There are different transliteration systems for the same language, so not all transliterations will be the same. Here is an automatic online transliterator that is very helpful.  


Polish records often contain Latin and German words. See the [[German Word List|German Genealogical Word List]], and the [[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin Genealogical Word List]].  
[http://stevemorse.org/russian/rus2eng.html Transliterating Russian to English in One Step], online automatic transliterator by Steve Morse.  


=== Alphabetical Order  ===
Transliteration allows us to pronounce and recognize words in scripts we are not familiar with. It can also help us turn a place name on an English document into a real Russian place name, as you can also transliterate from English to Russian.


Aa Ąą Bb Cc Ćć Dd Ee Ęę Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Łł Mm Nn Ńń Oo Óó Pp Rr Ss Śś Tt Uu Ww Yy Zz Źź Żż
===Other Word Lists===
*[[Media:Russian Word List.pdf|FamilySearch Library Word List]]
*[http://www.doukhobor.org/names.html#Terms Doukhobor Genealogy] (under "Russian Terms." These are all transliterated and there is no Cyrillic)
*[https://www.lexiconbridge.com/ Cornell Lexicon Bridge] (a resource from Cornell University)


The letters q, v and x are also used, but only for foreign names or words.
===Online Dictionaries===


=== Language Aids  ===
*[http://gramota.ru/slovari/info/ Gramota] (online Russian dictionary in Russian)
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-russian/ Cambridge English-Russian Dictionary]
*[https://www.dict.com/russian-english Dict.com Russian-English Dictionary]
*[https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 Викисловар (Russian Wiktionary)] this website is in Russian, but provides information regarding declension. Type a Russian word in the search box in the right hand corner (искать в Викисловаре) and press enter. Even if the word entered is declined (has a grammatical case ending), Wiktionary will redirect you to the original word (nominative case). A typical entry defines the word (if you are using Google Chrome, right click to translate the page to English to learn the definition of the word), as well as meanings, synonyms and often pronunciation. On the right hand side, you will find a table with the word declined in all cases. A translation of the table is included below. Using this table will allow you to easily determine which case your word is in.


The Family History Library has genealogical word lists for Polish (34098), German (34067), and Latin (34077). The following books and English-Polish dictionaries can also aid you in your research. You can find these and similar material at many research libraries:
{| class="wikitable"
|+Translation of Declension Table from Викисловарь
!падеж (case)
!ед. ч. (singular)
!мн. ч (plural)
|-
|Им.(nominative)
|
|
|-
|Р. (genitive)
|
|
|-
|Д. (dative)
|
|
|-
|В. (accusative)
|
|
|-
|Тв. (instrumental)
|
|
|-
|Пр. (prepositional)
|
|
|}


Kierst, W. ''English-Polish/Polish-English Dictionary.'' New York, New York: Saphograph Co., 1956. (FHL book 491.85321 K847e.)
=== Variant forms of words ===
In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. ''Who—Whose—whom,'' or ''marry—marries—married'' are examples of words in English with variant forms. Many sources (word lists, dictionaries, etc.) give only the basic, or nominative and masculine form. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all words vary with usage.


Pogonowski, Iwo Cyprian. ''Practical Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionary.'' New York, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1985. (FHL book 491.85321P751p.)
==== Gender ====
Russian words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as '''masculine''', '''feminine''', or '''neuter'''. For example, брат (brother) is a masculine word, дочь (daughter) is a feminine word, and свидетельство (certificate) is a neuter word.


Another valuable research tool for reading records of the former Russian territories of Poland is:
Words that describe persons, places or things (adjectives) will have either masculine, feminine, or neuter endings depending on what noun they are describing. For example, in Russian you would write старый брат (old brother), старая сестра (old sister), and старое свидетельство (old certificate). In dictionaries and in the “Russian Genealogical Word List” generally only the '''masculine''' form is given.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!masculine
!feminine
!neuter
!found in word list as
|-
|старый
|старая
|старое
|старый (old)
|-
|глухой
|глухая
| -
|глухой (deaf)
|}


Frazin, Judith R. A ''Translation Guide to the 19-century Polish-language Civil-registration Documents: (Birth, Marriage and Death Records). 2nd ed.'' Northbrook, Illinois: The Jewish Genealogical Society of Illinois, 1989. (FHL book 943.8 V27.) This book is now online at [http://books.google.de/books?id=qSEBjYeyUpAC&pg=PA154&lpg=PA# Google Books: A Translation Guide to 19th-century Polish-language Civil Registration].
==== Plurals ====
Plural forms of Russian words usually end in ы, и, а, or я. They are usually only found in the singular in dictionaries or in the word list.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!singular
!plural
!translation
|-
|отец
|отцы
|father/fathers
|-
|муж
|мужья
|husband/husbands
|-
|жена
|жены
|wife/wives
|-
|книга
|книги
|book/books
|-
|место
|местa
|place/places
|}


To read the Russian language records of this same area after 1868 use: [Http://books.google.de/books?id=qSEBjYeyUpAC&pg=PA154&lpg=PA books.google.de/books]
==== Noun declensions ====
The endings of Russian words can also vary depending on the grammatical uses of the words. Russian grammar requires specific endings (called “cases”) on nouns used in the possessive, as the object of a verb, and with a preposition, among others.


Shea, Jonathan D. ''Russian Language Documents from Russian Poland: a Translation Manual for Genealogists. 2nd ed.'' Buffalo Grove, Illinois: Genun, 1989. (FHL book 943.8 D27.)
Adjectives also must match the nouns they modify in gender, quantity, and grammatical form (case). Russian nouns fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Many dictionaries have grammatical sections which show complete noun and adjective endings.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Noun
!Use
!Translation
|-
|город


The Polish Genealogical Word List published by the Family History Library is available at [http://204.9.225.220/eng/Search/rg/frameset_rhelps.asp?Page=./research/type/Word_List.asp FamilySearch:Research Helps].
города


Learning: Polish Language, Common Word Translations is [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~atpc/learn/tools/commonwords.html available online].
городе
|'''город'''


=== Language Characteristics  ===
мер '''города'''


Polish words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe them must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings, for example:
Я жул в '''городе'''
|City


stary mąż-- old man
Mayor of the city


stara kobieta-- old woman
I lived in the city
|-
|сын


stare miasto-- old city
сына


The endings of past tense verbs also change depending on the gender of the person or thing being described or performing the action. For example:
сыну


umarł -- he died
сыном
|'''сын'''


umarła-- she died
я крестил '''сына'''


umarło-- it [the child] died
я дал '''сыну'''


==== Variant Forms of Words  ====
я ушёл с '''сыном'''
|Son


In Polish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who-whose-whom or marry-marries- married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Polish any word may change, depending on usage. This word list gives the standard form of each Polish word. As you read Polish records, you will need to be aware that most words vary with usage.
I christened the son


The endings of words in a document will often differ from what you find in this list. For example, the document may use the word starego (old), but you will find it in this word list as stary (old).
I gave to the son


Certain endings, called genitive, give the meaning "of" to a word. The following endings are typical:
I left with the son
|-
|жена
 
жены
 
жену
 
жене
 
женой
 
жене
|'''жена'''
 
дом '''жены'''


Nouns Endings Adjectives
я видел '''жену'''


-a (masculine) -ego
я дал '''жене'''


-y or -i (feminine) -ej
я ушёл ц '''женой'''


-ów (plural) -ich or -ych
я думал о '''жене'''
|Wife


Thus, ojciec zmarłego means "father of the deceased."
Home of the wife


Plural forms of Polish words usually change the singular word as follows:
I saw the wife


Words ending in -a change to -y
I gave to the wife


Words ending in -o change to -a
I left with the wife


A -y or -i is added to form the plural
I thought about the wife
|}
The changing of word endings is called “declension” and there are six different cases in Russian.


The plural form may change the basic word, for example:
==== Given names ====
An important note is that it is essential to recognize when a name is written in a different form, and to avoid misinterpreting it as another name. For example, “the child of Ivan” would be “ребенок ивана.” That only means that “иван” is in a different case. It does NOT mean that is a feminine form of the name, that his name is different, that he has variant names, or that “ивана” is a different person than “иван.”


{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders"
==== Verbs ====
Words that show action (verbs) also vary depending on who and how many are doing the action and whether the action is past, present, or future. The variation for verbs is called “conjugation.” For example, the Russian word жить (to live) will appear with various endings. Note that most but not all verbs follow this pattern:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian conjugation
!English conjugation
|-
|я '''живу'''
|I live
|-
|ты '''живёшь'''
|you live (informal)
|-
|он/она/кто '''живёт'''
|he/she/who lives
|-
|мы '''живём'''
|we live
|-
|-
| Singular
|вы '''живёте'''
| Plural
|you live (formal)
|-
|-
| miasto =city
|они '''живут'''
| miasta= cities
|they live
|-
|-
| powiat =district
|она '''жил'''
| powiaty =districts
|he lived
|-
|-
| brat= brother
|она '''жила'''
| bracia =brothers
|she lived
|-
|-
| żona=wife
|они '''жили'''
| żony=wives
|they lived
|}
|}


=== Additional Resources  ===
===Names and Places===
For words not typically found in dictionaries (place names and given/family names) try using the following resources:


This word list includes words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Polish-English dictionary. Several Polish-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library in the European collection. Their call numbers begin with 491.85321. See [[Poland Encyclopedias and Dictionaries]].
'''Places:'''


The following dictionary is available on microfilm for use in Family History Centers:
[https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9 List of Gubernia in the Russian Empire]


Stanisławski, Jan. ''English-Polish and Polish-English Dictionary.''  Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: David McKay, 1946. (FHL film 1,045,473, item 1)
[[Russia Gazetteers]]


Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under:  
[http://www.google.com Google]


POLISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES
'''Russian Names:'''


Other dictionaries and language helps, such as Polish grammar books, are listed in the Locality section under:  
*[https://gufo.me/dict/surnames_ru Словарь русских фамилий (Dictionary of Russian Surnames)]


POLAND - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES
*[https://pomnirod.ru/assets/files/knigi/slovar-russ_imen_petrovski_1966.pdf Словарь Русских Личных Имен (Dictionary of Russian Given Names)]


=== Key Words  ===
*[https://azbyka.ru/deti/slovar-spravochnik-russkikh-lichnykh-imen-ilya-melnikov Словарь-справочник русских личных имен (Dictionary/Handbook of Russian Given Names)]


To find and use specific types of Polish records, you will need to know some key words in Polish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Polish words with the same or similar meanings.
*[https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=aF5NAAAAcAAJ&rdid=book-aF5NAAAAcAAJ&rdot=1 French, German and Russian Name Dictionary]


For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Polish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used to indicate marriage.
'''Polish Names Written in Russian:'''


{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders" width="65%"
Use these resources to help you find the proper spelling of a Polish name. [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/7/75/Russian_Alphabet_Key.pdf This handout] will help you transliterate from Russian into Polish.
 
*[http://herby.com.pl/ Slownik Nazwisk (Dictionary of Surnames)] to learn how to use this website, see the instructions [https://jri-poland.org/slownik.htm here].
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_given_names Polish Given Names with Dimunitives and English Equivalents]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Polish_male_given_names Male Polish Names Wiktionary 1]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_given_names Male Polish Names Wiktionary 2]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Polish_female_given_names Female Polish Names Wiktionary 1]
 
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Polish_feminine_given_names Female Polish Names Wiktionary 2]
 
'''German Names Written in Russian:'''
 
[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/7/75/Russian_Alphabet_Key.pdf This handout] will help you transliterate from Russian into German.
 
