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Emigration records are records of people leaving a country. Immigration records are records of people entering a country. Records of emigration and immigration include passenger lists, permissions to emigrate, records of passports issued, lists of transported prisoners, and registers of assistance to emigrate. These records may contain the name, age, occupation, destination, place of origin or birthplace, date of departure, and date and ship of arrival of the person immigrating or emigrating. Names of fellow passengers may suggest familial relationships or provide hints about a passenger's place of origin or destination.
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Many emigration and immigration sources not discussed in this section are listed in:


Smith, Frank''. Smith's Inventory of Genealogical Sources: Ireland''. (FHL book Ref 941.5 D23s.)


A more detailed discussion of emigration and immigration records is also provided in:
See the [https://www.familysearch.org/en/help/helpcenter/lessons/irish-emigration-to-north-america-before-during-and-after-the-famine-part-1 Irish Emigration to North America: Before, During, and After the Famine]tutorial on FamilySearch.org
and [https://www.familysearch.org/en/help/helpcenter/lessons/ireland-beginning-research-series-immigration-part-2-famine-and-post-famine-sources Ireland Beginning Research Series Immigration Part 2: Famine and Post Famine Sources] tutorial at FamilySearch.org. More [[Ireland Online Learning|Irish Online Classes]].


Falley, Margaret Dickson. ''Irish and Scotch-Irish Ancestral Research.'' 2 vols. Evanston, Illinois: Margaret Dickson Falley, 1961-62. (FHL book Ref 941.5 D27f 2 vols.)
|}
== Online Databases==
*[http://immigrants.byu.edu/search/simple Immigrant Ancestors Project]
*[http://www.dunbrody.com/get-involved/irish-emigration-database/ Irish Emigration Database]
*[https://www.dippam.ac.uk/ied Irish Emigration Database]
*[http://www.cimorelli.com/ireland/irishpass.htm Irish Immigrants Database]
*[https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=1gEPDH-Y5EEmL_78yhM2a4zc81C6_yVU&ll=44.667225129560414%2C-27.848331045285764&z=4 World Passenger Lists Maps]
*[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48490/ Passengers from Ireland] - at Ancestry ($), index
*[https://www.johngrenham.com/records/passenger_urls.php?StartLetter=A#passengerlists Irish Ancestors' Passenger-lists ]
*'''1600s-1900s''' [https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/ireland-society-of-friends-quaker-migration-records Ireland, Society Of Friends (Quaker) Migration Records] at Findmypast - index ($)
*'''1654-1878''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=62327 Palatine German Immigration to Ireland and U.S., Hank Z Jones Collection, 1654-1878] at Ancestry — index & images ($)
*'''1682-1750''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=7516 Immigration of Irish Quakers to Pennsylvania, 1682-1750] - at Ancestry ($), index
*'''1735-1743''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48474/ Emigrants from Ireland to America, 1735-1743] - at Ancestry - index & images ($)
*'''1775-1825''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61849/ Irish Emigrants in North America, 1775-1825, Part 1-6] - at Ancestry, index & images ($). 
*'''1787-1933''' {{RecordSearch|1967749|United Kingdom, Maritime Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1787-1933}} at FamilySearch - [[United Kingdom, Maritime Births, Marriages, and Deaths - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index
*'''1802-1814''' {{FSC|362469|item|disp=List of immigrants recorded at New York, 1802-1814. Northern Ireland}}, images only.
*'''1803-1850''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48494/ An Alphabetical Index to Ulster Emigration to Philadelphia, 1803-1850] - at Ancestry, index & images ($). 
*'''1803-1806''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48482/ Irish Passenger Lists, 1803-1806] - at Ancestry, index ($)
*'''1810-1811, 1826-1869''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1587/ England, Alien Arrivals, 1810-1811, 1826-1869] - at Ancestry, index & images ($).  
*'''1822-1889''' [https://immigrantships.net/irish_arg/irish_arg1822_29.html Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild Irish to Argentina 1822-1889]
*'''1831-1920''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/5060/ Searching for Missing Friends: Irish Immigrant Advertisements Placed in “The Boston Pilot," 1831-1920]- at Ancestry, index & images ($). 
*'''1833-1839''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62369/ Irish Emigration Lists, 1833-1839] at Ancestry, index ($)
*'''1841-1849''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48480/ Irish Emigration to New England through the Port of Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, 1841 to 1849] at Ancestry, index ($).  
