Russell County, Virginia Genealogy

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Guide to Russell County, Virginia ancestry, genealogy and family history, birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, and military records.

County Facts
County seat: Lebanon
Organized: 01 May 1786[1]
Parent County(s): Washington
Neighboring Counties
BuchananDickensonScottSmythTazewellWashingtonWise
See County Maps
Courthouse
VirginiaRussellCourthouse.jpg
Location Map
Location of Russell County, Virginia.png

County Information

Description

Russell County is located in the southwestern area of the Commonwealth of Virginia and was named for Colonel William Russell.[2]

County Courthouse

Russell County Courthouse
53 East Main Street
PO Box 65
Lebanon, VA 24266
Phone: 276-889-8051
Russell County Website

Clerk Circuit Court has marriage records from 1853, divorce and court records from 1786, probate records from 1803 and land records from 1787[3]

Russell County, Virginia Record Dates

Information for this chart was taken from various sources, often containing conflicting dates. This information should be taken as a guide and should be verified by contacting the county and/or the state government agency.

Known Beginning Dates for Government County Records[4]
Birth* Marriage Death* Court Land Probate Census
1853 1853 1853 1786 1787 1803 1810
* Statewide registration for births and deaths began in 1912.
General compliance year is unknown.

Record Loss

  • Censuses lost: 1790, 1800, 1810, 1890
  • 1872 A fire in the clerk's office destroyed the county's first marriage register and many loose papers in 1872. Bound volumes of deeds, orders, and wills (except Will Book 1) still exist.[5]

Visit the Library of Virginia's website to determine exactly what records have been lost and their Lost Records Localities Database to find additional resources.

For suggestions about research in places that suffered historic record losses, see:

Boundary Changes

Populated Places

For a complete list of populated places, including small neighborhoods and suburbs, visit HomeTown Locator. The following are the most historically and genealogically relevant populated places in this county:[8]

Towns
Unincorporated communities
Census-designated places


History Timeline

Resources

Bible Records

For databases and indexes, see Virginia Bible Records.

Biographies

Business, Commerce, and Occupations

Cemeteries

Cemeteries of Russell County, Virginia online and in print
Tombstone Transcriptions Online
Tombstone Transcriptions in Print (Often more complete)
List of Cemeteries in the County
See Virginia Cemeteries for more information.

 

Census Records

For databases, indexes, and information online, see Virginia Census.

Historical populations
Census Pop.
1790 3,338
1800 4,808 44.0%
1810 6,319 31.4%
1820 5,536 −12.4%
1830 6,714 21.3%
1840 7,878 17.3%
1850 11,919 51.3%
1860 10,280 −13.8%
1870 11,103 8.0%
1880 13,906 25.2%
1890 16,126 16.0%
1900 18,031 11.8%
1910 23,474 30.2%
1920 26,786 14.1%
1930 25,957 −3.1%
1940 26,627 2.6%
1950 26,818 0.7%
1960 26,290 −2.0%
1970 24,533 −6.7%
1980 31,761 29.5%
1990 28,667 −9.7%
2000 30,308 5.7%
2010 28,897 −4.7%
Source: "Wikipedia.org"

1790 Lost, but a substitute is available, see Taxation.
1800 Lost, but a substitute is available, see Taxation.
1810 Lost, but a substitute is available, see Taxation.

1820

  • Sutherland, Elihu Jasper. Russell County, Virginia, Census of 1820. Clintwood, Va.: unknown, 1940. FS Library; digital version at Ancestry ($).

1840

  • A Census of Pensioners for Revolutionary or Military Services: With their Names, Ages, and Places of Residence, as Returned by the Marshals of the Several Judicial Districts, Under the Act for Taking the Sixth Census. 1841. Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library, Internet Archive, Ancestry ($). 1967 reprint: FS Catalog Collection 973 X2pc 1840. See Virginia, Western District, Russell County on page 136.
  • Douthat, James L. 1840 Mountain Empire of Virginia Census. Signal Mountain, Tenn.: Mountain Press, 2001. FS Catalog Collection 975.5 X2d 1840.

1850
Census takers uncharacteristically recorded the birth town or county of residents this census year.[9]

1860

1870

1880

1890 Union Veterans

Church Records

List of Churches and Church Parishes

Baptist
Early Baptist churches (with years constituted):

  1. Castlewoods (1806)[10]
  2. Copper Creek (1808)[10]
  3. Glade Hollows (1788)[10]
  4. Russel (1805)[10]
  5. Stony Creek (1802)[10]

Russell County fell within the bounds of the Holston and Mountain Associations.

