Tracing English Immigrants From Abroad: Difference between revisions

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=== Introduction ===
=== '''Introduction''' ===


Genealogical research in England’s large cities and towns requires knowing the specific locale, town, borough or parish within the big city in order to determine in which original records to begin research. That your ancestor was “born in Manchester” or that he was “of London“, is insufficient information. It requires obtaining the specific name of the town or parish in Greater “London” or “Manchester, etc., in order to know specific records to use to build your family’s pedigree connections further back in time.  
Genealogical research in England’s large cities and towns requires knowing the specific locale, town, borough or parish within the big city in order to determine in which original records to begin research. That your ancestor was “born in Manchester” or that he was “of London“, is insufficient information. It requires obtaining the specific name of the town or parish in Greater “London” or “Manchester, etc., in order to know specific records to use to build your family’s pedigree connections further back in time.  
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So what’s the standard technique that helps researchers to discover an ancestors’ specific birth place or place of residence in England?  
So what’s the standard technique that helps researchers to discover an ancestors’ specific birth place or place of residence in England?  


=== How to Begin ===
===''' How to Begin''' ===


The steps below reveal how to best identify and prove ancestry in the rich genealogical records of England—including civil registration, parish registers and other records.  
The steps below reveal how to best identify and prove ancestry in the rich genealogical records of England—including civil registration, parish registers and other records.  


==== '''Step 1''': Search Home Records First ====
==== '''Step 1: Search Home Records First'''====


Search home records by thoroughly seeking for and searching in “home” sources and compiled family histories. This is a fundamental, preliminary exercise that will usually pay huge dividends in providing precise birth data from the outset of your search. It may not always be correct data, but it is a beginning and will help in narrowing down to the specific place of your ancestor’s nativity or residence in a large city or township in England.  
Search home records by thoroughly seeking for and searching in “home” sources and compiled family histories. This is a fundamental, preliminary exercise that will usually pay huge dividends in providing precise birth data from the outset of your search. It may not always be correct data, but it is a beginning and will help in narrowing down to the specific place of your ancestor’s nativity or residence in a large city or township in England.  
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Once you have gleaned as much information as possible from home sources, but still lack a specific birth place or residence then proceed to Step 2. If you succeeded in obtaining the specific township or parish in which your immigrant ancestor was born or resided before emigrating, then proceed to search in records of the specific England locale mentioned in Step 4.  
Once you have gleaned as much information as possible from home sources, but still lack a specific birth place or residence then proceed to Step 2. If you succeeded in obtaining the specific township or parish in which your immigrant ancestor was born or resided before emigrating, then proceed to search in records of the specific England locale mentioned in Step 4.  


==== '''Step 2''': Search Compiled Sources – Family Histories at Archives & Libraries Before ====
==== '''Step 2: Search Compiled Sources – Family Histories at Archives & Libraries Before'''====


Commencing your emigrant ancestor's research in original records, you must, like a research scientist, thoroughly seek for and study the research compilations of other researchers. The research scientist first seeks out every possible compiled source pertaining to the narrowed field of study so as not to duplicate or re-do research previously performed by other researchers. To do otherwise means the likely loss of critical funding or financial sponsorship for research! Why? Because why would the private funding sponsor or government provide funds for research already uncovered by another scientific researcher!  
Commencing your emigrant ancestor's research in original records, you must, like a research scientist, thoroughly seek for and study the research compilations of other researchers. The research scientist first seeks out every possible compiled source pertaining to the narrowed field of study so as not to duplicate or re-do research previously performed by other researchers. To do otherwise means the likely loss of critical funding or financial sponsorship for research! Why? Because why would the private funding sponsor or government provide funds for research already uncovered by another scientific researcher!  
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<br>Learning what critical databases and/or indexes are available allows you to more quickly find helpful details of your ancestor. Then you can gain access, via in-house staff or a record agent/searcher; or, through the services of a local volunteer to provide you with the critical search or lookup services. Contact the local archives or repository/library via e-mail for their fees, or for a list of searchers to get the lookup service you want. Here are some helpful websites for finding local volunteers to do a free “lookup” service:  
<br>Learning what critical databases and/or indexes are available allows you to more quickly find helpful details of your ancestor. Then you can gain access, via in-house staff or a record agent/searcher; or, through the services of a local volunteer to provide you with the critical search or lookup services. Contact the local archives or repository/library via e-mail for their fees, or for a list of searchers to get the lookup service you want. Here are some helpful websites for finding local volunteers to do a free “lookup” service:  