*[https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Cyrillic_Handouts.pdf SGGEE handout], see page 7
*[https://volga.domains.unf.edu/surnames Germans from Russia Surnames (particularly the Volga Region)]
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:German_male_given_names Male German Names Wiktionary]
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:German_given_names#List_of_female_given_names Female German Names Wiktionary]
*[http://www.namenforschung.net/en/dfd/dictionary/list/ Digital Dictionary of Surnames in Germany]
 
===Months of the Year===
For months of the year in Cyrillic handwriting, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Images/months_script.jpg SGGEE handout, '''"Examples of how the months are handwritten"''']
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Russian (nominative)!!Russian (Genitive)!!English
|-
|январь, Iенварь||января||January
|-
|-
| '''English'''
|февраль||февраля||February
| '''Polish'''
|-
|-
| birth
|март||марта||March
| urodzin, urodzony, urodzi,ł sie zrodzony
|-
|-
| burial
|апрель||апреля||April
| pochowanie, pogrzeb
|-
|-
| Catholic
|май||мая||May
| rzymsko-katolicki
|-
|-
| child
|июнь||июня||June
| dziecię, dziecko
|-
|-
| christening
|июль||июля||July
| chrzest, chrzciny, ochrzczone
|-
|-
| death(s)
|август||августа||August
| zgon(ów), zejść, umarł , zmarł , śmierci
|-
|-
| father
|сентябрь||сентября||September
| ojciec
|-
|-
| husband
|октябрь||октября||October
| mąz, małżonek
|-
|-
| index
|ноябрь||ноября||November
| indeks, skorowidz, register, spis
|-
|-
| Jewish
|декабрь||декабря||December
| żydowski, starozakonny, izraelici, mojżeszowy
|}
 
===Cardinal Numbers===
For numbers in cursive, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Cyrillic_Handouts.pdf '''SGGEE Cyrillic Handouts.pdf.''']
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| marriage
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| małżenstw(o), ślub(ów), zaślubionych
| width="25%" |'''English'''
|-
|-
| marriage banns
|один
| zapowiedzi
|one
|-
|-
| mother
|два
| matka
|two
|-
|-
| name, given
|три
| imię, imion
|three
|-
|-
| name, surname
|четыре
| nazwisko
|four
|-
|-
| parents
|пять
| rodzice
|five
|-
|-
| parish
|шесть
| parafia
|six
|-
|-
| Protestant
|семь
| ewangelicki, reformowany, protestancki, luterański
|seven
|-
|-
| wife
|восемь
| żona, malłżonka, zamena, kobieżta
|eight
|-
|-
| year
|девять
| rok, lat
|nine
|-
|десять
|ten
|-
|одиннадцать
|eleven
|-
|двенадцать
|twelve
|-
|тринадцать
|thirteen
|-
|четырнадцать
|fourteen
|-
|пятнадцать
|fifteen
|-
|шестнадцать
|sixteen
|-
|семнадцать
|seventeen
|-
|восемнадцать
|eighteen
|-
|девятнадцать
|nineteen
|-
|двадцать
|twenty
|-
|тридцать
|thirty
|-
|сорок
|forty
|-
|пятьдесят
|fifty
|-
|шестьдесят
|sixty
|-
|семьдесят
|seventy
|-
|восемьдесят
|eighty
|-
|девяносто
|ninety
|-
|сто
|one hundred
|-
|двести
|two hundred
|-
|триста
|three hundred
|-
|четыреста
|four hundred
|-
|пятьсот
|five hundred
|-
|шестьсот
|six hundred
|-
|семьсот
|seven hundred
|-
|восемьсот
|eight hundred
|-
|девятьсот
|nine hundred
|-
|тысяча
|one thousand
|-
|миллион
|one million
|}
|}


<br>
===Ordinal Numbers===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" |'''English'''
|-
|первый
|first
|-
|второй
|second
|-
|третий
|third
|-
|четвёртый
|fourth
|-
|пятый
|fifth
|-
|шестой
|sixth
|-
|седьмой
|seventh
|-
|восьмой
|eighth
|-
|девятый
|ninth
|-
|десятый
|tenth
|-
|одиннадцатый
|eleventh
|-
|двенадцатый
|twelfth
|-
|тринадцатый
|thirteenth
|-
|четырнадцатый
|fourteenth
|-
|пятнадцатый
|fifteenth
|-
|шестнадцатый
|sixteenth
|-
|семнадцатый
|seventeenth
|-
|восемнадцатый
|eighteenth
|-
|девятнадцатый
|nineteenth
|-
|двадцатый
|twentieth
|-
|двадцать первый
|twenty first
|-
|тридцатый
|thirtieth
|-
|тридцать первый
|thirty first
|}


=== Numbers  ===
==General Word List==


In many genealogical records, numbers— especially dates—are spelled out. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) numbers. Dates are written in ordinal form. In dates, ordinal numbers usually end with '''''-ego''''', for example:
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed.  


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="40%" align="center"
{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders"
|-
|-
| pierwszy
|
| the first
|-
| pierwszego
| on the first (of the month)
|}
|}


{| style="width: 468px; height: 817px" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="10"
<br>
 
===A===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|август<br>
|August<br>
|-
|адвокат<br>
|lawyer<br>
|-
|администратор<br>
|administrator<br>
|-
|акт<br>
|document, record, certificate<br>
|-
|акты гражданского состояния<br>
|vital statistics<br>
|-
|акушерка<br>
|midwife<br>
|-
|-
|  
|алфавитный список<br>
| '''Cardinal'''
|alphabetical list or index<br>
|
| '''Ordinal'''
|-
|-
| align="right" | 1 <br>2 <br>3 <br>4 <br>5 <br>6 <br>7 <br>8 <br>9 <br>10 <br>11 <br>12 <br>13 <br>14 <br>15 <br>16 <br>17 <br>18 <br>19 <br>20 <br>21 <br>22 <br>23 <br>24 <br>25 <br>26 <br>27 <br>28 <br>29 <br>30 <br>40 <br>50 <br>60 <br>70 <br>80 <br>90 <br>100 <br>200 <br>300 <br>400 <br>500 <br>600 <br>700 <br>800 <br>900 <br>1000
|апоплексия
| jeden, jedna <br>dwa <br>trzy <br>cztery <br>pięć <br>sześć <br>siedem <br>osiem <br>dziewięć <br>dziesięć <br>jedenaście <br>dwanaście <br>trzynaście <br>czternaście <br>piętnaście <br>szesnaście <br>siedemnaście <br>osiemnaście <br>dziewiętnaście <br>dwadzieścia <br>dwadzieścia jeden <br>dwadzieścia dwa <br>dwadzieścia trzy <br>dwadzieścia cztery <br>dwadzieścia pięć <br>dwadzieścia sześć<br>dwadzieścia siedem <br>dwadzieścia osiem <br>dwadzieścia dziewięć<br>trzydzieści <br>czterdzieści <br>pięćdziesiąt <br>sześć dziesiąt <br>siedemdziesiąt <br>osiemdziesiąt <br>dziewiecdziesiąt <br>sto <br>dwieście <br>trzysta <br>czterysta <br>pięćset <br>sześćset <br>siedemset <br>osiemset <br>dziewięćset <br>tysiąc
|apoplexy
| 1st <br>2nd <br>3rd <br>4th <br>5th <br>6th <br>7th <br>8th <br>9th <br>10th <br>11th <br>12th <br>13th <br>14th <br>15th <br>16th <br>17th <br>18th <br>19th <br>20th <br>21st <br>22nd <br>23rd <br>24th <br>25th <br>26th <br>27th <br>28th <br>29th <br>30th <br>40th <br>50th <br>60th <br>70th <br>80th <br>90th <br>100th <br>200th <br>300th <br>400th <br>500th <br>600th <br>700th <br>800th <br>900th <br>1000th
|-
| pierwszy <br>drugi <br>trzeci <br>czwarty <br>piąty <br>szósty <br>siódmy <br>ósmy <br>dziewiąty <br>dziesiąty <br>jedenasty <br>dwunasty <br>trzynasty <br>czternasty <br>piętnasty <br>szesnasty <br>siedemnasty <br>osiemnasty <br>dziewiętnasty <br>dwudziesty, dwódziesty <br>dwudziesty pierwszy <br>dwudziesty drugi <br>dwudziesty trzeci <br>dwudziesty czwarty <br>dwudziesty piąty <br>dwudziesty szósty <br>dwudziesty siódmy <br>dwudziesty ósmy <br>dwudziesty dziewiąty <br>trzydziesty <br>czterdziesty <br>pięćdziesiąty <br>sześćdziesiąty <br>siedemdziesiąty <br>osiemdziesiąty <br>dziewięćdziesiąty <br>setny <br>dwóchsetny <br>trzysetny, trzechsetny <br>czterysetny, czterechsetny <br>pięćsetny <br>sześćsetny <br>siedemsetny <br>osiemsetny <br>dziewięćsetny <br>tysięczny
|апрель<br>
|April<br>
|-
|арендатор<br>
|tenant, leaseholder<br>
|-
|армия<br>
|army<br>
|-
|артиллерист<br>
|artilleryman<br>
|-
|архив<br>
|archive<br>
|-
|архивист, архивариус<br>
|archivist<br>
|}
|}


=== Dates and Time&nbsp;  ===
<br>


In Polish records, dates are usually written out, for example:
===Б===


:''roku tysiąc osemset trzydziestego szóstego dnia dwódziestego trzeciego marca'' [in the year one thousand eight hundredth thirtieth and sixth on the day twentieth third of March (23 March 1836] In some records, two dates are recorded:
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''Transliteration/English'''
|-
|бакалейщик<br>
|Grocer<br>
|-
|барышник<br>
|horse dealer<br>
|-
|батрак<br>
|farm hand, hired hand<br>
|-
|башмачник<br>
|shoemaker<br>
|-
|бедность<br>
|poverty<br>
|-
|бедный<br>
|poor<br>
|-
|бедняк<br>
|pauper<br>
|-
|беженец
|refugee
|-
|безземельный<br>
|landless<br>
|-
|белое духовенство
|clergy who have not taken a monastic vow (allowed to have a wife and children)
|-
|Благороднй<br>
|
noble<br>


:''dnia piątego/siedemnastego Maja'' [on the day 5th/17th of May] The two dates are usually 12 days apart. The first date is based on the Julian calendar (used by the Russian Empire). The second date is based on the present-day Gregorian calendar.
|-
|благородство<br>
|
nobility<br>


To understand Polish dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding "Numbers" section.
|-
|близнец<br>
|twin<br>
|-
|близнецы<br>
|twins<br>
|-
|бобыль<br>
|
poor landless peasant<br>


'''Months'''
|-
|богадельня<br>
|poor house<br>
|-
|болезнь<br>
|illness, disease<br>
|-
|болезнь лёгких<br>
|lung disease, lung illness<br>
|-
|болница<br>
|hospital<br>
|-
|болной<br>
|sick<br>
|-
|боль
|illness, sickness, pain
|-
|бондарь, бочар<br>
|cooper<br>
|-
|боярин<br>
|boyar (m.) pre-1700 aristocrat<br>
|-
|боярство<br>
|the boyars<br>
|-
|боярыня<br>
|boyar, nobleman's wife<br>
|-
|брак, бракосочетанние <br>
|brak, brakosochetannie<br>marriage<br>
|-
|браконьер<br>
|poacher<br>
|-
|бракосочетание<br>
|marriage<br>
|-
|брат
|brother
|-
|брачный обыски
|pre-marital search of records, proving bride and groom are not related
|-
|брачный
|marital (adj.) conjugal
|-
|бременная
|pregnant
|-
|бродяга
|vagabond
|-
|бронхит; бронхитис
|bronchitis
|-
|булочник
|baker
|-
|бухгалтер
|bookkeeper
|-
|бывший
|former
|-
|быть
|to be
|-
|бюргер
|burgher
|}


