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Identifying Place Names in German documents: Difference between revisions
Identifying Place Names in German documents (view source)
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Often the first letter of a given spelling for a certain place name is incorrect, but many times other letters in the middle of the place name are also incorrect. Some place names may have additional letters at the end which should not be there, other place names may have letters missing that should be there. The researcher who is familiar with German place names may recognize the correct name of a misspelled town or village, but often it is very difficult and sometimes almost impossible to determine the correct spelling of a given place name. The examples below from actual research problems indicate how certain letters may have been used by the scribe and how they appear in modern gazetteers. | Often the first letter of a given spelling for a certain place name is incorrect, but many times other letters in the middle of the place name are also incorrect. Some place names may have additional letters at the end which should not be there, other place names may have letters missing that should be there. The researcher who is familiar with German place names may recognize the correct name of a misspelled town or village, but often it is very difficult and sometimes almost impossible to determine the correct spelling of a given place name. The examples below from actual research problems indicate how certain letters may have been used by the scribe and how they appear in modern gazetteers. | ||
'''Letters A and E''' | *'''Letters A and E''' | ||
Example''': '''<u>'''Ai'''</u>chberg, Württemberg found in gazetteer as <u>'''Ei'''</u>chberg | Example''': '''<u>'''Ai'''</u>chberg, Württemberg found in gazetteer as <u>'''Ei'''</u>chberg | ||
'''Letters B and P''' | *'''Letters B and P''' | ||
''' Example: '''<u>'''B'''</u>ermesens, Pfalz, Bavaria was the place name given in United States records. It was identified as <u>'''P'''</u>irmasens in German gazetteers. | ''' Example: '''<u>'''B'''</u>ermesens, Pfalz, Bavaria was the place name given in United States records. It was identified as <u>'''P'''</u>irmasens in German gazetteers. | ||
'''Letters C and K''' | *'''Letters C and K''' | ||
<u>'''C'''</u>albine, Arswaldy, Brandenburg = <u>'''K'''</u>ölpin, Arnswalde, Brandenburg<br> | <u>'''C'''</u>albine, Arswaldy, Brandenburg = <u>'''K'''</u>ölpin, Arnswalde, Brandenburg<br> | ||
'''Letters C and Z''' | *'''Letters C and Z''' | ||
''' '''Example''': '''<u>'''C'''</u>yzow was found in the gazetteer as <u>'''Z'''</u>üssow, Pommern.<br> | ''' '''Example''': '''<u>'''C'''</u>yzow was found in the gazetteer as <u>'''Z'''</u>üssow, Pommern.<br> | ||
'''Letters Ch and G''' | *'''Letters Ch and G''' | ||
Ber<u>'''ch'''</u>eim = Ber<u>'''g'''</u>en | Ber<u>'''ch'''</u>eim = Ber<u>'''g'''</u>en | ||
'''Letters Ch, Ck & K''' | *'''Letters Ch, Ck & K''' | ||
Na<u>'''ch'''</u>e = Na<u>'''ck'''</u> | Na<u>'''ch'''</u>e = Na<u>'''ck'''</u> | ||
'''Letters Cz and Sch''' | *'''Letters Cz and Sch''' | ||
Ca<span style="display: none" id="1270245903408S"> </span>'''''cz'''''ulin (parish Zirke) Posen = Kat'''sch'''ulin | Ca<span style="display: none" id="1270245903408S"> </span>'''''cz'''''ulin (parish Zirke) Posen = Kat'''sch'''ulin | ||
'''Letters D and T''' | *'''Letters D and T''' | ||
Bree'''d'''sen = Brie'''t'''zen, Schlesien | Bree'''d'''sen = Brie'''t'''zen, Schlesien | ||
'''Letters E and A ''' | *'''Letters E and A ''' | ||
Gutm'''''e'''''udingen = Gutm'''a'''dingen<br> | Gutm'''''e'''''udingen = Gutm'''a'''dingen<br> | ||
'''Letters E and I''' | *'''Letters E and I''' | ||