*'''1846-1851''' [https://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=180&tf=F&cat=GP44&bc=sl Ireland Famine Emigrants Online (1846-1851)] 
*'''1846-1851''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=5969 New York, Irish Immigrant Arrival Records, 1846 - 1851] at Ancestry,  ($)
*'''1846-1851''' [http://www.findmypast.com/articles/world-records/full-list-of-united-states-records/immigration-and-travel/irish-famine-immigrants-1846-1851 Irish Famine Immigrants, 1846 - 1851] at Findmypast ($), index
*'''1847-1852''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48473/ Emigrants from Ireland, 1847-1852] - at Ancestry - index & images ($).
*'''1847-1871''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48579/ Irish Passenger Lists, 1847-1871] at Ancestry, index ($)
*'''1850s''' [http://limerickslife.com/workhouse-emigration/ Workhouse Emigration – 1850s Limerick], index.
*'''1850-1883''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8760/ New York Emigrant Savings Bank, 1850-1883] at Ancestry, index ($)
*'''1863-1920''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62047/ Ireland, Crew Lists and Shipping Agreements, 1863-1920] at Ancestry - index & images ($)
*'''1890-1960''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2997/ UK and Ireland, Outward Passenger Lists, 1890-1960] - at Ancestry - index & images ($).
*'''1891-1922''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=62598 UK, Registers and Indexes of Births, Marriages and Deaths of Passengers and Seamen at Sea, 1891-1922] at Ancestry — index & images ($)
*'''1892-1924''' [https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?q.anyPlace=ireland&q.anyPlace.exact=on&f.collectionId=1368704&count=20&offset=0&m.defaultFacets=on&m.queryRequireDefault=on&m.facetNestCollectionInCategory=on New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island), 1892-1924] - Search results for Ireland
*'''1946-1971''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61704/ Free Access: Africa, Asia and Europe, Passenger Lists of Displaced Persons, 1946-1971] Ancestry, free. Index and images. Passenger lists of immigrants leaving Germany and other European ports and airports between 1946-1971. The majority of the immigrants listed in this collection are displaced persons - Holocaust survivors, former concentration camp inmates and Nazi forced laborers, as well as refugees from Central and Eastern European countries and some non-European countries.
===Emigration to Canada===
*[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61849/ Irish Emigrants in North America, Part 1-6] - at Ancestry, index & images ($). 
*'''1823-1849''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1553&cj=1&netid=cj&o_xid=0001029688&o_lid=0001029688&o_sch=Affiliate+External Irish Canadian Emigration Records, 1823-1849] at Ancestry, index ($) 
*'''1826''' {{RecordSearch|3736278|Ireland, Parliamentary Papers on Emigration to Canada, 1826}} at FamilySearch - [[Ireland, Parliamentary Papers on Emigration to Canada - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index, images available through Findmypast
*'''1828-1849''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1553/ Irish Canadian Emigration Records, 1828 - 1849] at Ancestry ($)
*'''1841-1849''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48480/ Irish Emigration to New England through the Port of Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, 1841 to 1849] at Ancestry, index ($).


== Emigration from Ireland ==
===Scottish Emigration to Ireland===


No records are required for movements within the British Isles (England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Isle of Man, and Channel Islands). Records were not required for free emigrants to the United States until 1773, to Canada until 1865, or to Australia, New Zealand, or South Africa until the twentieth century. There was no systematic, official method of emigration from Ireland. As a result, you may not find emigration records for your Irish ancestor.


Emigration from Ireland began as early as 1603, when people immigrated to areas such as continental Europe, the islands of the Caribbean, the British colonies, and other parts of the British Isles. Emigration increased during periods of civil or religious unrest or famine in Ireland as well as during various gold rushes in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States. The period of greatest emigration began around 1780 and reached its peak from 1845 to 1855, when more than two million people left Ireland because of the potato famine. The following categories of emigrants account for most people who emigrated from Ireland:
===Australia===
*{{FSC|2673164|item|disp=Official lists of passengers arriving in South Australia from overseas, 1888-1892, 1894, 1896-1940}}, index & images. Immigrant passenger arrivals in South Australia.