Polish often abbreviates dates by using a Roman numeral for the month. For example, 13 June 1864 could be written as ''13.VI.1864 ''instead of ''13.czerwca.1864''.
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="40%"
===В===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|''' English'''
|-
|в
|in, on, at
|-
|в час
|at one o'clock
|-
|вдова
|widow
|-
|вдовец
|widower
|-
|ведомость
|register, record, list
|-
|венчание
|wedding ceremony
|-
|веред
|boils
|-
|верность
|accuracy, correctness, truth
|-
|вероисповедание
|religion, faith, creed
|-
|весна
|spring
|-
|весной
|in the spring
|-
|весь
|all, whole, everything
|-
|ветеринар
|veterinarian
|-
|ветрянкя
|chicken pox
|-
|ветрянкя опаса
|chicken pox
|-
|вечер
|evening
|-
|вечера
|in the evening
|-
|вечером
|in the evening
|-
|взрослый
|adult
|-
|владелец
|bearer, owner, propietor
|-
|властный
|authoritative
|-
|внебрачный ребёнок
|illegitimate child
|-
|внук
|grandson
|-
|внучка
|granddaughter
|-
|водянка
|dropsy
|-
|водянка в голове
|dropsy of the head (likely Hydrocephalus)
|-
|военная служба
|military service
|-
|военные документы
|military records
|-
|военный
|military, soldier
|-
|возраст
|age
|-
|возчик
|coachman, carter
|-
|воинский
|military
|-
|война
|war
|-
|волость
|smaller, district, volost' (adm. unit)
|-
|волосы
|hair
|-
|восемнадцатый
|eighteenth
|-
|восемнадцать
|eighteen
|-
|восемьдесят
|eighty
|-
|восемьсот
|eight hundred
|-
|воскресенье
|Sunday
|-
|воспаление
|inflammation
|-
|воспаление кишок
|inflammation of the intestines
|-
|воспаление легких
|inflammation of the lungs
|-
|воспаление мозгова
|inflammation of the brain
|-
|восприемник
|godparent
|-
|восприемница
|godmother
|-
|восприемники
|godparents
|-
|восток
|east
|-
|восточный
|eastern
|-
|восьмидесятый
|eightieth
|-
|восьмисотый
|eight hundredth
|-
|восьмой
|eighth
|-
|время
|time
|-
|всё
|all, everyone, every
|-
|вся
|all, everyone, every
|-
|вступить в брак
|to get married (to enter marriage)
|-
|вступление в брак
|marriage (entering marriage, often used in giving the marriage date)
|-
|вступить на службу
|to go into the service
|-
|вторник
|Tuesday
|-
|второй
|second
|-
|вчера
|yesterday
|-
|вчерашний
|yesterday (adj)
|-
|выдать
|to issue
|-
|выкидыщ
|miscarriage
|-
|выписка
|extract, (record)
|-
|выслать
|to be send
|-
|высокий
|tall
|-
|-
|  
|выходить замуж
| '''English'''
|to marry, to be married (fem)
| '''Polish'''
|-
|-
| I. <br>II. <br>III. <br>IV. <br>V. <br>VI. <br>VII <br>VIII. <br>IX <br>X. <br>XI. <br>XII.
|вышесказанное
| January <br>February <br>March <br>April <br>May <br>June <br>July <br>August <br>September <br>October <br>November <br>December
|the above mentioned
| stycznia <br>lutego <br>marca <br>kwietnia <br>maja <br>czerwca <br>lipca <br>sierpnia <br>września <br>pażdziernika <br>listopada <br>grudnia
|}
|}


<br>'''Days of the Week'''
===Г===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="30%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|г.
|abbreviation for город (city)
|-
|гвардец
|guardsmen
|-
|гвардуия
|guards
|-
|где
|where
|-
|генварь
|general
|-
|генеалогия<br>
|genealogy<br>
|-
|герб
|coat of arms
|-
|герой
|hero
|-
|глаз
|eye
|-
|глухой
|blind
|-
|год
|year
|-
|голод
|hunger, starvation
|-
|гончар
|potter
|-
|горничная
|house maid, chambermaid
|-
|-
| '''English '''<br>Sunday <br>Monday <br>Tuesday <br>Wednesday <br>Thursday <br>Friday <br>Saturday
|горнорабочий
| '''Polish <br>'''niedziela <br>poniedzialek <br>wtorek <br>środa <br>czwartek <br>piątek <br>sobota
|miner
|-
|горняк
|miner
|-
|город
|city
|-
|горячка
|fever; burning ague
|-
|госпиталь<br>
|hospital<br>
|-
|господни<br>
|gentleman, Mr.<br>
|-
|госпожа<br>
|lady, Mrs.<br>
|-
|государственный<br>
|government<br>
|-
|государственный архив<br>
|government archive<br>
|-
|гражданин<br>
|citizen (male)<br>
|-
|гражданка<br>
|citizen (female)<br>
|-
|гражданский, гражданство<br>
|citizenship (adj.), citizenship (noun)<br>
|-
|грамота<br>
|literacy<br>
|-
|грамотный<br>
|literate<br>
|-
|гренадер<br>
|grenadier<br>
|-
|губерния, губ.<br>
|province, guberniya (adm. unit)<br>
|-
|гусар<br>
|hussar, light cavalryman<br>
|}
|}


<br>'''Times of the Day'''
<br>


Polish birth and death records often indicate the exact time of day when the birth or death occurred. This is usually written out.
===Д===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="40%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| '''Polish '''<br>o godzinie drugiej <br>o godzinie siódmej <br>w nocy <br>południe/w południe <br>popołudniu/z południa <br>przed południem<br>północna godzina <br>rano/z rana <br>wieczorem/w wieczór
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| '''English <br>'''at the 2nd hour <br>at the 7th hour <br>at night <br>noon <br>afternoon <br>forenoon <br>midnight <br>in the morning <br>in the evening&nbsp;
|'''English'''
|}
|-
|дано<br>
|was given<br>
|-
|дать<br>
|to give<br>
|-
|два<br>
|two (masc., neut.)
|-
|двадцатый<br>
|twentieth<br>
|-
|двадцать<br>
|twenty<br>
|-
|две<br>
|two (fem.)<br>
|-
|двенадцатый<br>
|twelfth<br>
|-
|двенадцать<br>
|twelve<br>
|-
|двести<br>
|two hundred<br>
|-
|движимость<br>
|movable property<br>
|-
|двойни<br>
|twins<br>
|-
|двойня<br>
|twin<br>
|-
|дворянин<br>
|nobleman
|-
|дворянка<br>
|noblewoman
|-
|дворянский род<br>
|noble line, noble family
|-
|дворянство<br>
|nobility
|-
|двоюродная сестра<br>
|female cousin
|-
|двоюродная брат<br>
|male cousin
|-
|двухсотый<br>
|two hundredth
|-
|дева<br>
|maiden
|-
|деверь<br>
|brother in law, husband's brother
|-
|девица<br>
|maiden, unmarried woman
|-
|Девичья фамилия<br>
|maiden name
|-
|Девочка<br>
|little girl
|-
|девушка<br>
|girl, maiden
|-
|девяносто<br>
|ninety
|-
|девяностый<br>
|ninetieth
|-
|девятисотый<br>
|nine hundredth
|-
|девятнадцатый<br>
|nineteenth
|-
|девятнадцать<br>
|nineteen
|-
|девятый<br>
|ninth
|-
|девять<br>
|nine
|-
|девятьсот<br>
|nine hundred
|-
|дед<br>
|grandfather
|-
|дедушка<br>
|grandfather
|-
|декабрь<br>
|December
|-
|дело<br>
|file, business, matter
|-
|день<br>
|day
|-
|день рождения<br>
|birthday
|-
|дер.
|village (abbreviation of деревня)
|-
|деревня<br>
|village
|-
|десятый<br>
|tenth
|-
|десять<br>
|ten
|-
|дети, детей<br>
|children, children (accusative/genitive)
|-
|детство<br>
|childhood
|-
|дифтерии
|diphtheria
|-
|дисентерия,


<br>


== General Word List  ==
дизентерия<br>
|dysentery
|-
|дитя<br>
|child
|-
|днём<br>
|during the day, in the afternoon
|-
|до<br>
|until, up to, before
|-
|договор<br>
|agreement
|-
|документ<br>
|document
|-
|дом<br>
|house, home, building
|-
|домохозяйка
|housewife
|-
|донести<br>
|to inform
|-
|достигать совершеннолетия<br>
|to com of age, attain one's majority
|-
|дочь<br>
|daughter
|-
|Доярка<br>
|milkmaid
|-
|дровокол<br>
|woodcutter
|-
|дровосек<br>
|woodcutter
|-
|дряхлость<br>
|decrepitude
|-
|дряхлость<br>
|decrepit
|-
|дьякон, диакон
|deacon
|-
|дубильщик<br>
|tanner
|-
|духовенство
|clergy
|-
|духовная консистория<br>
|diocese, consistory
|-
|душевнобольной<br>
|mentally ill
|-
|дыхавиц
|breathing
|-
|дядя<br>
|uncle
|}


This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources.&nbsp; Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in the separate sections prior to this list.
<br>


In this list, optional versions of Polish words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses.&nbsp; Some Polish phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Polish word, not the first word, of the phrase.&nbsp; Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.
===Е===


{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|Еврейские
|"Yevreyskie" or Jewish
|-
|Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть
|"Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast'" or Jewish Autonomous Oblast
|-
|его
|him, his
|-
|её
|her
|-
|евангелический<br>
|Protestant<br>
|-
|еврей<br>
|Jew (m.)<br>
|-
|еврейка<br>
|Jew (f.)<br>
|-
|единокровная сестра<br>
|half sister<br>
|-
|единокровниый брат<br>
|half brother<br>
|-
|-
|  
|епархия<br>
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="5" width="80%" align="center"
|diocese<br>
|-
|-
| align="center" | '''Click&nbsp;the&nbsp;letter&nbsp;below&nbsp;to&nbsp;get&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;words&nbsp;starting&nbsp;with&nbsp;that&nbsp;letter.'''
|епископ<br>
|bishop<br>
|}
|}


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=yes|side=yes|v=|y=}}&nbsp;
<br>
 
===Ё===


{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|}
|}


=== A  ===
<br>


{| border="1" width="100%"
===Ж===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|жар<br>
|Fever<br>
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''Polish'''
|железнодорожник<br>
| '''English'''
|railroad worker<br>
|-
|-
| aby
|желудочной боли
| so that
|stomach pain/sickness
|-
|-
| adoptowany
|желтуха<br>
| adopted
|jaundice<br>
|-
|-
| akatolicki
|жена<br>
| non-Catholic
|wife
|-
|-
| akta małżenstw,<br>akta ślubów
|женатый<br>
| marriage records
|
married man
 
|-
|-
| akta urodzin
|женитьба<br>
| birth records
|marriage (about a man)<br>
|-
|-
| akta zapowiedzi
|жениться<br>
| banns records
|to marry (about a man)
|-
|-
| akta zejść
|женик<br>
| death records
|bridegroom, fiance
|-
|-
| akta zgonów
|женский<br>
| death records
|female
|-
|-
| akuszerka
|женщина
| midwife
|woman
|-
|-
| albo
|жестянщик<br>
| or
|tinsmith
|-
|-
| ale
|живущий на пособии<br>
| but
|welfare recipient
|-
|-
| aptekarz
|жилец<br>
| dispensing chemist, pharmacist
|resident, lodger, occupant
|-
|-
| archiwum
|жилище<br>
| archive
|dwelling
|-
|-
| arendarz
|житель<br>
| lease-holder, innkeeper
|inhabitant, occupant
|-
|-
| artysta
|жительство<br>
| artist
|residence, dwelling
|-
|-
| asystencya
|жительствующий<br>
| assistance
|residing
|-
|-
| austriacki
|жить<br>
| Austrian
|to live, to dwell, to reside
|}
|}


