Choctaw Nation: Difference between revisions

[[Image:Choctaw Indian-Pisatuntema in Partial Native Dress with Choctaw Indian Native Hairstyle1909.jpg|thumb|right]]  

'''Various Spellings''': Choctaw, Chactaw, Chaktaw, Chatha

A Muscogean based tribe, the Choctaw is similar to the Creek Confederation. The Choctaw evolved from multiple smaller tribes that shared similar language and culture. The Choctaw were early allies of the French, Spanish and British during the 18th century. In the 1750's the tribe was involved in a Civil War that decimated whole villages. The division was driven by factions affiliated with the Spanish and the other the French. In the 18th century the Choctaw were generally at war with the Creeks or the &nbsp;[[Chickasaw_Indians]].<ref>O'brien, Greg, "Choctaws in a Revolutionary Age", University of Nebraska Press, 2005</ref> The Choctaw like all of the Muscogean tribes was a matriarchal and clan culture.<ref>Swanton, John R. "The Indian Tribes of North America" Smithsonian Institute, Bulletin 514.</ref>

 

'''Brief Timeline'''

 

'''1801''': Treaty of Fort Adams  

'''1802:''' Treaty of Fort Confederation  

'''1803''': Treaty of Hoe Buckintoupa  

'''1805''': Treaty of Mount Dexter  

'''1816''': Treaty of Fort St. Stephens

'''1825''': Treaty of Washington City  

'''1825''': Tribal population: 21,000 (Mississippi and Alabamaa) reported by T. C. Mc Kenny- Indian Office  

'''1831-1833:''' First of Five Civilized Tribes forced from their homeland. Removed to Indian Territory.<br>  

'''1838''': First testimonies taken in what is known as the Net Proceeds Case.  

'''1844:''' Second set of testimonies taken in what is known as the Net Proceeds Case.  

'''1855''':Treaty with the Chickasaw, gives Chickasaw nation their own land from lands of the Choctaw.  

'''1856:''' Annuity Roll (Census) of the Choctaw and Chickasaw as a result of the treaty of 1855.  

'''1867''': Tribal population: 22,500; reported&nbsp; by Commissioner of Indian Affairs.<br>  

'''1875''': Testimonies taken to determine heirs for the monies won from the Net Proceeds Case.  

'''1889''': Second set of testimonies to determine heirs for the monies from the Net Proceeds Case.  

'''1910:''' Tribal population: 14,551 in Oklahoma, and 15,917 in other states  

'''1945:''' Mississippi Band of Choctaw Federaly recognized  

*'''1830&nbsp;[http://www.accessgenealogy.com www][http://www.accessgenealogy.com .accessgenealogy.com]&nbsp;also included in American State papers, Vol 7. This is in most libraries or is located online at&nbsp;[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsp.html http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsp.html]'''

*'''1855''' '''Annuity Roll,''' first census of all individuals within a household. Actually done in 1856. Located at the Oklahoma Historical Society.  

*''''1868 '''''''''''Census of Cedar County, Choctaw Nation''' located within the Choctaw Nation Collection, University of Oklahoma. View online at&nbsp;[http://digital.libraries.ou.edu/whc/nam/manuscript.asp?mID=5085&sID=3 digital.libraries.ou.edu/whc/nam/manuscript.asp]'''<br>'''

*'''1885 Census of the Choctaw Nation'''. Every name in household is included on this census. This can be viewed in two places online, both for a fee. It is found under the rolls U.S. Indian Census Rolls, and under the category of Union. It is searchable by name (be careful of spelling) on [[www.ancestry.com|Ancestry.com]]and browseable only on [[www.fold3.com|Fold3.com.]]&nbsp; You can also order transcriptions by county from the Bryan County Heritage Association, Bryan, Oklahoma.

*'''1893 Census/Annuity Roll '''(for both Choctaw and Chickasaw) for Leased District monies. Referred to in several Dawes files, I have been unable to locate this film. I have been told it may be in some counties (ie. Haskell)&nbsp;in Oklahoma, but it is not listed in the NARA or the OHS contents.  

*The Census of Atoka County, 1885, Choctaw Nation, Indian Territory. by James P. Cummings. Mesquite, Texas, 1976. FHL Book 970.1 Al#86[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsp.html]  

*There are miscellaneous censuses recorded on three rolls of microfilm from the OHS, included in the inventory for the Church of Ladder Day Saints and also at the Oklahoma Historical Society and Arkansas HIstorical Commission. All three rolls cover different counties of the Choctaw nation, and have the 1896 census transcribed, and in some cases the original. The other censuses on the rolls vary to undated or dated, and are heads of &nbsp;household only for the most part.  

*[[Dawes Commission Enrollment Records for Five U.S. Indian Tribes|Dawes Commission Enrollment Records]]  

*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #514&nbsp;[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/indianlocation.htm Available online].