* '''Free emigrants.''' Starting in the seventeenth century, emigrants left Ireland to seek opportunity in a new land; to flee religious persecution, poverty, or oppression; and to seek political asylum following rebellion in Ireland.
=====Convicts=====
*'''1787-1857''' {{FSC|835338|item|disp=Archives relating to the transportation of convicts from Ireland to Australia}} images only. Each entry includes name, age, offence, sentence, date and place of conviction, date of transportation and gaolers' comments.
*'''1788–1868'''  [http://findingaids.nationalarchives.ie/index.php?category=18&subcategory=147 Ireland-Australia transportation database] National Archives of Ireland
:::[https://www.nationalarchives.ie/article/penal-transportation-records-ireland-australia-1788-1868/ Guide to penal transportation records: Ireland to Australia, 1788–1868]
*'''1789-1790''' [https://search.ancestry.com.au/search/db.aspx?dbid=1178 Australian Convict Transportation Registers – Second Fleet, 1789-1790] at Ancestry, index & images ($)
*'''1791-1816''' {{FSC|246154|item|disp=List of convict ships and prisoner's names from Ireland to Sydney, 1791-1816}} at FamilySearch Catalog; images only


* '''Assisted emigrants'''. In the nineteenth century, qualified emigrants received passage money or land grants as incentives to emigrate. Assistance was viewed by officials as an alternative to providing poor relief for able-bodied, unemployed workers and for the starving masses during famine. After 1840, colonies such as New Zealand and Australia offered money or land grants to skilled workers to attract needed immigrants.
====The Irish Ancestor Periodical====
There are many Indexes in '''''The Irish Ancestor''''', of convicts '''requesting wife and children to be sent out to Australia''', at the government's expense.  
*[https://www.genealogycenter.info/persi/ PERiodical Source Index (PERSI] at Allen County Public Library; index
*[https://www.irishancestors.ie/members-area/the-irish-ancestor/#:~:text=Written%20by%20the%20renowned%20genealogist,with%20a%20significant%20Irish%20diaspora  FIGRS Index to the The Irish Ancestor] ($)
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/irish-ancestor/oclc/866309300 WorldCat listing of libraries holding The Irish Ancesor collection]
*[https://www.irishfamilyhistorycentre.com/store/687 The Irish Ancestor 1969-1986 Digital Download] ($)
====Earl Grey Irish Female Orphans Records====
Earl Grey's Famine Orphan Scheme transported 4114 Irish orphan girls to the New South Wales colony. At the height of the Irish Famine, the Earl Grey scheme fashioned a plan to ease overcrowding in the workhouses of Ireland, while providing serving staff and a way to help settle the new Australian colony.
*'''1848-1850''' [https://irelandxo.com/ireland-xo/visiting/famine-orphans-cork-australia-1848-1850-inc-mallow-orphans Famine Orphans from Cork to Australia 1848-1850]
*'''1848-1850''' [https://www.geni.com/projects/Earl-Grey-Irish-Female-Orphans-in-Australia/15952 Earl Grey Irish Female Orphans in Australia] Passenger Lists
*'''1850''' [https://www.chrissyfletcher.com/eliza-caroline/ Irish Orphan Girls who sailed on the Eliza Caroline] The “Eliza Caroline” arrived in Port Phillip on 31 March 1850.


* '''Transported prisoners'''. From 1611 to 1870, more than fifty thousand Irish criminals were sentenced to deportation to a penal colony for a number of years. Beginning with Irishmen who rebelled against Cromwell's army in 1649, political prisoners were also often deported. Many Irish prisoners were sent to America, primarily to Virginia and Maryland, until 1775. From 1788 to 1869, over forty thousand Irish prisoners were sent to Australia. Many of those deported were later pardoned on the condition that they would never return to Ireland.
===Passenger Lists '''to''' Ireland===
*'''1858-1870''' {{RecordSearch|3499249|Ireland and Britain, Transatlantic Migration from North America, 1858-1870}} at FamilySearch - [[Ireland and Britain, Transatlantic Migration from North America - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; passenger lists from United States to England and Ireland. Index, images available on [https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/transatlantic-migration-from-north-america-to-britain-and-ireland-1858-1870 Findmypast]
*'''1878-1960''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1518/ UK and Ireland, Incoming Passenger Lists, 1878-1960] - Ancestry - index & images ($).