Borod'''ee'''no, Bessarabia = Borod'''i'''no, Bessarabia<br> | Borod'''ee'''no, Bessarabia = Borod'''i'''no, Bessarabia<br> | ||
'''Letters Ei and I''' <br> | *'''Letters Ei and I''' <br> | ||
'''Letters F and V''' | *'''Letters F and V''' | ||
Al'''f'''ertissen = Al'''v'''erdissen | Al'''f'''ertissen = Al'''v'''erdissen | ||
'''Letters F and Pf''' | *'''Letters F and Pf''' | ||
Rhinefalls = Rheinpfalz<br> | Rhinefalls = Rheinpfalz<br> | ||
'''Letters F and W <br>''' | *'''Letters F and W <br>''' | ||
'''Letters F and Ph <br>''' | *'''Letters F and Ph <br>''' | ||
'''Letters G and K''' | *'''Letters G and K''' | ||
I'''g'''en = E'''ck'''en, Schleswig-Holstein | I'''g'''en = E'''ck'''en, Schleswig-Holstein | ||
'''Letter H''' (it can be added to a word or omitted). | *'''Letter H''' (it can be added to a word or omitted). | ||
Hoen-Selchow = Ho'''h'''enselchow, Pommern<br> | Hoen-Selchow = Ho'''h'''enselchow, Pommern<br> | ||
'''Letters I and E''' | *'''Letters I and E''' | ||
Pos'''i'''n = Pos'''e'''n<br> | Pos'''i'''n = Pos'''e'''n<br> | ||
'''Letters I and Ei ''' | *'''Letters I and Ei ''' | ||
Kr'''i'''s = Kr'''ei'''s [district]<br> | Kr'''i'''s = Kr'''ei'''s [district]<br> | ||
'''Letters I and Y'''<u></u> | *'''Letters I and Y'''<u></u> | ||
Ba'''i'''ern = Ba'''y'''ern<br> | Ba'''i'''ern = Ba'''y'''ern<br> | ||
'''Letters I and J''' | *'''Letters I and J''' | ||
G'''i'''errup = G'''j'''errup<br> | G'''i'''errup = G'''j'''errup<br> | ||
'''Letters J and Y <br>''' | *'''Letters J and Y <br>''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''''Letters J and I <br>''''' | *'''''Letters J and I <br>''''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters K and C <br>''' | *'''Letters K and C <br>''' | ||
'''Letters K and Ch''' | *'''Letters K and Ch''' | ||
Tü'''k'''skov = Tü'''ch'''schau, Schleswig-Holstein<br> | Tü'''k'''skov = Tü'''ch'''schau, Schleswig-Holstein<br> | ||
'''Letters K and G''' | *'''Letters K and G''' | ||
A'''k'''litten, East Prussia = Au'''g'''litten, Ostpreussen<br> | A'''k'''litten, East Prussia = Au'''g'''litten, Ostpreussen<br> | ||
'''Letters Ks and X''' | *'''Letters Ks and X''' | ||
Roc'''ks'''heim = Ro'''x'''heim, Pfalz<br> | Roc'''ks'''heim = Ro'''x'''heim, Pfalz<br> | ||
'''Letters L and N <br>''' | *'''Letters L and N <br>''' | ||
<br>'''Letters M and N <br>''' | <br>'''Letters M and N <br>''' | ||
'''Letters N and M <br>''' | *'''Letters N and M <br>''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters O and U''' | *'''Letters O and U''' | ||
B'''oo'''kheim, Friberg = B'''u'''chheim, Freiburg, Baden<br> | B'''oo'''kheim, Friberg = B'''u'''chheim, Freiburg, Baden<br> | ||
| Line 250: | Line 250: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters Ow and Au''' | *'''Letters Ow and Au''' | ||
Schwies'''ow''' = Schwies'''au'''<br> | Schwies'''ow''' = Schwies'''au'''<br> | ||
| Line 256: | Line 256: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters P and B <br>''' | *'''Letters P and B <br>''' | ||
Sto'''pp'''en Holstein in United States records is identified as Stu'''bb'''en Kr. Stormarn, <br> | Sto'''pp'''en Holstein in United States records is identified as Stu'''bb'''en Kr. Stormarn, <br> | ||
'''Letters Ph and F <br>''' | *'''Letters Ph and F <br>''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters p and ss '''(Transcriber deciphered ß as p) | *'''Letters p and ss '''(Transcriber deciphered ß as p) | ||
Pru'''p'''ia [Pru'''ß'''ia]= Pru'''ss'''ia | Pru'''p'''ia [Pru'''ß'''ia]= Pru'''ss'''ia | ||
| Line 272: | Line 272: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters Qu and Kw or Kv<br>''' | *'''Letters Qu and Kw or Kv<br>''' | ||
'''Qu'''ars [German] is the same as '''Kv'''aers [Danish]<br> | '''Qu'''ars [German] is the same as '''Kv'''aers [Danish]<br> | ||