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}&nbsp;
<br>


=== B  ===
===З===


{| border="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|заграничный<br>
|foreign<br>
|-
|ЗАГС
|civil registration (abbreviation of записи актов гражданского состояния)
|-
|заключённый<br>
|(prisoner), concluded<br>
|-
|заключить<br>
|to conclude, to perform<br>
|-
|закон<br>
|law<br>
|-
|законная жена<br>
|lawful wife<br>
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''Polish'''
|законнорождённый<br>
| '''English'''
|legitimately born<br>
|-
|-
| babka
|законность<br>
| grandmother&nbsp;
|legitimacy<br>
|-
|-
| bakalarz
|законный<br>
| teacher, bachelor
|legal, legitimate, lawful<br>
|-
|-
| bałtycki
|замерзшый<br>
| Baltic
|frozen<br>
|-
|-
| bankier
|замечание<br>
| banker
|remark<br>
|-
|-
| będą
|замужество<br>
| they will
|marriage (about a woman)<br>
|-
|-
| będzie
|замужняя<br>
| he/she/it will
|married (about a woman)<br>
|-
|-
| belfer
|занятие<br>
| assistant melamed (teacher) in a Cheder (Hebrew elementary school)
|occupation<br>
|-
|-
| bez
|запад<br>
| without
|west<br>
|-
|-
| bezdzietny
|запасной рядовой
| childless
|reserve soldier, reserve private
|-
|-
| bezimienny
|запасный ветеринарный фельдшер
| unnamed, nameless
|emergency veterinarian
|-
|-
| białoruski
|западный<br>
| Belorussian
|western<br>
|-
|-
| biały
|записи актов гражданского состояния
| white
|records of acts of civil status, civil registration records, vital records
|-
|-
| biegunka
|записи передвиженния<br>
| diarrhea, dysentery
|moving record<br>
|-
|-
| bierzmowanie
|запись<br>
| confirmation
|record(ing), registration<br>
|-
|-
| bieżący<br>roku biezacego
|звание
| current<br>of the current year
|occupation, rank
|-
|-
| biskup
|здешний<br>
| bishop&nbsp;
|local<br>
|-
|-
| blacharz
|землевладелец<br>
| plumber, tinker, or tinsmith
|landowner<br>
|-
|-
| bliski
|земледелец<br>
| near
|peasant, farmer<br>
|-
|-
| bliżnięta
|земледелие<br>
| twins
|agriculture<br>
|-
|-
| błogosławil
|земля<br>
| blessed
|earth, land<br>
|-
|-
| błogosławiony
|земляк<br>
| blessed, the late
|fellow-countyman<br>
|-
|-
| bo
|землячка<br>
| because
|fellow-country woman<br>
|-
|-
| Bóg
|зима<br>
| the Lord
|winter<br>
|-
|-
| bólu
|золовка<br>
| of pain
|sister-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
|-
|-
| bożnica
|зять<br>
| synagogue
|son-in-law, brother-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===И===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Boży
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| the Lord's
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| bracia
|и<br>
| brothers
|and<br>
|-
|-
| brak
|и так далее (и т. д.)<br>
| lack of, is missing
|etc., and so forth, miscellaneous<br>
|-
|-
| brat
|из<br>
| brother
|from, out of<br>
|-
|-
| bratanek
|издозчик<br>
| nephew
|coachman<br>
|-
|-
| bratanica
|изгнанник<br>
| niece
|exiled person<br>
|-
|-
| bratowa
|или<br>
| sister-in-law
|or<br>
|-
|-
| browarnik
|имение<br>
| brewer
|estate<br>
|-
|-
| brukarz
|именной указатель
| paver
|name register (like an index at the back of a book)
|-
|-
| brzemienna
|иметь, имеет<br>
| pregnant
|to have, has<br>
|-
|-
| bufetowy
|иммигрант<br>
| bartender
|immigrant<br>
|-
|-
| burmistrz
|имущество<br>
| mayor
|property<br>
|-
|-
| być
|имя, имена<br>
| to be
|name, names (given name)<br>
|-
|-
| był (byłi)
|инженер<br>
| was (were)
|engineer<br>
|-
|инфлюэнция, инфлюэнсия
|influenza
|-
|исповедные ведомости<br>
|confession lists<br>
|-
|иудей, иуд., иудейский
|Jew, Jewish
|-
|их<br>
|them, their<br>
|-
|июль<br>
|July<br>
|-
|июнь<br>
|June<br>
|}
|}


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}&nbsp;
<br>


=== &nbsp;C  ===
===Й===
No Russian words begin with Й. Only some foreign words.


{| border="1" width="100%"
<br>
 
===К===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|к/ко<br>
|to<br>
|-
|кто
|who
|-
|кем, кѣмъ
|by whom
|-
|какимъ
|(by) which
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''Polish'''
|какое
| '''English'''
|which, what
|-
|-
| cały
|кабатчик<br>
| entire
|innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
|-
|-
| ceglarz
|кавалерист<br>
| brick maker
|cavalryman<br>
|-
|-
| cesarski
|казак<br>
| imperial
|Cossack<br>
|-
|-
| cesarstwo
|казаки
| empire
|Cossacks
|-
|-
| chałupnik,<br>chałupnikow
|казённая палата<br>
| cottager, poor peasant, serf, <br>of serfs
|provincial financial office<br>
|-
|-
| chce
|казенный крестьянин
| he wants
|state peasant
|-
|-
| chłop
|как видно<br>
| peasant, country fellow
|as is seen<br>
|-
|-
| chłopiec
|калека<br>
| boy
|cripple<br>
|-
|-
| choroba
|калесный мастер<br>
| disease
|wheelwright<br>
|-
|-
| chrzczony
|каменщик<br>
| christened
|mason, bricklayer<br>
|-
|-
| chrzest
|канцлер<br>
| christening
|chancellor<br>
|-
|-
| chrzestna, chrzestny
|капитан<br>
| godparent(s)
|captain<br>
|-
|-
| chwilowo
|капрал<br>
| temporarily
|corporal<br>
|-
|-
| ciocia (ciotka)
|Караимы
| aunt
|Crimean Karaites
|-
|-
| cmentarz
|караул<br>
| cemetery, churchyard
|guard<br>
|-
|-
| co
|католический<br>
| what
|Catholic (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
| córka
|кашель<br>
| daughter
|cough<br>
|-
|-
| cudzoziemski
|квартира, кв.
| foreign
|apartment, apt. (abbreviation)
|-
|-
| cukrzyca
|кладбище<br>
| diabetes
|cemetery<br>
|-
|-
| cyrkul
|книга<br>
| district (of a city), ward
|book<br>
|-
|-
| cyrulnik
|коклюш
| barber-surgeon
|whooping cough
|-
|-
| czarny
|колония<br>
| black
|settlment, colony<br>
|-
|-
| czas
|командирован на службу<br>
| time
|ordered, commissioned to service<br>
|-
|-
| czasopismo
|конвульсии
| magazine, periodical
|convulsions
|-
|-
| czasowo
|кондуктор<br>
| temporarily
|conductor, guard<br>
|-
|-
| czemu
|кончина<br>
| why
|demise, death<br>
|-
|-
| czerwca
|конюх<br>
| of June
|groom, stableman<br>
|-
|-
| czerwony
|коробейник<br>
| red
|peddler<br>
|-
|-
| część
|корь<br>
| part, portion
|measles<br>
|-
|-
| czeski
|костёл<br>
| Czech
|church (Catholic)<br>
|-
|-
| często
|который<br>
| often
|which, that, who<br>
|-
|-
| członek
|кочегар<br>
| member
|stoker<br>
|-
|-
| czterdzieści
|красильщик<br>
| forty
|dyer<br>
|-
|-
| czterdziesty
|крвавка
| fortieth
|blood loss from a bleeding wound
|-
|-
| czterechsetny
|крепостной<br>
| four hundredth
|serf<br>
|-
|-
| czternaście
|крепостний крестьянин
| fourteen
|serf
|-
|-
| czternasty
|крестить<br>
| fourteenth
|to christen, to baptize<br>
|-
|-
| cztery
|крестник<br>
| four
|godson<br>
|-
|-
| czterysetny
|крестница<br>
| four hundredth
|goddaughter<br>
|-
|-
| czterysta
|крёстные родители<br>
| four hundred
|godparents<br>
|-
|-
| czwartek
|крестьяне<br>
| Thursday
|peasants<br>
|-
|-
| czwarty
|крестьянин<br>
| fourth
|peasant (m.)<br>
|-
|-
| czy
|крестьянин владеющий землей<br>
| whether (introduces a question)
|landowning farmer<br>
|-
|-
| czyli
|крестьянин государственный
| or
|state peasant
|-
|-
| czynszownik
|крестьянка<br>
| renter
|peasant (f.)<br>
|-
|крещение <br>
|baptism, christening<br>
|-
|круп
|croup
|-
|ксендз<br>
|priest (Catholic)<br>
|-
|кузнец<br>
|blacksmith<br>
|-
|купец<br>
|merchant<br>
|-
|купцы
|merchants
|-
|кухарка<br>
|cook<br>
|-
|кучер<br>
|coachman<br>
|}
|}


&lt;img class="FCK__MWTemplate" src="https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/extensions/FCKeditor/fckeditor/editor/images/spacer.gif" _fckfakelement="true" _fckrealelement="0" _fck_mw_template="true"&gt;
<br>


=== D  ===
===Л===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="75%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| data <br>dawniej <br>dekanat <br>diecezja <br>difteria <br>dla&nbsp;<br>długi <br>dnia <br>doba <br>dobra <br>dobry <br>dodatek <br>dolina <br>dom <br>&nbsp; [z domu]&nbsp;<br>datąd&nbsp; <br>dowód <br>drobny <br>drugi <br>drugiego <br>drzewo genealogiczne&nbsp;<br>duży&nbsp; <br>dwa&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia dziewięć&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia cztery&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia dwa&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia jeden&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia osiem&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia&nbsp;pięć&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia siedem&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia&nbsp;sześć&nbsp;<br>dwadzieścia trzy&nbsp;<br>dwanaście&nbsp;<br>dwieście <br>dwóch imion&nbsp;<br>dwódziesty <br>dwór <br>dwudziesty <br>dwudziesty czwarty <br>dwudziesty drugi <br>dwudziesty ósmy <br>dwudziesty&nbsp;piąty <br>dwudziesty pierwszy <br>dwudziesty siódmy <br>dwudziesty szósty <br>dwudziesty trzeci <br>dwunasty <br>dwusetny (dwóchsetny) <br>dyarya <br>dziad (dziadek)&nbsp;<br>dział&nbsp;<br>dzieciątko&nbsp;<br>dziecię (dziecko) <br>dziedzic <br>dziedzictwo <br>dziedzieczenie&nbsp;<br>dzień&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>dziesiąty&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>dziesięć&nbsp;<br>dziewczę (dziewczyna)&nbsp;<br>dziewiąty<br>dziewię dziewiąty&nbsp;<br>dziewięć&nbsp;<br>dziewięćdziesiąt(y)&nbsp;<br>dziewięćset(ny)&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>dziewiętnaście&nbsp;<br>dziewiętnasty&nbsp;<br>dziś (dzisiaj) <br>dzisiejszy
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| date <br>formerly <br>deanery, division of a diocese <br>diocese <br>diphtheria <br>for <br>long <br>on the day <br>time period of 24 hours <br>estate <br>good <br>supplement, addition <br>valley <br>house <br>&nbsp; [maiden name, from the house of] <br>until now, still <br>proof <br>minor, small <br>second <br>on the second <br>family tree <br>great, big <br>two <br>twenty <br>twenty-nine <br>twenty-four <br>twenty-two <br>twenty-one <br>twenty-eight <br>twenty-five <br>twenty-seven <br>twenty-six <br>twenty-three <br>twelve <br>two hundred <br>having two given names <br>twentieth <br>estate <br>twentieth <br>twenty-fourth <br>twenty-second <br>twenty-eighth <br>twenty-fifth <br>twenty-first <br>twenty-seventh <br>twenty-sixth <br>twenty-third <br>twelfth <br>two hundredth <br>diarrhea <br>grandfather, old man, beggar <br>portion, share <br>infant <br>child <br>heir, country gentleman <br>heritage, inheritance <br>inheritance <br>day <br>tenth <br>ten <br>girl <br>ninth <br>twenty-ninth <br>nine <br>ninety (ninetieth) <br>nine hundred(th) <br>nineteen <br>nineteenth <br>today <br>today's
|'''English'''
|-
|лакей<br>
|lackey, footman<br>
|-
|лейтенант<br>
|lietenant<br>
|-
|лесоруб<br>
|lumberjack<br>
|-
|лет<br>
|years, years old (age)<br>
|-
|лето<br>
|summer<br>
|-
|летом<br>
|in the summer<br>
|-
|лёгкое<br>
|lung, light (adj.)<br>
|-
|литейщик<br>
|foundry worker<br>
|-
|лихорадка<br>
|fever<br>
|-
|лицо<br>
|person, individual, face<br>
|-
|лично<br>
|personally<br>
|-
|лодочник<br>
|boatman<br>
|-
|лоцман<br>
|harbor pilot<br>
|-
|лудильщик<br>
|tinsmith<br>
|}
|}


=== E  ===
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
===М===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|май<br>
|May<br>
|-
|майор<br>
|major<br>
|-
|маленький<br>
|small, little,
|-
|малолетство
|underage, childhood
|-
|маляр<br>
|painter<br>
|-
|мама<br>
|mama<br>
|-
|март<br>
|March<br>
|-
|мастер<br>
|master, foreman<br>
|-
|матрос<br>
|seaman<br>
|-
|мать/матерь<br>
|mother<br>
|-
|мачеха<br>
|stepmother<br>
|-
|между<br>
|between<br>
|-
|медник<br>
|brazier, coppersmith<br>
|-
|мельник<br>
|miller<br>
|-
|мертворождённый<br>
|stillborn<br>
|-
|местечко
|small village or town; often referring to a shtetl (small Jewish village)
|-
|место<br>
|place<br>
|-
|месяц<br>
|month<br>
|-
|метрика<br>
|birth certificate<br>
|-
|метрическая книга
|metrical book (metrical record, vital record book, register of births, marriages, and deaths)
|-
|метрические книги
|metrical books (metrical records)
|-
|метрическое свидетельство
|birth certificate
|-
|меховщик
|furrier
|-
|мещанин
|member of middle class (petty bourgeois, townspeople, artisans or traders) (m.)
|-
|мещанка
|member of middle class (petty bourgeois, townspeople, artisans or traders) (f.)
|-
|младенец<br>
|child, infant (m.)<br>
|-
|младенца
|child, infant (f.)
|-
|младенчество
|infancy
|-
|могила
|grave
|-
|молодой<br>
|young<br>
|-
|моряк<br>
|seaman<br>
|-
|мусульманский<br>
|Islamic<br>
|-
|муж<br>
|husband<br>
|-
|мужик<br>
|peasant<br>
|-
|-
| emigracja <br>ewangelicki
|мужской<br>
| emigration <br>Evangelical, Lutheran
|male<br>
|-
|мужчина<br>
|man<br>
|-
|мэр<br>
|mayor<br>
|-
|мясник<br>
|butcher<br>
|}
|}