* '''Military personnel'''. Soldiers serving overseas were offered land or other inducements to settle in the colony where they were serving when they were discharged. This settlement practice was common for soldiers in Australia from 1791, Canada from 1815, and New Zealand from 1844.
==Emigration and Immigration==
'''Emigration records are about people leaving a country. Immigration records are about people entering a country.''' <br>
Records of emigration and immigration include:
*passenger lists,
*permissions to emigrate,
*records of passports issued,
*lists of transported prisoners, and
*registers of assistance to emigrate.<br>
These '''records may contain,''' for the person immigrating or emigrating:
*the name,
*age,
*occupation,
*destination,
*place of origin or birthplace,  
*date of departure, and  
*date and ship of arrival.<br>
Names of '''fellow passengers''' may suggest '''familial relationships''' or provide hints about a passenger's '''place of origin or destination'''.  
<br>


=== Finding the Emigrant's Place of Origin ===
No records are required for '''movements within the British Isles countries (England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Isle of Man, and Channel Islands)'''.
<br>


Once you have traced your family back to an Irish emigrant ancestor, you must determine the place in Ireland from which that ancestor came. For ancestors who were born, married, or died after 1863 (1845 for some marriages), you may be able to find the place of origin by using the government indexes to birth, marriage, and death registrations.
Records were '''not required''' for free emigrants:
*to the United States until 1773,  
*to Canada until 1865, or to
*Australia, New Zealand, the British West Indies, or South Africa until the twentieth century.<br>
'''No countrywide, official record was kept for people leaving Ireland.'''


You may also learn your ancestor's place of origin by talking to family members or through documents (in an archive or library or in the possession of a relative), such as birth, marriage, and death certificates, obituaries, gravestone inscriptions, journals, photographs, letters, family Bibles, military records, society and lodge records, land petitions and deeds, church records, naturalization applications and petitions, passenger lists, newspaper announcements or articles, passports, and family heirlooms.
==Finding the Town of Origin in Ireland==
If you are using emigration/immigration records to find the name of your ancestors' town in Ireland, see [[Ireland Finding Town of Origin|'''Ireland Finding Town of Origin''']] for additional research strategies.


=== Records of Irish Emigrants in Their Destination Countries ===


Immigration records of the country to which your ancestor immigrated may help you determine your ancestor's place of origin, occupation, and age. Knowing an approximate date and port of arrival or the name of the ship on which your ancestor sailed will help you search immigration records. Many immigration records are held in repositories, usually in the destination country. The immigration records that are available at the Family History Library are generally listed in the Place Search of the catalog under:


[DESTINATION COUNTRY] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
==Irish Emigration--Irish Diaspora==
[[Image:Off to America p. 32.jpg|thumb|right|300px<center>Off to America<center>]]
The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_diaspora '''Irish diaspora'''] consists of Irish emigrants and their descendants especially in countries such as:
*the United States [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Americans (see Irish Americans)],
*Irish immigration to [[Irish immigrants in New York City|New York City.]]
*the United Kingdom [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_migration_to_Great_Britain (see Irish migration to Great Britain] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish-Scots Irish-Scots,] not to be confused with Ulster-Scots aka Scots-Irish),
*Canada ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish-Scotssee Irish Canadians,] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Quebecers Irish Quebecers,] Irish Newfoundlanders),
*Australia [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Australians (see Irish Australians),]
*New Zealand [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_New_Zealanders (see Irish New Zealanders),]
*and Argentina [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Argentine (see Irish Argentine),] where vibrant Irish communities continue to exist. <br>
To a lesser extent, Irish people also immigrated to:
*Chile [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Chileans (see Irish Chilean),]
*Brazil [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Brazilians (see Irish Brazilians),]
*Uruguay [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Uruguayans (see Irish Uruguayan),]
*Mexico [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_immigration_to_Mexico (see Irish immigration to Mexico),]
*South Africa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_immigration_to_Barbados (see Irish South African),]
*and nations of the Caribbean
**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_immigration_to_Barbados Irish immigration to Barbados,]
**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_people_in_Jamaica Irish people in Jamaica,]
**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_immigration_to_Puerto_Rico Irish immigration to Puerto Rico,]
**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_immigration_to_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis Irish immigration to Saint Kitts and Nevis]
*and continental Europe [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_people_in_mainland_Europe (see Irish people in mainland Europe).]<br>
''' The diaspora contains over 80 million people and it is the result of mass migration from Ireland, due to past famines (especially the Great Famine), poverty, and political oppression. <ref>"List of diasporas", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diasporas#I, accessed 29 June 2021.</ref>


