Prerogative Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury

Description

Probate is the legal court process by which the estate of a deceased person is distributed to his or her heirs. The term probate refers to a collection of documents, including wills, administrations (also called admons), genealogical glossary terms|inventories]], and act books. The Church of England ecclesiastical courts had authority for this process until to 1858.

As the highest ecclesiastical court, the Prerogative Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury had jurisdiction over the whole of England and specifically in the following cases.

Wealthy individuals
The Interregnum, 1649-1660, when all other courts were abolished.
Property in more than one diocese in the Province of Canterbury.
Property in both the Province of Canterbury and Province of York.
People who died outside England, including British citizens and others who held property in England.

Indexes

Online Records and Indexes

Wills of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 1384-1858 are available online on three websites:

The National Archives' catalogue - When you find a reference to a will of interest, you can purchase it online through the Web site by clicking on 'See details' then on 'Add to shopping.' The cost is a straight fee of 3.50 GBP, regardless of the length of the document.
The Genealogist ($) Images available.
England & Wales, Prerogative Court of Canterbury Wills, 1384-1858 Ancestry ($)
England and Wales, Prerogative Court of Canterbury Wills, 1640-1660 FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection. Images available at a FamilySearch Center and/or a FamilySearch affiliate library.

Printed and Published Indexes

Indexes for 1383-1858 are published in several volumes. The records and indexes for 1383-1857 are also available on microfilm at the FamilySearch Library.

Printed will indexes available for free online:

Printed administration indexes available for free online:

1559-1571

Printed probate act indexes available for free online:

Printed sentence indexes available for free online:

1630-1639

Records

Archive Location

The records are deposited at The National Archives.

Archive Records

Original Wills, 1513-1858 (with a few earlier)
Register copy wills, 1383-1858
Administration bonds, 16th-19th centuries
Various act books, 1526-1858
Inventories, 1464-1782 (with gaps; and some later records)

FamilySearch Library Records

The indexes and original records have been digitized and are available at a FamilySearch centre or a FamilySearch affiliate library near you.

index and original records

Archive Records

Add information about the manuscript, printed and digital records in this location.

Archbishop's Registers

Years	Bishop	FS Library Film	Book	Online
1207-1228	Stephen Langton		Cant. & York Soc. 50
1279-1292	John Pecham	1473357	Cant. & York Soc. 63, 65
1294-1313	Robert Winchelsey	1473357	Cant. & York Soc. 51, 52
1313-1327	Walter Reynolds	1473358
1349-1366	Simon Inslip	1473358
1366-1368	Simon Langham	1473359
1368-1374	William Whittlesey	1473359
1375-1381	Simon Sudbury	1473359
1381-1396	William Courtenay	1473360
1396-1414	Thomas Arundel	1473361
1414-1442	Henry Chichele Vol. I	1473362	Cant. & York Soc. 42, 45, 46, 47
1415-1443	Henry Chichele Vol. II	1473363	Cant. & York Soc. 42, 45, 46, 47
1443-1452	John Stafford	1473364
1452-1454	John Kempe	1473364
1454-1486	Thomas Bourgchier	1473364	Cant. & York Soc. 54
1486-1500	John Morton	1473365	Cant. & York Soc. 75, 78, 89
1501-1503	Henry Deane	1473365
1503-1532	William Warham	1473366
1559-1575	Matthew Parker	1473368	Cant. & York Soc. 35, 36, 39
1576-1583	Edmund Grindal	1473369
1583-1591	John Whitgift Vol. I	1473370
1591-1592	John Whitgift Vol. II	1473371
1592-1604	John Whitgift Vol. III	1473371
1604-1610	Richard Bancroft	1473372
1611-1618	George Abbott Vol. I	1473373
1619-1633	George Abbott Vol. II	1473374
1633	George Abbott Vol. III	1473374
1633-1645	William Laud	1473375

Jurisdiction

The Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury (PCC) had superior jurisdiction in all of England, Wales, Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands and sole jurisdiction where testators had bona notabilia (an estate valued at more than five pounds sterling) in two dioceses or in two peculiars in the province of Canterbury or within two provinces (i.e., York and Canterbury). The Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury also had jurisdiction over all those with property in England, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Man, or the Channel Islands who died at sea or overseas. Such persons are distinguished in the calendars by the entry "pts," abbreviation for " parts overseas." instead of the name of the place. During the Commonwealth period from 1653 to 1660 the court, in the form of a civil court, had sole testamentary jurisdiction over all of England and Wales.

Since the Reformation it has been usual for the estates of men of wealth and position to receive grants of probate and letters of administration in this court. During vacancies in this court between 997 and 1590, some wills were proved in the Court of the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury Cathedral (also known as the Court of the Prior and Chapter of Christ Church), Canterbury, Kent.

Business in most London probate courts slowed down after the 1750s - their testators selecting the Prerogative Court of Canterbury as the place to file their wills. The Bank of England would not accept wills from any other court.^[1]

References

↑ Cliff Webb, My Ancestors were Londoners: A Guide to London Sources for Family Historians (London: Society of Genealogists, 2009), 35.

[1] Cliff Webb, My Ancestors were Londoners: A Guide to London Sources for Family Historians (London: Society of Genealogists, 2009), 35.

[1]