=== F  ===
<br>
 
===Н===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|на<br>
|in, on, at, to<br>
|-
|найдёныш<br>
|foundling<br>
|-
|наниматель<br>
|tenant, employer<br>
|-
|народ<br>
|people<br>
|-
|наследник<br>
|heir<br>
|-
|наследование<br>
|inheritance<br>
|-
|настоящий<br>
|present (adj.) this, real, genuine<br>
|-
|национальность
|nationality
|-
|начальник<br>
|head, chief, superior<br>
|-
|не<br>
|no, not<br>
|-
|нет<br>
|no<br>
|-
|невеста<br>
|bride, fiancee<br>
|-
|невестка<br>
|dauther-in-law, sister-in-law (brother's wife)<br>
|-
|неграмотный<br>
|illiterate<br>
|-
|недвижимость<br>
|immovable property<br>
|-
|неделя<br>
|week<br>
|-
|незаконнорождённый<br>
|illegitimately born<br>
|-
|немец<br>
|German (m.)<br>
|-
|нем., немецкий
|German (language)
|-
|немка<br>
|German (f.)<br>
|-
|немой<br>
|dumb<br>
|-
|немощный<br>
|infirm<br>
|-
|немощь<br>
|infirmity
|-
|неопределенная болезнь
|undetermined disease
|-
|неправильный<br>
|wrong, incorrect
|-
|несовершеннолетие<br>
|underage, minority
|-
|несчастья убитъ
|killed in an unfortunate accident
|-
|нижеподписавшийця<br>
|undersigned
|-
|нищий<br>
|beggar
|-
|новобранец<br>
|recruit
|-
|новобрачные<br>
|newlyweds
|-
|новорождённый<br>
|newborn
|-
|нос<br>
|nose
|-
|нотариус<br>
|notary
|-
|ночи, ночью<br>
|at night
|-
|ночь<br>
|night<br>
|-
|-
| familia <br>farbiarz <br>febra <br>felczer <br>folwark <br>fornal <br>fryzjer
|ноябрь<br>
| family <br>dyer <br>fever <br>medical assistant <br>manor farm <br>farm wagon driver <br>barber
|November<br>
|}
|}


=== G  ===
<br>
 
===О===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|o/об/обо
|about
|-
|-
| garbarz <br>gdy <br>gdzie <br>glisty <br>glówny <br>gmina <br>godny <br>godzina <br>golarz <br>góra <br>gorączka <br>górny <br>gorzelnia <br>gospodarz <br>granica <br>grecko-katolicki <br>gromada <br>grudnia <br>grunt <br>gubernia
|оба<br>
| tanner <br>when <br>where <br>intestinal worms <br>main <br>township, community <br>worthy <br>hour <br>barber <br>mountain, hill <br>fever <br>upper <br>distillery <br>farmer (self-sustaining) <br>border <br>Greek-Catholic, Uniate (Greek rite, but under a Roman Pope) <br>group, cluster, hamlet, community <br>of December <br>land, property <br>Russian province
|both<br>
|-
|область<br>
|province, region, oblast<br>
|-
|образование<br>
|education<br>
|-
|обручение<br>
|engagement, betrothal<br>
|-
|обряд<br>
|rite, ceremony<br>
|-
|обструкция, опструкция
|obstruction
|-
|общество<br>
|society, company, community<br>
|-
|объялять<br>
|to declare, state, announce<br>
|-
|обыватель
|commoner, inhabitant
|-
|обыски брачные<br>
|pre-marital search (see брачные обыски)<br>
|-
|оглашение<br>
|marriage bans, announcement<br>
|-
|оглашение имен вступающих в брак<br>
|publication of the names of those about to marry<br>
|-
|один<br>
|one (masc.)<br>
|-
|одиночка
|sole occupant of household
|-
|одна<br>
|one (fem.)<br>
|-
|одно<br>
|one (neuter)<br>
|-
|округ<br>
|okrug, district, territory, area<br>
|-
|октябрь<br>
|October<br>
|-
|он<br>
|he<br>
|-
|она<br>
|she<br>
|-
|оно<br>
|it<br>
|-
|ономедни
|the other day, a couple of days ago, the day before yesterday (or, these days, recently)
|-
|они<br>
|they<br>
|-
|опекун<br>
|guardian<br>
|-
|опись<br>
|list, inventory, series<br>
|-
|оплатить<br>
|to pay<br>
|-
|опструкция, обструкция
|obstruction
|-
|опухоль<br>
|tumor, swelling<br>
|-
|осень<br>
|autumn, fall<br>
|-
|осенью<br>
|in the autumn, in the fall<br>
|-
|основание<br>
|basis, foundation<br>
|-
|оспа<br>
|smallpox<br>
|-
|от<br>
|from<br>
|-
|отлел
|department, office
|-
|отец<br>
|father<br>
|-
|отставка<br>
|retirement, discharge<br>
|-
|отставной<br>
|retired<br>
|-
|отсуствующий<br>
|absent<br>
|-
|отчество<br>
|patronymic<br>
|-
|отчим<br>
|stepfather<br>
|-
|охрана<br>
|guard<br>
|-
|о родившихся
|births (literally: about those who were born)
|-
|о бракосочетавшихся
|marriages (literally: about those who were married)<br>
|-
|о разведшихся
|divorces (literally: about those who were divorced)
|-
|об умершихъ
|deaths (literally: about those who died)<br>
|}
|}


=== H  ===
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
===П===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|падучя
|epilepsy
|-
|падчерица<br>
|stepdaughter<br>
|-
|палач<br>
|butcher, executioner<br>
|-
|папа<br>
|papa, dad<br>
|-
|паралижя
|paralysis
|-
|паралич
|palsy
|-
|паспорт<br>
|passport<br>
|-
|паспортный<br>
|passport (adj.)<br>
|-
|пасынок<br>
|stepson<br>
|-
|пачерица
|step daughter
|-
|паяльщик<br>
|tinsmith, plumber<br>
|-
|пекарь<br>
|baker<br>
|-
|первый<br>
|first<br>
|-
|перевозчик<br>
|ferryman<br>
|-
|переплётчик<br>
|bookbinder<br>
|-
|печатник<br>
|printer<br>
|-
|печать<br>
|stamp, seal, press<br>
|-
|писарь<br>
|clerk, scribe<br>
|-
|письмоводитель
|clerk
|-
|племянник<br>
|nephew<br>
|-
|племянница<br>
|niece<br>
|-
|плотник<br>
|carpenter<br>
|-
|повар<br>
|cook<br>
|-
|повинность<br>
|obligation<br>
|-
|после
|after
|-
|пограничная стража
|border corps
|-
|погребение<br>
|burial<br>
|-
|-
| handlarz <br>herb <br>historia
|подать<br>
| peddler, merchant <br>coat of arms <br>history
|to submit<br>
|}
|-
|поденщик<br>
|day laborer<br>
|-
|подлинник<br>
|original<br>
|-
|подлиный
|
authentic<br>


=== I  ===
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
|-
|-
| i <br>ich <br>imię (imiona) <br>imigracja <br>inaczej <br>inny <br>itd. <br>iż<br>izraelici
|подпись<br>
| and <br>their <br>given name(s) <br>immigration <br>otherwise, alias <br>other <br>and so forth <br>that (know that he died) <br>Jews
|signature<br>
|-
|подпоручик
|second lieutenant
|-
|пожар<br>
|fire<br>
|-
|пожарный<br>
|fireman<br>
|-
|пожилой<br>
|elderly<br>
|-
|позволение<br>
|permission<br>
|-
|покойник<br>
|the deceased (m.)<br>
|-
|покойница<br>
|the deceased (f.)<br>
|-
|покойный<br>
|deceased, late<br>
|-
|пол<br>
|gender, sex<br>
|-
|полагать<br>
|to suppose, to propose<br>
|-
|полдень<br>
|noon, midday<br>
|-
|полк<br>
|regiment<br>
|-
|полковник<br>
|colonel<br>
|-
|полночь<br>
|midnight<br>
|-
|получить<br>
|to receive<br>
|-
|понедельник<br>
|Monday<br>
|-
|понос
|diarrhea
|-
|по полудни<br>
|in the afternoon<br>
|-
|по полуночи<br>
|after midnight<br>
|-
|порока сердца
|heart disease
|-
|портниха<br>
|dressmaker<br>
|-
|портной<br>
|tailor<br>
|-
|поручитель<br>
|bondsman, guarantor<br>
|-
|порушения
|collapse, fall
|-
|поселенец<br>
|settler<br>
|-
|поселение<br>
|settlement<br>
|-
|посемйные списки<br>
|family lists <br>
|-
|послужной список<br>
|service record<br>
|-
|пособие<br>
|allowance, benefit, welfare<br>
|-
|постоянный<br>
|permanent<br>
|-
|потомок<br>
|descendant, offspring<br>
|-
|потомок по прямой линии<br>
|direct discendant<br>
|-
|потомственный<br>
|hereditary<br>
|-
|потомственный почетный
|hereditary honorary citizen, or a hereditary elite social class
|-
|потомство<br>
|posterity, descendants<br>
|-
|похоронен<br>
|buried (m.)<br>
|-
|похоронена<br>
|buried (f.)<br>
|-
|похороны<br>
|burial<br>
|-
|почётные граждане
|honorary citizens, an elite social class, could be hereditary or personal.
|-
|почтальон<br>
|mailman<br>
|-
|прабабушка<br>
|great grandmother<br>
|-
|правнук<br>
|great grandson<br>
|-
|правнучка<br>
|great grandaughter<br>
|-
|православный, православное вероисповедание<br>
|Orthodox Christian, Russian Orthodox<br>
|-
|прадед<br>
|great grandfather<br>
|-
|прапрабабушка<br>
|great great grandmother<br>
|-
|прапрадед<br>
|great great grandfather<br>
|-
|прародитель<br>
|progenitor<br>
|-
|предбрачные свидетельства<br>
|premaritial certificates documenting that the bride and groom are not related<br>
|-
|предок<br>
|ancestro, forefather<br>
|-
|представить<br>
|to produce, to resent<br>
|-
|предшествовать<br>
|to precede<br>
|-
|привилегированный
|privileged, favored
|-
|призвание<br>
|vocation, calling<br>
|-
|призывник<br>
|conscript<br>
|-
|призывные списки<br>
|recruitment lists<br>
|-
|приказчик<br>
|shop assistnace, salesman<br>
|-
|призрев., призреваемый
|a ward (child under protection of a guardian)
|-
|призивные списки
|conscription lists
|-
|принадлежать<br>
|to belong to<br>
|-
|принять<br>
|to accept, to receive<br>
|-
|прислуг
|servant (m.)
|-
|прислуга
|servant (f.)
|-
|присутствие<br>
|presence<br>
|-
|присутствующий<br>
|to be present, in attendance<br>
|-
|приход<br>
|parish, ward<br>
|-
|приходский<br>
|parish, ward (adj.)<br>
|-
|причат<br>
|clergy<br>
|-
|приют<br>
|orphanage<br>
|-
|продавец<br>
|salesman<br>
|-
|продолжение<br>
|continuation<br>
|-
|происходить<br>
|to descend<br>
|-
|происхождение<br>
|descent, origin<br>
|-
|произойти<br>
|to descend from<br>
|-
|прошение<br>
|request (noun)<br>
|-
|псаломщик
|acolyte, parish clerk
|-
|пятидесятый<br>
|fiftieth<br>
|-
|пятисотый<br>
|five hundredth<br>
|-
|пятнадцатый<br>
|fifteenth<br>
|-
|пятница<br>
|Friday<br>
|-
|пятый<br>
|fifth<br>
|-
|пять<br>
|five<br>
|-
|пятьдесят<br>
|fivty<br>
|-
|пятьсот<br>
|five hundred<br>
|}
|}