===== North America =====
====='''North America====


1. http://www.raogk.org/ - Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness  
1. http://www.raogk.org/ - Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness  
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2. http://www.usgenweb.com - U.S. GenWeb network  
2. http://www.usgenweb.com - U.S. GenWeb network  


===== United Kingdom =====
====='''United Kingdom'''=====


1. http://www.curiousfox.org.uk/  
1. http://www.curiousfox.org.uk/  
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6. http://www.genuki.org.uk/indexes/MailingLists.html - subscribe then request help  
6. http://www.genuki.org.uk/indexes/MailingLists.html - subscribe then request help  


===== Other Countries =====
====='''Other Countries''' =====


1. Most countries (the counties, or province/states within countries) have volunteers or for-hire agents; ‘google’ to find them  
1. Most countries (the counties, or province/states within countries) have volunteers or for-hire agents; ‘google’ to find them  
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[https://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Family_History_Library •Family History Library&nbsp;]search the Ancestral File, Pedigree Resource file and in the future, the forthcoming new.FamilySearch.org databases  
[https://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Family_History_Library •Family History Library&nbsp;]search the Ancestral File, Pedigree Resource file and in the future, the forthcoming new.FamilySearch.org databases  


===== Social Networking Websites =====
====='''Social Networking Websites'''=====


Another research aid for assisting researchers to find family genealogical compilations is the social network websites with genealogical intent and content. These sites can have far-reaching capabilities for finding living relatives who are working on or who have already compiled data on in-common family lines and genealogies. They can be a wonderful and a welcome resource. Such websites are great tools for finding distant relatives with an interest in in-common ancestry and with whom you may work cooperatively to identify, share and/or prove in-common ancestral connections. It can further ignite enthusiasm and motivation in the discovery of many more generations of ancestors! Most of the following sites are United Kingdom-based, including:  
Another research aid for assisting researchers to find family genealogical compilations is the social network websites with genealogical intent and content. These sites can have far-reaching capabilities for finding living relatives who are working on or who have already compiled data on in-common family lines and genealogies. They can be a wonderful and a welcome resource. Such websites are great tools for finding distant relatives with an interest in in-common ancestry and with whom you may work cooperatively to identify, share and/or prove in-common ancestral connections. It can further ignite enthusiasm and motivation in the discovery of many more generations of ancestors! Most of the following sites are United Kingdom-based, including:  
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===== 3.&nbsp; Parish&nbsp;church registers  =====
===== 3.&nbsp; Parish&nbsp;church registers  =====


* County Record offices – i.e. London Metropolitan Archives and Library. Some big city County Record Offices have transcriptions and indexes to many parish registers and other records, as well as the original records in their collections  
*County Record offices – i.e. London Metropolitan Archives and Library. Some big city County Record Offices have transcriptions and indexes to many parish registers and other records, as well as the original records in their collections


* City Archives – i.e. Birmingham City Archives  
*City Archives – i.e. Birmingham City Archives


* Private collections of transcriptions and indexes – i.e. Marriage Indexes: Nimrod Index (Wiltshire), Baxter Index ( Essex)  
*Private collections of transcriptions and indexes – i.e. Marriage Indexes: Nimrod Index (Wiltshire), Baxter Index ( Essex)