'''United States'''. Immigrant lists from the various ports of entry provide the most information on Irish immigrants to the United States. While several ports of entry existed, the majority of Irish immigrants came through New York. The following published lists and indexes of information on Irish immigrants to America are found in the Family History Library's US/Canada collection:
=== Reasons Irish Emigrated  ===


Filby, P. William and Mary K. Meyer, eds. ''Passenger and Immigration Lists Index''. 3 vols. plus supps. Detroit, Michigan: Gale Research Co., 1981-. (FHL book Ref 973 W32p.) This ongoing series indexes more than 1,000 published lists of Irish immigrants to the United States.
[[Image:Emigrants leave Ireland.jpg|thumb|right|<center>Emigrants leave Ireland<center>]]The Irish throughout history had many reasons for leaving Ireland. As well many among those remaining in Ireland ''would'' have emigrated but were unable to, due to poverty or impoverishment. Many Irishmen during the Great Famine years who did embark were in such sickened and critically weakened condition that death followed many while traversing the high seas to their new world home.  


Filby, P. William and Mary K. Meyer, eds. ''Passenger and Immigrations Lists Bibliography, 1538-1900.'' 2d ed. Detroit, Michigan: Gale Research Co., 1988. (FHL book 973 W33p 1988.) This bibliography references over 2,500 published lists of Irish immigrants to the United States that will eventually be included in Filby's ''Passenger and Immigrations Lists Index.''
Generally, the Irishman's reasons for emigrating--if not compelled to do so, to countries abroad were due to an intolerable convergence of circumstances including, but not limited to:


Glazier, Ira A., ed. ''The Famine Emigrants: Lists of Irish Immigrants Arriving at the Port of New York, 1846-51''. 7 vols. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1983-86. (FHL book Ref Q 974.71 W3f.) These volumes contain many lists and indexes of Irish immigrants to the United States.
*dire economic conditions that destituted families
*austere political policies such as the Crown's Penal laws (from 1695-1829)
*a series of circumstances surrounding devastating crop failures especially in the mid-19th Century.  
*social and religious persecution against most nonconformists and Catholics (the dominant segment of Irish society)


Harris, Ruth-Ann M., and Donald M. Jacobs, eds. ''The Search for Missing Friends: Irish Immigrant Advertisements Placed in the "Boston Pilot."'' 3 vols. Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1989-93. (FHL book Ref 974.461 H29s.) These volumes list more than ten thousand Irish immigrants to the United States and their places of origin. The information is based on advertisements run between 1831 and 1856.
For a more complete list detailing the devastating effects of the Penal Laws and the main reasons for emigrating, read [[Compelling Reasons Why The Irish Emigrated]].


Lists of passengers arriving at most U.S. ports after 1820 are available at the Family History Library. Many are indexed. For more information on these lists and indexes, see the United States Research Outline.
=== Types of Emigration from Ireland  ===
Emigration from Ireland began as early as 1603, when people immigrated to areas such as continental Europe, the islands of the Caribbean, the British colonies, and other parts of the British Isles. Emigration increased during periods of '''civil or religious unrest or famine in Ireland as well as during various gold rushes in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States.''' The period of greatest emigration began around 1780 and reached its peak from 1845 to 1855, when between one and two million people left Ireland because of the potato famine. The following categories of emigrants account for most people who emigrated from Ireland:


To learn more about the emigration process and life on board an American-bound emigrant ship, see the following book:
*'''Free emigrants.''' Starting in the seventeenth century, emigrants left Ireland to seek opportunity in a new land; to flee religious persecution, poverty, or oppression; and to seek political asylum following rebellion in Ireland.