=== J  ===
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
===Р===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|раб<br>
|slave<br>
|-
|работа<br>
|work<br>
|-
|работник<br>
|laborer (m.)<br>
|-
|работница<br>
|laborer (f.)<br>
|-
|рабочий<br>
|worker<br>
|-
|раввин<br>
|rabbi<br>
|-
|район<br>
|district, raion (modern term)<br>
|-
|развалины
|ruins, remains
|-
|разведённый<br>
|divorced<br>
|-
|развод<br>
|divorce<br>
|-
|размещенный
|placed, situated, located, hosted (adj.)
|-
|разносчик<br>
|peddler<br>
|-
|разрешение<br>
|permission<br>
|-
|разряд<br>
|level, degree, rank<br>
|-
|рак<br>
|cancer<br>
|-
|рак груди/рак в груде
|breast cancer
|-
|рак кожи
|skin cancer
|-
|рак легкого
|lung cancer
|-
|рак желудка/рак в желудке
|stomach cancer
|-
| раскольник<br>
| dissenter, dissident, nonconformist
|-
|ребёнок<br>
|child<br>
|-
|ревизские сказки
|revision Lists
|-
|реестр<br>
|register<br>
|-
|рекрутские списки
|recruitment lists
|-
|религиозный<br>
|religious<br>
|-
|религия<br>
|religion, faith<br>
|-
|ремесленник<br>
|artisan, journeyman<br>
|-
|ремесло<br>
|trade, occupation<br>
|-
|род<br>
|birth, family, kin, sort, type<br>
|-
|родивщихся
|those who were born
|-
|родилась<br>
|was born (f.)<br>
|-
|родились<br>
|were born<br>
|-
|родился<br>
|was born (m.0<br>
|-
|родина<br>
|native land<br>
|-
|родители<br>
|parents<br>
|-
|родиться<br>
|to be born<br>
|-
|родовой<br>
|ancestral<br>
|-
|родом<br>
|by origin<br>
|-
|родоначальник<br>
|ancestor (first generation of a clan)<br>
|-
|родословная<br>
|genealogy, pedigree (book)<br>
|-
|родословная книга<br>
|ancestry book<br>
|-
|родословный<br>
|genealogical<br>
|-
|родственник<br>
|relative (m.)<br>
|-
|родственница<br>
|(relative (f.)<br>
|-
|родство<br>
|relationship, kinship<br>
|-
|роды<br>
|childbirth<br>
|-
|рождение<br>
|birth<br>
|-
|рождения<br>
|births<br>
|-
|Рождество<br>
|Christmas<br>
|-
|рaзрыв сердца
|broken heart
|-
|роспись<br>
|inventory, list<br>
|-
|рот<br>
|mouth<br>
|-
|русский, русская
|Russian (male, female)
|-
|русый<br>
|light brown<br>
|-
|рыбяк<br>
|fisherman<br>
|-
|-
| jak <br>jak duzo <br>jaki <br>jeden <br>jedenaście <br>jedenasty <br>jedna <br>jednak <br>jego <br>jej <br>jest <br>jesteście <br>jesteśmy <br>jeszcze <br>jezioro <br>język <br>jutro <br>już
|рыжий<br>
| how, as <br>as much <br>what kind of <br>one <br>eleven <br>eleventh <br>one <br>but <br>his <br>her <br>is <br>you are <br>we are <br>still, yet <br>lake <br>language <br>morning, tomorrow <br>already
|red-haired<br>
|-
|рядовой<br>
|ordinary (soldier)<br>
|}
|}


=== K  ===
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
===С===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|cмерти
|death
|-
|с<br>
|from, with<br>
|-
|садовник<br>
|gardener<br>
|-
|сам<br>
|self (m.)<br>
|-
|сама<br>
|self (f.)<br>
|-
|сами<br>
|selves<br>
|-
|сапожник<br>
|cobbler, shoemaker<br>
|-
|сват
|father of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law
|-
|сватья
|mother of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law
|-
|свёкор<br>
|father-in-law (husband's father)<br>
|-
|свекровь<br>
|mother-in-law (husband's mother)<br>
|-
|светлый<br>
|light (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
| karta <br>kaszel <br>katolicki <br>kawaler <br>każdy <br>kiedy <br>kilometr <br>kobieta <br>kogo <br>kolek <br>kolki <br>koło <br>kolonista <br>komornik <br>końcowy <br>konfirmacja <br>koniec <br>konsumpcja ciała <br>konto <br>konwulsje <br>korcarz <br>kościół <br>kowal <br>kraj <br>krajowy <br>kramarz <br>krawiec <br>krewny <br>król <br>królestwo <br>królewski <br>krolowa <br>krwotek <br>ksiądz <br>księga <br>księstwo <br>kto <br>który <br>kum <br>kuma <br>kunszt <br>kupiec <br>kupił <br>kuzyn <br>kuzynka <br>kwartał <br>kwietnia
|свидетель, свидетели
| page <br>cough <br>Catholic <br>bachelor <br>each, every <br>when <br>kilometer <br>woman, wife <br>whom <br>of cramps <br>colic <br>around, near, by <br>colonist, settler <br>tenant, poor peasant <br>final, last <br>confirmation <br>end <br>consumption, tuberculosis <br>account <br>convulsions <br>grain merchant <br>church <br>smith <br>region, area, country <br>local <br>stall keeper, merchant <br>tailor <br>blood-relative <br>king <br>kingdom <br>royal <br>queen <br>bleeding, hemorrhage <br>priest <br>book <br>principality, duchy <br>who <br>which, who <br>godfather <br>godmother <br>trade, occupation <br>shopkeeper, merchant <br>he bought <br>cousin (male) <br>cousin (female) <br>quarter (of a year or city) <br>of April
|witness, witnesses
|-
|свидетельство<br>
|certificate, evidence, testimony<br>
|-
|свидетельствовать/ за-<br>
|to witness, to certify<br>
|-
|своебременно<br>
|timely<br>
|-
|свояченица<br>
|sister-in-law (wife's sister)<br>
|-
|святое причастие<br>
|holy communion, the Lord's supper<br>
|-
|святой<br>
|holy<br>
|-
|священник<br>
|priest, clergyman<br>
|-
|север<br>
|north<br>
|-
|северный<br>
|northern<br>
|-
|сегодня<br>
|today<br>
|-
|сегодняшний
|today's, this day (adj.)
|-
|седой<br>
|gray-haired<br>
|-
|седмой<br>
|seventh<br>
|-
|село<br>
|village (with a church)<br>
|-
|семидесятый<br>
|seventieth<br>
|-
|семисотый<br>
|seven hundredth<br>
|-
|семнадцать<br>
|seventeen<br>
|-
|семь<br>
|seven<br>
|-
|семьдесят<br>
|seventy<br>
|-
|семьсот<br>
|seven hundred<br>
|-
|семья<br>
|family<br>
|-
|сентябрь<br>
|September<br>
|-
|серый<br>
|gray<br>
|-
|сестра<br>
|sister<br>
|-
|сирота<br>
|orphan<br>
|-
|скарлатина<br>
|scarlet fever<br>
|-
|скончалась<br>
|died (f.)<br>
|-
|скончался<br>
|died (m.)<br>
|-
|скорняк<br>
|Furrier<br>
|-
|слепой<br>
|blind<br>
|-
|слесарь<br>
|locksmith, metalworker<br>
|-
|слобода
|settlement
|-
|слуга<br>
|servant (m.)<br>
|-
|служанка<br>
|servant (f.)<br>
|-
|служащий<br>
|employee, perfessional<br>
|-
|служба<br>
|service, work<br>
|-
|смерти<br>
|deaths<br>
|-
|смерть<br>
|death<br>
|-
|сноха<br>
|daughter-in-law<br>
|-
|собор<br>
|cathedral<br>
|-
|собрание<br>
|assembly, meeting<br>
|-
|собственник/собственница
|owner
|-
|совершеннолетие<br>
|legal age, majority<br>
|-
|совершить<br>
|to perform<br>
|-
|согласно<br>
|according to, agreed<br>
|-
|содержание<br>
|content<br>
|-
|соединать браком<br>
|to marry<br>
|-
|сожительница
|concubine, cohabitor
|-
|солдат<br>
|soldier<br>
|-
|сорок<br>
|forty<br>
|-
|сороковой<br>
|fortieth<br>
|-
|сословие<br>
|estate, class, social standing<br>
|-
|состоялось<br>
|it happened<br>
|-
|состояние<br>
|status, state, condition, situation<br>
|-
|состояться<br>
|to take place, happen<br>
|-
|сотник<br>
|commander of 100 men<br>
|-
|сотый<br>
|one hundredth<br>
|-
|сочетать брак<br>
|to marry (to)<br>
|-
|среда<br>
|Wedmesday<br>
|-
|средный<br>
|medium (adj.)<br>
|-
|ссылный<br>
|exile, convict<br>
|-
|ссылка<br>
|see..., refer to...; exile, deportation<br>
|-
|старость<br>
|old age<br>
|-
|старый<br>
|old<br>
|-
|стеклодув<br>
|glass blower<br>
|-
|сто<br>
|one hundred<br>
|-
|столяр<br>
|joiner<br>
|-
|сторож<br>
|watchman, guard<br>
|-
|стража<br>
|guard<br>
|-
|страна<br>
|country<br>
|-
|стрелок<br>
|rifleman, marksman<br>
|-
|строитель<br>
|construction worker<br>
|-
|суббота<br>
|Saturday<br>
|-
|суд<br>
|court<br>
|-
|судебный<br>
|judicial<br>
|-
|судья<br>
|judge<br>
|-
|сумашедший<br>
|insance<br>
|-
|супруг<br>
|spouse (m.)<br>
|-
|супруга<br>
|spouse (f.)<br>
|-
|супруги<br>
|married couple<br>
|-
|супружество<br>
|matrimony<br>
|-
|сутки<br>
|day (and night), 24 hours<br>
|-
|счетовод<br>
|accountant, bookkeeper<br>
|-
|сын<br>
|son<br>
|}
|}


=== L  ===
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
===Т===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|таинство<br>
|ordinance, rite, sacrament<br>
|-
|текущий
|current
|-
|тёмный<br>
|dark<br>
|-
|тесть<br>
|father-in-law (wife's father)<br>
|-
|тётя<br>
|aunt<br>
|-
|тёща<br>
|mother-in-law (wife's mother)<br>
|-
|тиф
|typhus
|-
|ткач<br>
|weaver (m.)<br>
|-
|ткачиха<br>
|weaver (f.)<br>
|-
|то есть (т. е.)<br>
|i.e. that is<br>
|-
|тоже<br>
|also<br>
|-
|токарь<br>
|lathe turner<br>
|-
|тонуть<br>
|to drown<br>
|-
|торговец<br>
|merchant, dealer<br>
|-
|третий<br>
|third<br>
|-
|трёхсотый<br>
|three hundredth<br>
|-
|три<br>
|three<br>
|-
|тридцатый<br>
|thirtieth<br>
|-
|тридцать<br>
|thirty<br>
|-
|тринадватый<br>
|thirteenth<br>
|-
|тринадцать<br>
|thirteen<br>
|-
|триста<br>
|three hundred<br>
|-
|трубочист<br>
|chimney sweep<br>
|-
|туберклулёз лёгких<br>
|consumption<br>
|-
|тысяча<br>
|one thousand<br>
|-
|тысячный<br>
|one thousandth<br>
|-
|-
| łacisński <br>las <br>lata <br>lecz <br>lesnik <br>lewy <br>liczący <br>[lat ... liczący] <br>linia <br>lipca <br>listopada <br>litewski <br>łotewski <br>łoże <br>[nieprawego loza] <br>lub <br>lud <br>ludność <br>lutego
|тюрма<br>
| Latin <br>forest, woods <br>years <br>but <br>forester <br>left <br>counting <br>[... years old] <br>line, lineage <br>of July <br>of November <br>Lithuanian <br>Latvian <br>status of legitimacy, bed <br>[illegitimate] <br>or <br>people <br>population <br>of February
|prison<br>
|}
|}