Court Records

Online Court Indexes and Records

  • Library of Virginia's Virginia Memory: Chancery Records Index can be used to search digital images of Russell County chancery records for the years 1840-1933. The index can also be used to search for records up until 1960 - for entries marked "original," see online catalog or contact Archives Research Services for availability. Most post-1913 chancery records are unindexed and available at the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.
  • Chancery records, 1948-present, housed in the courthouse
  • Court records, pre-1948, held at the Library of Virginia in preparation for microfilming
  • Russell County Court Records (transcriptions and document scans; Russell Co. GenWeb)
  • Russell County Declarations of Intention (Russell Co. GenWeb)

Directories

Emigration and Immigration

For databases and immigrant groups, see Virginia Emigration and Immigration

Ethnic, Political, and Religious Groups

African American

Funeral Homes

Genealogies

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Compiled Genealogies for Multiple Families

  • Albert, Ethel Evans. Southwest Virginia in. 3 vols. Kingsport, Tenn., 1977. FS Library Book 975.57 D2a. Contents: v. 1. A Genealogical and historical account of the Evans, Ferrell, Kelly, Counts, Stinson and related families -- v. 2. Genealogical and historical records of Russell County and Southwest Virginia families; Hendricks, Gibson, Garrett, Nash, Heburn, Buckles -- v. 3. Honaker, Deskins and related families.
  • Smith, Gregg A. Genealogical Notes Concerning the Smith Family of Russell County, Va. Donated 1987. Available at Virginia Historical Society. Includes Arington, Artrip, Barks, Booth, Combs, Edwards, Finney, Glover, Grizzle, Hopkins, Johnson, Jones, Kiser, Larson, Lockhart, Martin, Mayfield, Musick, Nash, Pigman, Powers, Rasnake, Stinson, Sutherland, Sykes, Wallace, and Woolfe families.[11]
  • The Heritage of Russell County, Virginia. 2 vols. Russell County Heritage Book Committee, c1985, c1989. FS Library Large Q Books 975.5755 D3h v. 1-v. 2.
  • Russell County Pedigree Charts and Family Group Sheets (Russell Co., VA GenWeb)
  • Russell County, Virginia Biographies (Russell Co., VA GenWeb)
  • Russell County, Virginia Families (links to information regarding a number of specific families; Russell Co. GenWeb)

Guardianship

Land and Property Records

For land indexes, records, and databases, see Virginia Land and Property, including Colonial and State Land Grants.

Online Land Indexes and Records


Grants and Patents
Land patents (pre-1779), land grants (after 1779) and surveys are available online at the Library of Virginia website. For step-by-step instructions on retrieving these records, read the Virginia Land and Property article.*Anderson. 699 patents dated 1782-1912 in what is now Russell and Tazewell Counties, Virginia placed on a map. DeedMapper. 2007. Names of those who received land patents, dates, land descriptions, and references may be viewed free of charge (click "Index" next to the county listing); however, in order to view the maps, it is necessary to purchase Direct Line Software's DeedMapper product.

  • Russell County Land Grants & Surveys (Russell Co. GenWeb)
  • Sims, Edgar Barr. Sims Index to Land Grants in West Virginia. [Springfield, Virginia]: Genealogical Books in Print, c1992. Available at FS Library. Includes Russell County, Virginia.

Deeds


Local Histories

Russell County Lookups (Russell Co. GenWeb)

  • Albert, Ethel Evans. Southwest Virginia Kin, Vol. 1.
  • Chafin, Andrew. Russell County (Images of America series). Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2008. At various libraries (WorldCat).
  • The Heritage of Russell County, Virginia 1786-1986, 2 vols. Russell County Heritage Book Committee, 1989. At various libraries (WorldCat).
  • Sutherland, Elihu J. Pioneer Recollections of Southwest Virginia.

Maps and Gazetteers

County and state maps, historical and more current, are valuable research tools. For map collections, online and in libraries, see Virginia Maps.

Bristol (Independent City)Washington CountySmyth CountyTazewell CountyBuchanan CountyDickenson CountyWise CountyScott CountyVA RUSSELL.PNG
Click a neighboring county
for more resources

Tom Rudder produced a map of the "First Land Owners in Castles Woods (Russel County, Virginia)," which as published in The Appalachian Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Mar. 2006):59-62. FS Library Book 975.5743 D25a v. 12. Rudder's map includes supporting documentation.

