Service of Heirs or Retours
Services of Heirs[edit | edit source]
When lands were to be handed over to an heir, services of heirs documents were created through the following process:
- A chancery court issued a brieve (document) to summon the local sheriffs to hold a jury trial.
- The jury would determine whether the person was the legal heir.
- The jury returned (retoured) their verdict to the chancery.
- The chancery commissioned the sheriff to grant possession of the land to the heir and collect the fee payable to the crown.
Most people in Scotland did not own property, but the service of heirs records can be very useful if your ancestors owned their own land or houses. Some families can be traced for several generations through these records.
Inheritance land transactions should also appear in registers of sasines, especially after 1617.
"Special" services of heirs deal with specific land to be inherited. "General" services of heirs mention inheritances but not specific lands.
Availability of Records. The Scottish Record Office has the original service of heir records. The Family History Library has printed abstracts of services to heirs from 1544 to 1700:
Inquisition ad capellam domini regis refornatarum abbreviatio. [Scotland]: n.p., 1811-1816. (FHL book Q 941 A2i; film 908847.) These records are in Latin.
The library also has microfilm copies of original records from 1586 to 1901. Each volume is indexed. To find the microfilm numbers, look in the Locality Search of the Family History Library Catalog under:
SCOTLAND - LAND AND PROPERTY
Indexes. Annotated ten-year indexes are in print for service of heir records created between 1700 and 1860. After 1860, there are annual indexes. Both the Scottish Record Office and the Family History Library have these indexes.
From 1700 to 1959 the indexes are in book form (FHL book Q 941 R2ch). These indexes are very valuable because they give more information than just name and page. The information can help you decide if a certain service of heir is really the one you want. The actual records are difficult to read because they are in Latin. From 1700 to 1860, the indexes are on microfilm (FHL film 990340).
A list of indexes to service of heir records at the Family History Library is in:
Sasines, Services of Heirs, and Deeds Register. Salt Lake City, Utah: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Family History Library, 1981. (FHL book 941 R2ss; fiche 6054478.)
The following book will be of special interest for people in North America using Scottish service of heir records:
Dobson, David. Scottish American Heirs 1683-1883. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1990. (FHL book 941 D2d.) This work names every Scot who is listed in the service of heirs records who has a North American tie.
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<center>Time Period |
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1530-1700
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Chancery
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Summary & Index Retours (1530-1700) Printed Abstracts (in Latin) – called-- Inquisitionum an Capellum Regis Retornatarum Abbreviato |
NAS; FHL NAS; FHL British Q 941 A2i & film 908847
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1700-1959 |
Chancery |
Retours (each volume indexed) Indexes 1700-1959 |
NAS; FHL (1700-1901) NAS; FHL British Q 941 R2ch |
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1700-1860 |
Chancery |
Indexes |
NAS; FHL film 990340 |
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1855-1955 |
Chancery |
Abstract of Services |
NAS; FHL film 1441082
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1860-1929 |
Chancery |
Indexes 1860-1929 |
NAS; FHL fiche 6068606 |
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1586-1901 |
Chancery |
Retours--Each volume indexed |
NAS; FHL film 231260 |
Note: Also found in Sheriff Courts, Regality Courts and Burgh Courts.