=== M  ===
<br>
 
===У===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|убийство<br>
|murder
|-
|убийца<br>
|murderer, killer
|-
|уволенный<br>
|dismissed, discharged
|-
|-
| ma <br>macocha <br>mączarz <br>madziarski <br>maja <br>mają<br>mający <br>[lat ... mający] <br>majątek <br>majętny <br>majster <br>malarz <br>małoletni <br>mały <br>małżenstwo <br>małżonek <br>małżonka <br>małżonków <br>[małżonków Kowalskich] <br>mapa <br>marca <br>martwo urodzony <br>matka <br>mąż <br>menonici <br>męski <br>metryka <br>męża <br>miał <br>miano <br>mianowicie <br>miasteczko <br>miasto <br>mieć<br>między <br>miejsce <br>miejscowość <br>mieście <br>miesiąc <br>mieszkający <br>mieszkanie <br>mieszkaniec <br>mleczarz <br>młodszy <br>młody<br>[pan młody] <br>[panna młoda] <br>mlodzian (młodziniec) <br>młyn <br>młynarz <br>mniejszy <br>modlitwa <br>[dom modlitwy] <br>mojzeszowy <br>mórg <br>most <br>może<br>mumoze <br>mularz, murarz <br>mylnie <br>myś liwy
|удар<br>
| has <br>stepmother <br>miller <br>Hungarian <br>of May <br>they have <br>having <br>[... years old] <br>property <br>wealthy, property-owning <br>master craftsman <br>painter <br>not of legal age <br>small, little <br>marriage <br>husband <br>wife <br>of the married couple <br>[the Kowalski married couple] <br>map <br>of March <br>stillborn <br>mother <br>husband, man <br>Mennonites <br>male <br>certificate, record <br>of the husband <br>he had <br>name <br>that means, namely <br>small town <br>city <br>to have <br>between <br>place, locality <br>locality <br>town <br>month <br>residing <br>residence <br>inhabitant, resident, citizen <br>dairyman <br>younger <br>young <br>[bridegroom] <br>[bride] <br>young man <br>mill <br>miller <br>lesser, smaller, shorter <br>prayer <br>[house of prayer, synagogue] <br>Jewish <br>morg (1.2 acres) <br>bridge <br>maybe <br>to him <br>mason (bricklayer) <br>mistakenly, erroneously <br>hunter
|stroke
|-
|удостоверение<br>
|certificate
|-
|удостоверить(ся)<br>
|to certify, to witness, to assure oneself
|-
|удочеренная<br>
|adopted (of a daughter)
|-
|удочерение<br>
|adoption (of a daughter)
|-
|удочерить<br>
|to adopt a daughter
|-
|удушья
|difficulty breathing
|-
|уезд<br>
|district, county, uyezd
|-
|указ<br>
|decree
|-
|украинец, украинка
|Ukrainian (male, female)
|-
|улица, ул.
|street, st. (abbreviation)
|-
|умер<br>
|died (masc.)
|-
|умереть<br>
|to die
|-
|умерла<br>
|died (fem.)
|-
|умерший<br>
|deceased
|-
|уметь<br>
|to know how
|-
|унтер-офицер
|non-commissioned officer, petty officer
|-
|уродливый<br>
|deformed (masc.)
|-
|урохдённая<br>
|born as, née (in front of maiden name)
|-
|урядник<br>
|sergeant, or Don Cossacks under-officer
|-
|усыновление<br>
|adoption (of a son)
|-
|усыновленный<br>
|adopted (of a son)
|-
|усыновить<br>
|to adopt a son
|-
|утопнуть<br>
|to drown
|-
|утопший/утопшая
|drowned
|-
|утра, утром<br>
|morning (n.), in the morning (adv.)
|-
|утро<br>
|morning (n.)
|-
|ученик<br>
|pupil, apprentice
|-
|учёный<br>
|scholar (n.), learned (adj.)
|-
|учитель<br>
|teacher (masc.)
|-
|учительница<br>
|teacher (fem.)
|}
|}


=== N  ===
<br>
 
===Ф===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|фабрикант<br>
|manufacturer<br>
|-
|-
| na <br>nad <br>nadać <br>nadane <br>najemnik <br>najmlodszy <br>najstarszy <br>należał<br>należy <br>nam <br>naocznie <br>naoczny świadek <br>naprzód <br>narodzony <br>narzeczona <br>narzeczony <br>nas <br>następny <br>nasz <br>na teraz <br>naturalny <br>natychmiast <br>nauczyciel <br>nawiązanie <br>nazwana <br>nazwisko <br>nerwowa gorączka <br>nic <br>nich <br>nie <br>niedaleko <br>niedziela <br>niegdy (niegdyś) <br>niemiecki <br>niemowlę<br>niepiełnoletni <br>nieprawy <br>nieślubny <br>nie teraz <br>niewiadomy <br>niezamężna <br>nieznajomy <br>nieżonaty <br>nieżyący <br>nigdy <br>nim <br>niniejszy <br>niski <br>niższy <br>noc <br>nowozaśubiona <br>nowozaślubiony <br>nowożeńcy <br>nowy <br>numer
|фамилия<br>
| on, at, around <br>above, upon <br>to give <br>was given <br>day laborer <br>youngest <br>oldest, eldest <br>belonged to <br>belongs <br>to us <br>by eyewitness <br>eyewitness <br>in front of <br>born <br>betrothed, bride <br>betrothed, groom <br>us <br>next <br>our <br>temporarily <br>illegitimate <br>immediately <br>schoolteacher, teacher <br>reference <br>named <br>surname <br>typhoid fever <br>nothing <br>them <br>not, no <br>not far from <br>Sunday, week <br>deceased, former, the late <br>German <br>infant <br>not of legal age, minor <br>illegitimate <br>unmarried, illegitimate <br>not yet <br>unknown <br>unmarried woman <br>unknown <br>unmarried man <br>deceased, not living <br>never <br>him <br>this, the present <br>low, short <br>lower <br>night <br>newlywed bride <br>newlywed groom <br>newlyweds <br>new <br>number
|surname, family<br>
|-
|февраль<br>
|February<br>
|-
|фольварк
|manor farm
|-
|фонд<br>
|record group<br>
|}
|}


=== O  ===
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
===Х===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| o <br>ob. <br>obecność <br>oberżysta <br>obrzęd <br>obrzezanie <br>obszar <br>obydwaj <br>obywatel <br>ochrzczony <br>od <br>odbyty <br>odmienny <br>odpowiadać<br>odra <br>odwrócenie <br>oglasał <br>ogrodnik <br>ojciec <br>ojczym <br>okazał <br>około <br>okręg <br>okupnik <br>olejów <br>on <br>ona <br>onegdajszy <br>oni <br>opatrzony <br>opiekun <br>opis <br>opłata <br>opuchlizna <br>oraz <br>osada <br>osiadły <br>osiem <br>osiemdziesiąt(y) <br>osiemnaście <br>osiemnasty <br>osiemset(ny) <br>osłabienie <br>ósmy <br>osoba <br>ospa <br>ostatni <br>oświadczenie <br>oświadczył&nbsp; <br>otrzymał <br>owdowiałla <br>owdowiały <br>ozenił sie <br>ożeniony
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| about, concerning <br>see <br>presence <br>tavern keeper <br>rite, ceremony <br>circumcision <br>area <br>both <br>inhabitant, citizen <br>christened, baptized <br>from, since <br>performed <br>various <br>to reply <br>measles <br>conversion <br>announced, published <br>poor peasant, crofter, gardener <br>father <br>stepfather <br>showed <br>about, around <br>precinct, district <br>local resident <br>of oil <br>he <br>she <br>day before yesterday <br>they <br>provided <br>guardian <br>description <br>fee, cost <br>dropsy, edema, swelling <br>and, also <br>large settlement <br>settled (at), residing (at) <br>eight <br>eighty (eightieth) <br>eighteen <br>eighteenth <br>eight hundred(th) <br>weakness <br>eighth <br>person <br>of smallpox <br>last, recent <br>statement <br>declared, testified <br>received <br>widowed <br>widowered <br>married a wife <br>married
|'''English'''
|-
|хозяин<br>
|landowner, proprietor<br>
|-
|холод<br>
|cold<br>
|-
|холостой<br>
|single, unmarrier<br>
|-
|холость<br>
|single man, bachelor<br>
|-
|холостяк<br>
|bachelor<br>
|-
|хромой<br>
|lame, limping<br>
|}
|}


=== P  ===
<br>
 
===Ц===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| pan <br>pani <br>panna <br>pański <br>[roku pańskiego] <br>państwowy <br>parafia <br>parobek <br>pasierb <br>pasterz <br>października <br>pełnoletność&nbsp; <br>piątek <br>piąty <br>pięć&nbsp; <br>pięćdziesiąt(y) <br>pięćset(ny) <br>piekarz <br>pierwszego <br>pierwszy <br>piętnaście <br>piętnasty <br>pisać <br>pismo <br>płci męskiej<br>płci żeńskiej <br>płeć <br>po <br>pochowanie <br>pod <br>podatek <br>podług <br>podobny <br>podpis <br>podpisany <br>podrzutek <br>podwójny <br>pogrzeb <br>pogrzebany <br>pól <br>pólnoc <br>połóg <br>polski <br>południe <br>pomorski <br>poniedziałek <br>ponieważ<br>poprzedni <br>poprzedzil <br>posiada <br>poślubił <br>poszukiwanie <br>potem <br>potok <br>pow. (powiat) <br>powinowaty <br>powyższe <br>pozostały <br>pozostawi<br>pozwolenie ł<br>prababa (prababka) <br>pracowity <br>pradziadek <br>prawdopodobnie <br>prawego łoża <br>prawny <br>prawo <br>prawosławny <br>prawowity <br>prawy <br>proboszcz <br>prośba <br>prosimy <br>protestancki <br>pruski <br>przed <br>przedtem <br>przekonal <br>przesłany <br>przeszły <br>[roku przeszlłego] <br>przez <br>przodem <br>przodków <br>przy <br>przyczyna <br>przyjaciel <br>przypadek <br>[z bojazni przypadku] <br>przyrodni <br>przytomność<br>przyzwolenie <br>puchlina
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| sir, Mr., Lord <br>lady, Mrs. <br>maiden, Miss <br>Lord's <br>[in the year of our Lord] <br>state, of the state <br>parish <br>farmworker <br>stepchild <br>herdsman <br>of October <br>age of consent, legal age <br>Friday <br>fifth <br>five <br>fifty (fiftieth) <br>five hundred(th) <br>baker <br>on the first <br>first <br>fifteen <br>fifteenth <br>to write <br>letter, correspondence <br>male <br>female <br>gender, sex <br>after <br>burial <br>under <br>tax <br>according to <br>similar <br>signature <br>signed <br>foundling <br>duplicate <br>burial <br>buried <br>half <br>midnight, north <br>childbirth, labor <br>Polish <br>noon, south <br>Pomeranian <br>Monday <br>because <br>previous <br>preceded <br>has, is in possession of <br>married <br>research, search of <br>after <br>stream <br>district <br>relative <br>previously mentioned <br>left behind, surviving <br>left behind, was survived by <br>permission <br>great-grandmother <br>diligent, hard-working <br>great-grandfather <br>in all likelihood, probably <br>legitimate <br>legal <br>law, right <br>orthodox <br>legitimate <br>right, true <br>parish priest <br>request <br>we request <br>Protestant <br>Prussian <br>in front of, before <br>before <br>convinced <br>sent <br>preceding <br>[of the preceding year] <br>by <br>before <br>of ancestors <br>by, with, during <br>cause, reason <br>friend <br>circumstance, occurrence, case <br>[for fear of the circumstance (i.e., emergency baptism)] <br>step-, half-, (as in stepbrother, half brother) <br>presence <br>consent <br>dropsy, edema, swellling
|'''English'''
|-
|цвет<br>
|color<br>
|-
|церковь<br>
|church<br>
|-
|цыган<br>
|Gypsy<br>
|}
|}