Migration

Military Records

Pre-Revolutionary War


Revolutionary War

  • Kegley, Mary B. Revolutionary War Pension Applications of Southwest Virginia Soldiers. n.p.: M.B. Kegley, 1997. Available at FS Library. [Includes Russell County pensioners.]
  • A Census of Pensioners for Revolutionary or Military Services: With their Names, Ages, and Places of Residence, as Returned by the Marshals of the Several Judicial Districts, Under the Act for Taking the Sixth Census. 1841. Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library, Internet Archive, Ancestry ($). 1967 reprint: FS Catalog Collection 973 X2pc 1840. See Virginia, Western District, Russell County on page 136.
  • Rejected or Suspended Applications for Revolutionary War Pensions. Washington, D.C., 1852. Reprinted by Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1969, and 1991. Reprints include "an Added Index to States." FS Library Book 973 M24ur; digital version at Ancestry ($). Includes veterans. Virginia section begins on page 238.

War of 1812

  • List of Pensioners on the Roll, January 1, 1883; Giving the Name of Each Pensioner, the Cause for Why Pensioned, the Post-Office Address, the Rate of Pension Per Month, and the Date of Original Allowance... Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1883. FS Catalog Collection 973 M2Lp v. 5; online at:Internet Archive, Ancestry ($). See Vol. 5, Virginia, Russell County, p. 102. Identifies War of 1812 veterans living in this county in 1883.

Regiments. Russell County men served in the 72nd Regiment.[12]

Civil War

Regiments. Civil War service men in Russell County served in various regiments. Men often joined a company (within a regiment) that originated in their county. Listed below are companies that were specifically formed here:

- 2nd Regiment, Virginia State Line (Cavalry) (Confederate). Companies A, E, and H.
- 13th Battalion, Virginia Reserves (Confederate). Company G.[13]
- 16th Regiment, Virginia Cavalry (Confederate). Company A and Company B.[14]
- 21st Regiment, Virginia Cavalry (Confederate). Company E 1st.[15]
- 22nd Regiment, Virginia Cavalry (Bowen's Virginia Mounted Riflemen) (Confederate). Company A, Company D, Company E, Company I, and Company K.
- 29th Regiment, Virginia Infantry (Confederate). Company A.[16]
- 37th Battalion, Virginia Cavalry (Dunn's Battalion, Partisan Rangers) (Confederate). Company K.[17]
- 37th Regiment, Virginia Infantry (Confederate). Company C, Company G, and Company I (New Garden Fearnots).[18]
- 48th Regiment, Virginia Infantry (Confederate). Company C (Russell Guards).[19]


World War I

  • Military discharge records from World War I and later are housed in the courthouse


World War II

Naturalization and Citizenship

Online Naturalization Indexes and Records

Newspapers

For online newspaper resources, see the Virginia Newspapers page.

Obituaries

Other Records

Private Papers

Periodicals

Watauga Association of Genealogists Bulletin
Genealogical articles with abstracts of Russell County, Virginia records have been published in the Watauga Association of Genealogists Bulletin (39+ vols., 1972-present), the journal of the Watauga Association of Genealogists. The organization has posted tables of contents for most volumes on their website. Back issues are available for purchase. The FamilySearch Library has a complete collection FS Library US/CAN Books 976.897 B2w, including Margaret W. Hougland and Betty Jane Hylton's Bulletin Subject Index: The First Thirty Years, 1972-2001 (Johnson City, Tenn.: Watauga Association of Genealogists, 2002) FS Library US/CAN Book 976.897 B2w index 1972-2001.

Probate Records

For statewide probate records, indexes, and databases, see Virginia Probate Records.

Online Probate Indexes and Records


School Records

Social Security Records

Tax Records

For additional online collections and the value and use of Virginia's tax lists in your research, see Virginia Taxation.

Online Tax Indexes and Records

Russell County's original personal property tax books are held at the Library of Virginia. The years 1787 through 1850 were microfilmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah in 1993: FS Library US/CAN Films 1905718-1905720.
Digitized images for select years are available online and abstracts of many of these records have appeared in print:

  • Personal property & land tax list (no date), Southwest Virginian, Vol. 7 (Mar. 1984). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 7 (1984).
  • Tax list [date?], Southwest Virginian, Vol. 2, No. 9 (Jun. 1979). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 2 (1979).
  • 1786-1818 Land Tax Books, 1786-1818, Virginia Appalachian Notes, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Winter 2001); online at Roanoke Public Library. Surnames: Boyd, Carter, Castle, Cox, Hensley, Jones, Penix, Ramey, Ratliff, Sword, Syck.
  • 1787 1787 Russell County, Virginia Personal Property Tax List; index online at New River Notes.
  • 1787 Schreiner-Yantis, Netti and Florene Speakman Love. The 1787 Census of Virginia: An Accounting of the Name of Every White Male Tithable Over 21 Years, the Number of White Males Between 16 & 21 Years, the Number of Slaves over 16 & Those Under 16 Years, Together with a Listing of Their Horses, Cattle & Carriages, and Also the Names of All Persons to Whom Ordinary Licenses and Physician's Licenses Were Issued. 3 vols. Springfield, Va.: Genealogical Books in Print, 1987. FS Library US/CAN Book 975.5 R4sn v. 1. The source of this publication is the 1787 personal property tax list. Russell County is included in Vol. 1.
  • 1787 Tax list, 1787, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 2, No. 7 (1979). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 2 (1979).
  • 1787-1803, 1809-1810, 1821, 1824 Russell County, Virginia Personal Property Tax Lists at VAGenWeb.
  • 1788, 1790-1796, 1814 Russell County, Virginia Land Tax Lists at VAGenWeb.
  • 1787-1800 Tax list, 1787 through 1800, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 2, No. 9 (Apr. 1979). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 2 (1979).
  • 1787-1850 Russell County, Virginia, Personal property tax lists, 1787-1850. Original records, Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.; microfilmed reproduction available at FS films - images.
  • 1788 Tax list, 1788, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 2, No. 10 (Aug. 1979). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 2 (1979).
  • 1789 Tax list, 1789, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 2, No. 11 (Oct. 1979). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 2 (1979).
  • 1790 Tax list, 1790, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 2, No. 12 (1979). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 2 (1979).
  • 1790 Personal property and land tax, 1790, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 3, No. 14 (Apr. 1980); Vol. 3, No. 15 (Jun. 1980). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 3 (1980).
  • 1791 Personal property & land tax list, 1791, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 3, No. 16 (Aug. 1980); Vol. 3, No. 17 (Oct. 1980). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 3 (1980).
  • 1792 Personal property & land tax list, 1792, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 3, No. 18 (Dec. 1980); Vol. 4, No. 19 (Feb. 1981); Vol. 4, No. 20 (Apr. 1981); Vol. 4, No. 21 (Jun. 1981). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 3 (1980) ff.
  • 1793 Personal property & land tax list, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 4, No. 22 (Sep. 1981); Vol. 4, No. 23 (Dec. 1981); Vol. 5, No. 25 (Jun. 1982); Vol. 5, No. 26 (Sep. 1982). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 4 (1981) ff. (perhaps 1792)
  • 1794 Personal property & land tax list, 1794, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 5, No. 27 (Dec. 1982); Vol. 6, No. 28 (Jun. 1983); Vol. 6, No. 29 (Jun. 1983). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 5 (1982) ff.
  • 1795 Personal property & land tax list, 1795, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 6, No. 30 (Sep. 1983); Vol. 6, No. 31 (Dec. 1983). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 6 (1983).
  • 1796 Personal property and tax list, 1796, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 7, No. 32 (Mar. 1984). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 7 (1984).
  • 1800, 1802, 1810 Tax list, 1800, 1802, 1810, Southwest Virginian, Vol. 1, No. 5 (1978). FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 D25s v. 1 (1978).
  • 1810 Schreiner-Yates, Netti. A Supplement to the 1810 Census of Virginia: Tax Lists of the Counties for which the Census is Missing. Springfield, Va.: Genealogical Books in Print, 1971. Available at FS Library US/CAN Book 975.5 R4s. The source for this publication is the 1810 personal property tax list. Russell County is included because the 1810 Census for that county has been destroyed.
  • 1815 Ward, Roger D. 1815 Directory of Virginia Landowners (and Gazetteer). 6 vols. Athens, Georgia: Iberian Pub. Co., 1997-2000. Available at FS Library US/CAN Book 975E4w v. 5. The source for this publication is the 1815 land tax. Russell County is included in Vol. 5.
  • 1815 Kegley, Mary B. Southwest Virginia Tax Assessments, 1815: Grayson, Lee, Scott, Russell, Washington, and Wythe Counties. Wytheville, Va.: Kegley Books, 1991. Original edition and 1992 supplement available at FS Library US/CAN Book 975.57 R4k. The source for this publication is a private collection of 1815 tax assessment tickets for the First District of Virginia. The tickets includes landowners' names, number of acres or lots, number of buildings along with descriptions, and number of slaves. N.B. These are not the 1815 land tax books.
  • 1816 Kincaid, Bathsheba. "Russell County, Virginia Tax Book for 1816," The Mountain Empire Genealogical Quarterly, Vol. 4, No. 3 (Fall 1985):177-179. FS Library US/CAN Book 975 D25m v. 4 (1985).
  • 1841 Personal property tax list, 1841, A-D, Researcher. Chillicothe MO: Jul 1967. Vol. - Iss. 9.