* The Family History Library (see the FHL Catalog online [https://familysearch.org/#form=catalog at Family History Library Catalog&nbsp;&nbsp;] o ’Look up’ exchanges – volunteers respond to your emailed request to search i.e. parish register, transcriptions or indexes to same (see [http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/index.html http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/index.html]&nbsp;(type “subscribe” in the subject box) or [http://www.parishregisteruklook-upexchange.co.uk/ http://www.parishregisteruklook-upexchange.co.uk/]) or http://aztecrose.tripod.com/LookupExchange.htm  
*The Family History Library (see the FHL Catalog online [https://familysearch.org/#form=catalog at Family History Library Catalog&nbsp;&nbsp;] o ’Look up’ exchanges – volunteers respond to your emailed request to search i.e. parish register, transcriptions or indexes to same (see [http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/index.html http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/index.html]&nbsp;(type “subscribe” in the subject box) or [http://www.parishregisteruklook-upexchange.co.uk/ http://www.parishregisteruklook-upexchange.co.uk/]) or http://aztecrose.tripod.com/LookupExchange.htm


* Federation Family History Societies – great resources offered by county societies; most produce long and significant lists of transcribed parish registers ($)  
*Federation Family History Societies – great resources offered by county societies; most produce long and significant lists of transcribed parish registers ($)


* FindmMyPast.com ($) – nearly 70 million online parish and church register database ($)  
*FindmMyPast.com ($) – nearly 70 million online parish and church register database ($)


* Society of Genealogists, London – www.sog.org ($) – the most vast collection of transcribed parish registers to be found anywhere; and much more  
*Society of Genealogists, London – www.sog.org ($) – the most vast collection of transcribed parish registers to be found anywhere; and much more


* Online Parish Clerk Project (OPC) currently online;&nbsp;an absolutely project currently under way&nbsp;for the following counties with large cities: Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Essex, Hampshire, Kent, Lancashire, Lincoln, Somerset, Sussex, Warwickshire, and Wiltshire. Similar projects available for Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Durham. "Google"&nbsp;to find these.&nbsp;  
*Online Parish Clerk Project (OPC) currently online;&nbsp;an absolutely project currently under way&nbsp;for the following counties with large cities: Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Essex, Hampshire, Kent, Lancashire, Lincoln, Somerset, Sussex, Warwickshire, and Wiltshire. Similar projects available for Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Durham. "Google"&nbsp;to find these.&nbsp;


* “Google” name of county and the word “index” and by name of record type, i,e, “marriages”; [Note: there are numerous free online county-wide and/or&nbsp;parish&nbsp;indexes depending on the county; search parish by parish and county by county]  
*“Google” name of county and the word “index” and by name of record type, i,e, “marriages”; [Note: there are numerous free online county-wide and/or&nbsp;parish&nbsp;indexes depending on the county; search parish by parish and county by county]


* Origins.net ($) – numerous indexes/databases  
*Origins.net ($) – numerous indexes/databases


* Atlas &amp; Index of Parish Registers by Phillimore; Co. publishers ($) – see county section in back for church and census indexes and addresses  
*Atlas &amp; Index of Parish Registers by Phillimore; Co. publishers ($) – see county section in back for church and census indexes and addresses


* Thegenealogist.co.uk ($) – numerous indexes/databases  
*Thegenealogist.co.uk ($) – numerous indexes/databases


* The Family History Library’s Patron Desktop collection of approximately 7,000 data-rich England Internet links; visit [http://www.fhlfavorites.info www.fhlfavorites.info]&nbsp;and search under county name; then i.e. “Church records” links to numerous free, countrywide, county-wide and parish by parish database transcriptions online  
*The Family History Library’s Patron Desktop collection of approximately 7,000 data-rich England Internet links; visit [http://www.fhlfavorites.info www.fhlfavorites.info]&nbsp;and search under county name; then i.e. “Church records” links to numerous free, countrywide, county-wide and parish by parish database transcriptions online


* parish register transcriptions online; Genuki.org.uk  
*parish register transcriptions online; Genuki.org.uk


* Ancestry.co.uk ($) – numerous national databases for numerous records  
*Ancestry.co.uk ($) – numerous national databases for numerous records


* Freereg.org.uk – nearly 7 million baptismal, marriage, and burials entries  
*Freereg.org.uk – nearly 7 million baptismal, marriage, and burials entries


* Worldvitalrecords.com – numerous indexes/databases  
*Worldvitalrecords.com – numerous indexes/databases