Coleman, Terry. ''Going To America.'' New York, New York: Pantheon Books, 1972. (FHL book 973 W2cg.)
*'''Assisted emigrants'''. In the nineteenth century, qualified emigrants received passage money or land grants as incentives to emigrate. Assistance was viewed by officials as an alternative to providing poor relief for able-bodied, unemployed workers and for the starving masses during famine. After 1840, colonies such as New Zealand and Australia offered money or land grants to skilled workers to attract needed immigrants.


To find United States immigration records at the Family History Library, look in the Place Search of the catalog under:
*'''Transported prisoners'''. From 1611 to 1870, more than fifty thousand Irish criminals were sentenced to deportation to a penal colony for a number of years. Beginning with Irishmen who rebelled against Cromwell's army in 1649, political prisoners were also often deported. Many Irish prisoners were sent to America, primarily to Virginia and Maryland, until 1775. From 1788 to 1869, over forty thousand Irish prisoners were sent to Australia. Many of those deported were later pardoned on the condition that they would never return to Ireland.


UNITED STATES - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
*'''Military personnel'''. Soldiers serving overseas were offered land or other inducements to settle in the colony where they were serving when they were discharged. This settlement practice was common for soldiers in Australia from 1791, Canada from 1815, and New Zealand from 1844.


'''Canada'''. From 1815 to 1850, Canada was the primary destination of Irish emigrants. Until 1900, the major ports of immigrant arrivals were Quebec City and Halifax. After 1900, arrivals were more widespread. Canadian passenger lists are rare before 1865. Those from 1865 to 1900 are available at the Family History Library. For more information on Canadian immigration records, see the [http://www.familysearchwiki.org/resolveuid/0da240e3af32c68a676e4347891cabc4 Canada Research Outline].
=== Records of Irish Emigrants in Their Destination Countries  ===


'''Australia'''. In 1788, Australia was founded as a British penal colony. Australian immigration records vary in content and coverage by state. Some contain such details as the immigrant's birthplace; residence in Britain; education; mother's maiden name; and father's name, occupation, and residence. Some are indexed. In Australia, immigration records are kept at state archives. Most pre-1900 Australian immigration records are available at the Family History Library and are listed in the Place Search of the catalog under:
{|
|-
|[[File:Dark thin font green pin Version 4.png|150px]]
|<span style="color:DarkViolet">One option is to look for records about the ancestor in the '''country of destination, the country they immigrated into'''. See links to Wiki articles about immigration records for '''major''' destination countries below. Additional Wiki articles for other destinations can be found at [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Category:Emigration_and_Immigration_Records '''Category:Emigration and Immigration Records'''.]  </span>
|}
{|
|-
|style="padding-right:75px"|
*[[United States Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Canada Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[England Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Scotland Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Australia Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[New Zealand Emigration and Immigration]]
|
*[[Argentina Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Chile Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Brazil Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Uruguay Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Mexico Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[South Africa Emigration and Immigration]]
|
*[[Barbados Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Jamaica Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Puerto Rico Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Saint Kitts and Nevis Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[Spain Emigration and Immigration]]
*[[France Emigration and Immigration]]
|}


AUSTRALIA, [STATE] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION RECORDS
==For Further Reading==
There are additional sources listed in the FamilySearch Catalog:
*{{FSC|Ireland - Emigration and immigration|subject|subject-id=641586538|disp=Ireland - Emigration and immigration}}
*{{FSC|Ireland - Emigration and immigration - Indexes|subject|subject-id=1056869091|disp=Ireland - Emigration and immigration - Indexes}}
*{{FSC|Ireland - Minorities|subject|subject-id=203280253|disp=Ireland - Minorities}}
*{{FSC|Ireland - Naturalization and citizenship|subject|subject-id=1100642850|disp=Ireland - Naturalization and citizenship}}
*{{FSC|Ireland - Naturalization and citizenship - Indexes|subject|subject-id=1190012049|disp=Ireland - Naturalization and citizenship - Indexes}}