=== R  ===
<br>
 
===Ч===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| r. (roku) <br>rabin <br>rak <br>rano <br>raz <br>[drugi raz] <br>razem <br>reformowany <br>religia <br>religijny <br>robotnik <br>rocznik <br>roczny <br>ród <br>rodowód <br>rodzeństwo <br>rodzice <br>rodzice chrzestni <br>rodzina <br>rok <br>rolnik <br>rosyjski <br>również<br>rozwiedziony <br>rozwód <br>ruski <br>rybak <br>rynek <br>rządowy <br>rzeka <br>rzezak, rzeźnik <br>rzymsko-katolicki
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| in the year <br>rabbi <br>cancer <br>in the morning <br>once, time <br>[second time] <br>together <br>Reformed Protestant, Calvinist <br>religion <br>religious, of the church <br>worker <br>yearbook <br>annual <br>family, clan, descent <br>genealogy, pedigree <br>sibling <br>parents <br>godparents <br>family <br>year <br>tenant farmer, husbandman, farmer <br>Russian <br>also, too <br>divorced <br>divorce <br>Russian, Ruthenian, Ukrainian <br>fisherman <br>marketplace <br>governmental <br>river <br>butcher, circumciser (mohel) <br>Roman Catholic
|'''English'''
|-
|час <br>
|hour, time<br>
|-
|часовщик<br>
|watchmaker<br>
|-
|чахотка<br>
|consumption<br>
|-
|четверг<br>
|Thursday<br>
|-
|четвёртый<br>
|fourth<br>
|-
|четыре<br>
|four<br>
|-
|четыреста<br>
|four hundred<br>
|-
|четырёхсотый<br>
|four hundredth<br>
|-
|четырнадцать<br>
|fourteen<br>
|-
|чёрное духовенство
|clergy who have taken a monastic vow (not allowed to have a wife or children)
|-
|чин<br>
|rank, grade<br>
|-
|чиновник<br>
|official, bureaucrat<br>
|-
|чирей
|boil
|-
|число<br>
|date, number<br>
|-
|член<br>
|member<br>
|-
|что<br>
|what, that<br>
|-
|чума<br>
|plague<br>
|}
|}


=== S  ===
<br>
 
===Ш===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|шахтёр<br>
|miner<br>
|-
|швер<br>
|seamstress<br>
|-
|шестидесятый<br>
|sixtieth<br>
|-
|шестисотый<br>
|six hundredth<br>
|-
|шестнадцать<br>
|sixteenth<br>
|-
|шестой<br>
|sixth<br>
|-
|-
| są <br>sąd <br>samy <br>sąsiad <br>setny <br>się <br>siedem <br>siedemdziesiat <br>siedemnaście <br>siedemnasty <br>siedemset(ny) <br>sierota <br>sierpnia <br>siódmy <br>sioło <br>siostra <br>siostrzenica <br>siostrzeniec <br>składał<br>skończył<br>skorowidz <br>skurcze <br>skutek <br>słabość <br>słaby <br>śląski <br>sławetny <br>slawny <br>słowacki <br>słownik <br>ślub <br>ślubny <br>sługa <br>służąca <br>służący <br>śmierć<br>snać<br>sobie <br>sobota <br>spażenie <br>spis <br>spłodzone <br>społeczeństwo <br>sprzedarz <br>średni <br>środa <br>środek <br>stan <br>starość <br>starosta <br>starozakonny <br>starszy <br>stary <br>stawiający się<br>stawił się<br>stelmach <br>sto <br>stolarz <br>stolica <br>strona <br>stryj <br>stulecie <br>stycznia <br>suchoty <br>sukiennik <br>swiadectwo <br>świadek <br>swięty <br>swój (swego) <br>swója (swojei) <br>syn <br>synagoga <br>synowa <br>synowie <br>sześć <br>sześćdziesąit(y) <br>sześćset(ny) <br>szesnaście <br>szesnasty <br>szewc <br>szkarlatyna <br>szkoła <br>szkolnik <br>szlachecki (szlachety) <br>szlachta <br>szlub <br>szósty <br>szwagier <br>szwagierka <br>szynkarz
|шесть<br>
| they are <br>court <br>same <br>neighbor <br>one hundredth <br>self <br>seven <br>seventy <br>seventeen <br>seventeenth <br>seven hundred(th) <br>orphan <br>of August <br>seventh <br>village <br>sister <br>niece <br>nephew <br>submitted, presented <br>completed <br>index <br>cramps <br>cause <br>weakness, sickness <br>weak <br>Silesian <br>renowned <br>famous <br>Slovak <br>dictionary <br>marriage, wedding <br>married, wedded, legitimate <br>servant <br>servant girl <br>serving <br>death <br>perhaps <br>self <br>Saturday <br>burn <br>list, census, index <br>begotten, born <br>society <br>merchant, dealer <br>cental, middle, average <br>Wednesday <br>middle <br>status, condition <br>old age <br>perfect <br>Jew (Orthodox) <br>older, elder <br>old <br>the one presenting himself <br>presented himself, appeared <br>cart maker, wheel maker <br>hundred <br>cabinetmaker <br>capital city <br>page <br>uncle (paternal) <br>century <br>of January <br>consumption, tuberculosis <br>cloth-maker <br>certificate <br>witness <br>holy <br>his, her own <br>his, her own <br>son <br>synagogue <br>daughter-in-law <br>sons <br>six <br>sixty (sixtieth) <br>six hundred(th) <br>sixteen <br>sixteenth <br>shoemaker <br>scarlet fever <br>school <br>rabbi's assistant, teacher <br>noble <br>nobility <br>see slub <br>sixth <br>brother-in-law <br>sister-in-law <br>tavern keeper
|six<br>
|-
|шестьсот<br>
|six hundred<br>
|-
|шинкарь<br>
|innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
|-
|шкарлатина
|scarlet fever
|-
|шорник<br>
|harness maker, saddler<br>
|-
|шурин<br>
|brother-in-law (wife's brother)<br>
|}
|}


=== T  ===
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
===Щ===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| t. (tom) <br>taki <br>także <br>tam <br>tamowanie <br>tamtejszy <br>tamże <br>targownik <br>tego (tegoż) <br>tej (tejże) <br>ten (ta, też) <br>teść<br>tężec <br>tkacz <br>to <br>tom <br>towarzystwo <br>trudniący się<br>trzeci <br>trzy <br>trzydzieści <br>trzydziesty <br>trzymał<br>[trzymał do chrztu] <br>trzynaście <br>trzynasty <br>trzysetny (trzechsetny) <br>trzysta <br>tu <br>tudzież <br>tutaj <br>tutejszy <br>twierdza <br>tydzień<br>tygodnie <br>tylko <br>tysiąc <br>tysięczny <br>tytuł
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| volume <br>such as <br>also <br>there <br>opposition, objection <br>of that place <br>in the same place <br>peddler <br>this, the same <br>this, the same <br>this, the same <br>father-in-law <br>tetanus <br>weaver <br>it, this <br>volume <br>society <br>earning a living <br>third <br>three <br>thirty <br>thirtieth <br>held, kept <br>[stood as godparents] <br>thirteen <br>thirteenth <br>three hundredth <br>three hundred <br>here <br>also, likewise <br>here <br>of this place <br>fortress <br>week <br>weeks <br>only <br>thousand <br>one thousandth <br>title, name
|'''English'''
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|}
|}


=== U  ===
<br>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
===Э===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| ubogi <br>ukraijnski <br>ul. (ulica) <br>umarł<br>umieją <br>umowa <br>umrzeć <br>uprzejmie <br>urodzenie <br>urodził się<br>urodzin <br>urodzony <br>urząd <br>urząd stanu cywilnego <br>urzędnik<br>ustny <br>utrzymajacy się<br>uwagi
|эмигрант
| poor <br>Ukrainian <br>street, road <br>died <br>they know how <br>contract, agreement <br>to die <br>politely <br>birth <br>was born <br>of births <br>born, wellborn (noble) <br>office <br>civil registration office <br>registrar, officer, clerk <br>verbal, oral <br>supporting self (by) <br>remarks
|emigrant
|}
|}


=== W  ===
<br>
 
===Ю===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| w <br>w. (wieku) <br>waleczny <br>was <br>wasz <br>wcześnie <br>wczoraj <br>wczorajszy <br>wdowa <br>[wdowa po Józefie] <br>wdowiec <br>we <br>według <br>węgierski <br>wiadomo <br>wiadomość <br>wiadomy <br>wieczorem <br>wiek <br>wielki <br>wielmożny <br>wielu <br>wierzchni <br>wieś<br>wikarjusz (wikary) <br>wiorst (wierst) <br>wioska <br>właściciel <br>włóka <br>włościanin <br>włoski <br>wnuczek <br>wnuczka <br>wnuk <br>woda <br>wodna puchlina <br>wojenny <br>województwo <br>wojskowy <br>wolny <br>wraz <br>września <br>wschód <br>wsi <br>wśród <br>wśtępnie <br>wszakże <br>wszystko <br>wtedy <br>wtorek <br>wuj (wujek) <br>wyciąg <br>wydany <br>wykonał<br>wyrażenie <br>wyrobnik <br>wysoki <br>wyznania <br>wyższy <br>wzgórze <br>wzmianki
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| in <br>century <br>courageous, gallant <br>you <br>your <br>early <br>yesterday <br>yesterday's <br>widow <br>[widow of Józef] <br>widower <br>in <br>according to <br>Hungarian <br>it is known <br>knowledge <br>known <br>in the evening <br>age, century <br>great, large <br>powerful noble, magnate <br>many, much <br>upper <br>village <br>vicar, priest <br>a measurement of distance (1067 meters) <br>little village <br>proprietor, owner <br>30 morgs (36 acres) <br>peasant <br>Italian <br>grandson <br>granddaughter <br>grandchild <br>water <br>dropsy, edema <br>military <br>province <br>military <br>free, not a serf, unmarried <br>together with, with <br>of September <br>east <br>of the village <br>in the midst of <br>initially, temporarily <br>but <br>all <br>at that time <br>Tuesday <br>uncle (maternal) <br>extract <br>published <br>performed, did, accomplished <br>statement <br>dayworker, laborer <br>high <br>religion <br>upper <br>hill <br>remarks
|'''English'''
|-
|юг
|south
|-
|южный
|southern
|-
|юрист
|lawyer
|}
|}


=== X  ===
<br>
 
===Я===


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|Я
|I
|-
|явиться; явился, явилась<br>
|to appear; appeared (m., f.)<br>
|-
|-
| xiądz <br>xięga
|январь<br>
| priest <br>book
|January<br>
|}
|}


=== Z  ===
<br>  
 
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%"
|-
| z <br>[z (Surname +ending)] <br>za <br>zachód <br>żaden (żadna) <br>żadna <br>zagrodnik <br>zamek <br>zamężna <br>zamieszkały <br>zamieszkanie <br>zapalenie płuc <br>zapowiedź <br>zaręczona <br>zaręczyny <br>zarwarli <br>zarząd <br>zaślubiać<br>zaślubiony <br>zaślużony <br>zastępca <br>zaszło <br>zatem <br>zatrudnienie <br>zawarli <br>zawarte <br>zawartość <br>zawarty <br>zawód <br>zawsze <br>zdrój <br>że <br>[ze (surname+ending] <br>ze <br>żebrak <br>zejść <br>żeńska <br>zeszły <br>zezwolenie (zgoda) <br>zgon <br>zgromadzony <br>zięć<br>zielony <br>ziemia <br>złoty <br>zmarł<br>zniszczenie <br>znowu <br>zobacz <br>żołnierz <br>żona <br>zostający <br>został <br>zostawił<br>zrobiony <br>zrodzony <br>zwany <br>zwrot <br>życie <br>życzenie <br>żydowski <br>żyjący
| with, from <br>[maiden name] <br>to <br>west <br>none <br>none <br>peasant, farmer who has his farmhouse <br>palace, castle <br>wife, a married woman, married <br>residing at <br>residence <br>pneumonia <br>marriage proclamations, banns <br>engaged <br>engagement, betrothal <br>they agreed <br>administration <br>to marry <br>married <br>in servitude, serf <br>assistance <br>happened, occurred <br>then, therefore <br>occupation, profession <br>they agreed, contracted <br>agreed <br>content <br>agreed, contracted <br>occupation, profession <br>always <br>spring, spa <br>with, from <br>[maiden name] <br>that (know that he died) <br>beggar <br>death <br>female <br>preceding <br>permission <br>death <br>gathered, collected <br>son-in-law <br>green <br>earth <br>gold, unit of money <br>died, deceased <br>destruction <br>again <br>see <br>soldier <br>wife <br>residing, staying <br>was, accomplished, remained, left <br>left behind <br>written (in a document) <br>born <br>called, known as <br>application, remark <br>life, age <br>desire, wish <br>Jewish <br>living
|}


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[[Category:Poland Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Word List]]  
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Katerina Schmidt, AG®
Reviewer, editor, pagecreator
379

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