'''Letters R and H <br>''' | *'''Letters R and H <br>''' | ||
'''Letters S and Z''' | *'''Letters S and Z''' | ||
Elsen'''s''' = Elsen'''z<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1270244471296_291" />''', Pfalz<br> | Elsen'''s''' = Elsen'''z<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1270244471296_291" />''', Pfalz<br> | ||
| Line 284: | Line 284: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters Sch and Sz''' | *'''Letters Sch and Sz''' | ||
Bor'''sch'''ymman, East Prussia = Bor'''sz'''ymmen, Ostpreussen<br> | Bor'''sch'''ymman, East Prussia = Bor'''sz'''ymmen, Ostpreussen<br> | ||
'''Letters Sch and Ch <br>''' | *'''Letters Sch and Ch <br>''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters Sch and S''' | *'''Letters Sch and S''' | ||
'''Sch'''wanstrup = '''S'''vanstrup [Also note that w and v are interchangeable].<br> | '''Sch'''wanstrup = '''S'''vanstrup [Also note that w and v are interchangeable].<br> | ||
| Line 298: | Line 298: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters Sch and Cz <br>''' | *'''Letters Sch and Cz <br>''' | ||
'''Letters Sch and G <br>''' | *'''Letters Sch and G <br>''' | ||
'''Letters Sch and Sk''' | *'''Letters Sch and Sk''' | ||
'''Sch'''eldegaard [German] is found in Danish gazetteers as '''Sk'''eldegaard. | '''Sch'''eldegaard [German] is found in Danish gazetteers as '''Sk'''eldegaard. | ||
'''Letters Sh and Sch''' | *'''Letters Sh and Sch''' | ||
Bame'''sh''' Leebow = Böhmi'''sch''' Liebau<br> | Bame'''sh''' Leebow = Böhmi'''sch''' Liebau<br> | ||
| Line 312: | Line 312: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters T and D''' | *'''Letters T and D''' | ||
Alfer'''t'''issen = Alver'''d'''issen<br> | Alfer'''t'''issen = Alver'''d'''issen<br> | ||
| Line 318: | Line 318: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters Ts and Z <br>''' | *'''Letters Ts and Z <br>''' | ||
<br>'''Letters Tsch, Tzsch and Z <br>''' | <br>'''Letters Tsch, Tzsch and Z <br>''' | ||
'''Letters Tz and Z <br>''' | *'''Letters Tz and Z <br>''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters T and Th''' | *'''Letters T and Th''' | ||
'''T'''edinghaused = '''Th'''edinghausen<br> | '''T'''edinghaused = '''Th'''edinghausen<br> | ||
'''Letters U and O''' | *'''Letters U and O''' | ||
St'''u'''lp = St'''o'''lp, Pommern<br> | St'''u'''lp = St'''o'''lp, Pommern<br> | ||
'''Letters U and V <br>''' | *'''Letters U and V <br>''' | ||
'''Letters V and F <br>''' | *'''Letters V and F <br>''' | ||
'''Letters V and U''' | *'''Letters V and U''' | ||
Fa'''v'''erby = Fa'''u'''erbye, Schleswig-Holstein<br> | Fa'''v'''erby = Fa'''u'''erbye, Schleswig-Holstein<br> | ||
'''Letters V and W''' | *'''Letters V and W''' | ||
'''V'''estermølle = '''W'''estermühle, Schleswig-Holstein<br> | '''V'''estermølle = '''W'''estermühle, Schleswig-Holstein<br> | ||
'''Letters W and V <br>''' | *'''Letters W and V <br>''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters W and M <br>''' | *'''Letters W and M <br>''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Letters X and Z <br>''' | *'''Letters X and Z <br>''' | ||
'''Letters X and Chs''' | *'''Letters X and Chs''' | ||
He'''x'''um = He'''chts'''heim<br> | He'''x'''um = He'''chts'''heim<br> | ||
'''Letters Y and J <br>''' | *'''Letters Y and J <br>''' | ||
'''Letters Y and I''' | *'''Letters Y and I''' | ||
B'''y'''levelt = B'''i'''elefeld, Westfalen<br> | B'''y'''levelt = B'''i'''elefeld, Westfalen<br> | ||
| Line 368: | Line 368: | ||
'''Letters Z and C <br>''' | '''Letters Z and C <br>''' | ||
'''Letters Z and S''' | *'''Letters Z and S''' | ||
'''Z'''elnowo = '''S'''ellnowo<br> | *'''Z'''elnowo = '''S'''ellnowo<br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||