Vital Records

For additional indexes, databases, and details, see Virginia Vital Records.

Birth

Marriage

Death

Divorce

Research Facilities

Archives

Listed below are archives in Russell County. For state-wide facilities, see Virginia Archives and Libraries.

FamilySearch Centers

FamilySearch Center and Affiliate Library Locator map - search for local FamilySearch Centers or Affiliate Libraries

  • FamilySearch Centers provide one-on-one assistance, free access to center-only databases, and to premium genealogical websites.
  • FamilySearch Affiliate Libraries have access to most center-only databases, but may not always have full services normally provided by a FamilySearch center.

Local Centers and Affiliate Libraries

Libraries

Listed below are libraries in Russell County. For state-wide library facilities, see Virginia Archives and Libraries.

  • General William Campbell Chapter SAR
    19770 McCray Drive
    Abingdon, VA 24211
    Phone: 540-623-2442

Russell County Public Library: Local History
Website

Branches located in Lebanon and Honaker. Visit website for details.

Museums

Societies

Listed below are societies in Russell County. For state-wide genealogical and historical societies, see Virginia Societies.

Websites

  • FamilySearch Catalog – The FamilySearch catalog contains descriptions and access information for all genealogical materials (including books, online materials, microfilm, microfiche, and publications) in their collection.  Use Historical Records to search for specific individuals in genealogical records.

Research Guides

  • "A Guide to the Counties of Virginia: Russell County," The Virginia Genealogist, Vol. 22, No. 2 (Apr.-Jun. 1978):131-133. Digital version at FS Library; digital version at American Ancestors by NEHGS($).

References

  1. Newberry
  2. Wikipedia contributors, in Russell County, Virginia, accessed 16 March 2021
  3. Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper, Utah: Everton Pub., 2002), Iowa.At various libraries (WorldCat); FS Library Book 973 D27e 2002.
  4. Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper, Utah: Everton Pub., 2002), Iowa.At various libraries (WorldCat); FS Library Book 973 D27e 2002.
  5. Lost Records Localities: Counties and Cities with Missing Records, 6, in Library of Virginia (accessed 4 April 2014).
  6. Newberry
  7. Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper, Utah: Everton Pub., 2002), Iowa.At various libraries (WorldCat); FS Library Book 973 D27e 2002.
  8. Wikipedia contributors, "Russell County,_Virginia," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_County,_Virginia#Communities accessed 25 February 2020.
  9. Alycon Trubey Pierce, "In Praise of Errors Made by Census Enumerators," National Genealogical Society Quarterly, Vol. 81, No. 1 (March 1993):51-55. FS Library Book 973 B2ng
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Robert Baylor Semple and George William Beale, A History of the Rise and Progress of the Baptists in Virginia (Pitt and Dickinson, 1894), 358-359. FamilySearch Digital Library, Internet Archive.
  11. Online Catalog, Virginia Historical Society, accessed 15 November 2011, https://www.virginiahistory.org/.
  12. Stuart Lee Butler, A Guide to Virginia Militia Units in the War of 1812 (Athens, Ga.: Iberian Pub. Co., 1988), 192. FS Library Book 975.5 M2bs.
  13. William C. Pendleton, History of Tazewell County and Southwest Virginia, 1748-1920. (Richmond, Va.: W.C. Hill Printing Company, 1920), 629-630. Digital version at FamilySearch Digital Library.
  14. Jack L. Dickinson, 16th Virginia Cavalry (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1989). FS Library Book 975.5 M2vr v. 60.
  15. John E. Olson, 21st Virginia Cavalry (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, c1989). FS Library Book 975.5 M2vr v. 57.
  16. John Perry Alderman, 29th Virginia Infantry (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1989). FS Library Book 975.5 M2vr v. 53.
  17. J.L. Scott, 36th and 37th Battalions Virginia Cavalry (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1986). FS Library Book 975.5 M2vr v. 24.
  18. Thomas M. Rankin, 37th Virginia Infantry (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1987). FS Library Book 975.5 M2vr v. 37.
  19. John D. Chapla, 48th Virginia Infantry (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1989). FS Library Book 975.5 M2vr v. 54.