* Familysearch.org – numerous indexes/databases  
*Familysearch.org – numerous indexes/databases


* Family History Library – has thousands of in-house indexes/databases  
*Family History Library – has thousands of in-house indexes/databases


* See or purchase booklet: Marriage and census indexes for family historians by Hampson; Gibson  
*See or purchase booklet: Marriage and census indexes for family historians by Hampson; Gibson


* Bmdregisters.co.uk – free index to non-parochial registers transcriptions with a free index, pay-per-view for each transcribed entry – about 8 million online  
*Bmdregisters.co.uk – free index to non-parochial registers transcriptions with a free index, pay-per-view for each transcribed entry – about 8 million online


===== 4.&nbsp;Probate records:  =====
===== 4.&nbsp;Probate records:  =====


* www.fhlfavorites.com under “England”, then [Name of] “county”, then “Probate”; most England counties now have extensive online indexes!  
*www.fhlfavorites.com under “England”, then [Name of] “county”, then “Probate”; most England counties now have extensive online indexes!


* Google the following words: 1) [name of] “county”/big city; 2) “probate”; 3) “index”  
*Google the following words: 1) [name of] “county”/big city; 2) “probate”; 3) “index”


===== 5.&nbsp;&nbsp;Occupational records:  =====
===== 5.&nbsp;&nbsp;Occupational records:  =====


* www.nationalarchives.gov.uk o Guildhall Library: www.cityoflondon.gov.uk - extensive holdings for UK  
*www.nationalarchives.gov.uk o Guildhall Library: www.cityoflondon.gov.uk - extensive holdings for UK


* Family History Library thousands of microfilm holdings for “occupations”  
*Family History Library thousands of microfilm holdings for “occupations”


*FHL - [Name of] “County” or [Name of] “City - Occupations” - order; search films at FHCs worldwide  
*FHL - [Name of] “County” or [Name of] “City - Occupations” - order; search films at FHCs worldwide


* www.britishorigins.com $ - apprentices of Great Britain online (1710-1774)  
*www.britishorigins.com $ - apprentices of Great Britain online (1710-1774)


* Society of Genealogists (www.sog.org) $ – have some; have a “lookup” service o www.FindMyPast.com $ – Civil service index online  
*Society of Genealogists (www.sog.org) $ – have some; have a “lookup” service o www.FindMyPast.com $ – Civil service index online


* Family History Library “Favorites” – see online at www.fhlfavorites.info under the county names’ “General” folder, under “Occupations”. Many sites!  
*Family History Library “Favorites” – see online at www.fhlfavorites.info under the county names’ “General” folder, under “Occupations”. Many sites!


===== 6.&nbsp;Newspapers, etc.:  =====
===== 6.&nbsp;Newspapers, etc.:  =====


* Gentleman’s Magazine – hundreds of thousands of indexed entries – at http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/ilej/journals/srchgm.htm  
*Gentleman’s Magazine – hundreds of thousands of indexed entries – at http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/ilej/journals/srchgm.htm


* London Times from 1790 with index at www.godfrey.org/  
*London Times from 1790 with index at www.godfrey.org/


* London Gazette from 1665 at www.gazettes-online.co.uk/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1247680984646_524" />
*London Gazette from 1665 at www.gazettes-online.co.uk/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1247680984646_524" />


* Newspapers in the UK: http://newspapers.bl.uk/blcs/  
*Newspapers in the UK: http://newspapers.bl.uk/blcs/


'''7.&nbsp;&nbsp;Land Registry of Deeds '''– Middlesex from 1708 to 1988: at the London Metropolitan Archives and Library; visit: www.cityofLondon.gov.uk; email: ask.lma@cityoflondon.gov.uk; or call (tel): 020 7332 3820  
'''7.&nbsp;&nbsp;Land Registry of Deeds '''– Middlesex from 1708 to 1988: at the London Metropolitan Archives and Library; visit: www.cityofLondon.gov.uk; email: ask.lma@cityoflondon.gov.uk; or call (tel): 020 7332 3820