'''New Zealand'''. In 1840 the British began colonizing New Zealand. Most immigrants to New Zealand received some form of assistance either from the New Zealand Company or from a government or church association set up to encourage immigration. Besides the age, origin, and occupation, New Zealand immigration records usually include additional details such as the wife's and children's names and ages and details of settlement. Many New Zealand immigration records are available at the Family History Library and are listed in the Locality Search of the catalog under:
==References==
<references/>


NEW ZEALAND, [PROVINCE] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION RECORDS
{{Place|Ireland}}


Naturalization records in the destination country can be more helpful than immigration records in determining your ancestor's place of origin. To learn more about naturalization records, consult the "Naturalization and Citizenship" section of the destination country's research outline, if available, or see [[Tracing Immigrant Origins]]


== British Records of Irish Emigration ==
[[Category:Ireland Emigration and Immigration]] [[Category:Scots-Irish]] [[Category:Irish]] [[Category:Ireland_Emigration_and_Immigration]]
 
Many records of Irish emigration are kept in England. To effectively search these records, it helps to know the approximate date of emigration, the ship in which your ancestor emigrated, the type of or reason for emigration, or the previous residence of your ancestor in Britain. If you know the ship name, Lloyd's ''Register of British and Foreign Shipping, 1776-1880 ''(LaCrosse, Wisconsin: Brookhaven Press, 1981; FHL fiche 6024581-5194 6025259-95, 6053006-7; not available at Family History Centers) may provide additional details on the ship, including ports of embarkation and arrival. Once you have gathered background information, you can search British emigration records including:
 
'''Passenger lists'''. Passenger lists are port records listing departing or arriving passengers. British passenger departure lists are rare before 1890. From January 1890, records were kept of passengers departing from ports in England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. These lists usually give the emigrant's name, age, occupation, departure date, address in the United Kingdom, and sometimes destination. These records are arranged by date and by port of departure. They are kept at the Public Record Office, Kew. The Family History Library does not have copies of these records. Therefore, you may want to check Irish emigrant lists that have been compiled from these records and published in recent years by such authors as Ira A. Glazier, Michael Tepper, and Brian Mitchell.
 
'''Assisted emigrant registers'''. Assisted emigrant registers list people applying for assistance to emigrate. These records often contain the petitioner's name, age, occupation, residence, destination, name of sponsor, address of relative, and size of family. The registers available at the Family History Library appear in the Place Search of the catalog under the following headings:
 
IRELAND - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
 
GREAT BRITAIN - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
 
== Immigration into Ireland ==
 
Immigrants to Ireland came primarily from elsewhere within the British Isles or from continental Europe by way of England. Specific groups of immigrants included refugees from various wars (such as the French Revolution), Huguenots, Germans, and Jews. Ireland kept no official immigration records, so you must rely primarily on (1) English records of immigrants who passed through England on their way to Ireland and (2) emigration records of the country from which your ancestor moved.
 
No consistent records of arrivals into the United Kingdom were kept until 1836. Beginning in 1836, certificates of entering aliens were kept. These are arranged by port. They provide name, nationality, profession, date of arrival, country last visited, and the signature of the alien. The Public Records Office, Kew has an alphabetical index to these certificates.
 
Beginning in 1878, passenger lists were kept of those entering the United Kingdom (see "British Records of Irish Emigration" in this section). Passenger lists no longer exist for the years between 1878 and 1883. Records surviving from 1883 to 1891 are for the Irish ports of Cork (Queenstown), Londonderry, and Belfast. After 1891 the records are more complete. However, passengers from Europe or the Mediterranean are rarely listed. These passenger lists are arranged by port and are kept at the Public Record Office, Kew.
 
One good, though limited, source of information on British immigrants, especially for before 1836, is naturalization and denization records.
 
Other sources of information on people entering Ireland include court records, state papers, and plantation and settlement records.
 
The Family History Library has few records of immigration into Ireland. The sources the library does have are mostly published works. They are listed in the Place Search of the catalog under the following headings:
 
IRELAND - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
 
ENGLAND - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
 
GREAT BRITAIN - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
 
The library may have emigration records of the country from which your ancestor moved. These are listed in the Locality Search of the catalog under:
 
[COUNTRY OF ORIGIN] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
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