Czech Genealogical Word List
Genealogical Word List
Czech
This list contains Czech words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Czech-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section.) Czech is a Slavic language derived from the West Slavic language family. Czech is related to Slovak and Polish and is used in the genealogical sources throughout the Czech Republic. Czech is the language of the Czech Republic and was the official language in the Czech lands of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the former Czechoslovakia. In addition, the Czech language may be found in the records of Czech communities in the United States, Canada, and other areas settled by Czechs. Before 1918, the Czech lands were provinces of Austria, which, together with Hungary, constituted the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Records written before 1918 may be in German, Latin, or Czech. Czech records often contain German and Latin words. See the German Genealogical Word List and the Latin Genealogical Word List.
Language Characteristics
The Czech Alphabet
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sound in on |
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sound in father |
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sound in back |
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sound in bits |
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sound in chat |
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sound in dog |
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sound in ginger |
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sound in led |
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sound in wear |
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sound in yes |
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sound in fast |
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sound in gas |
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sound in help |
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sound in loch (aspirated) |
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sound in sit |
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sound in bee |
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sound in youth |
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sound in kiss |
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sound in land |
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sound in man |
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sound in new |
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sound in canyon |
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sound in home |
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sound in boat |
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sound in peak |
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sound in ran (often rolled) |
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sound like 's' in marsh |
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sound in sun |
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sound in shoe |
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sound in top |
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sound like 't' in tune |
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sound in put |
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sound in pool |
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sound in pool |
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sound in van |
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sound in bit |
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sound in bee |
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sound in zoo |
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sound like 's' in measure |
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Qq, Ww, Xx |
are used in foreign words only | |||
NOTE: the letter combination “CH" is treated as a single character and is alphabetized after the letter “H”
Variant Forms of Words
In Czech, the forms of most words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who, whose, whom, or marry, marries, married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Czech, any word may have different forms, depending on how it is used. This word list gives the standard form of each Czech word. The endings of Czech words in a document often differ from what you find in this list.
Surnames. Surnames will have the added ending -ová or -á if the person referred to is female:
Gender. Czech words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe the singular and plural forms of Czech words must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings:
This word list gives only the singular masculine form of adjectives. Thus, starý, stará, staré, and sta_í (all forms of “old”) are listed as starý. The endings of past tense verbs also change, depending on the gender and number of the subject:
This word list gives only the narodil se (“he was born”) form of the past tense verb. You can conclude that narodila se means “she was born,” etc.
Plurals. Plural forms of Czech words usually change the singular word:
Words ending in -a change to -y:
- žena wife ž'eny wives
Words ending in -o change to -a:
- m'ě'sto city m'ě'sta cities
Words ending in -e and -í do not change:
- ulice street ulice streets
Words ending in a consonant add -y. A few words add -i, -ové, or -e to form the plural:
- list page listy pages
- muž husband muž'i husbands
The plural form may change the basic word:
- dítě child d'ě'ti children
- bratr brother brat_i brothers
- zámek palace zámky palaces
Grammatical Use. The endings of Czech words can also vary, depending on the grammatical use of the words. Czech grammar requires a different ending for a word used as a subject, a possessive, an object, or with a preposition. Czech words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Certain possessive endings give the meaning “of” to a word. Nouns change the endings to show possession. Nouns ending with a consonant add -a or -e:
'
- bratr brother bratra of brother
- muž husband muž'e of husband
Nouns ending with -a add -y:
- sestra sister sestry of sister
Nouns ending with -o add -a:
- m'ě'sto city m'ě'sta of city
Plural masculine nouns change to -_:
- muž'i husband muž_ of husbands
Plural feminine or neuter nouns drop the last vowel:
- ženy wife ž'en of wives
Adjectives change the endings to show possession. Adjectives ending in -ý change to -ého:
- narozený born narozeného of the born
Adjectives ending in -á change to -é:
- k_t_ná baptized k_t_né of the baptized
Adjectives ending in -é change to -ého:
- neznámé unknown neznámého of the unknown
Adjectives ending in -í change to -ího:
- první first prvního of the first
Plural adjectives ending in -ý or -í add -ch:
- zem_elý deceased zem_elých of the deceased
- erbovní heraldic erbovních of the heraldic
These examples show some endings in context:
- Syn zem_elého Josefa Nováka a Anny Plevové means “son of the deceased Josef Novák and of Anna Plevová (Pleva).”
- Manž'elství mezi Karlem Václavem Havlem a Barborou Marií Kozárovou means “marriage between Karel Václav Havel and Barbora Marie Kozárová (Kozár).”
Alphabetical Order
Written Czech uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet: á, _, _,
é, ě, í, _, ó, _, š, _, ú, _, ý, ž. The letter combination ch is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after h. Letters q, w, and x are used only in words of foreign origin. Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:
a,á b c,_ d,_ e,é,ě f g h ch i,í j k l m n, _ o,ó p (q) r,_ s,š t,_ u,ú,_ v (w) ( x) y,ý z,ž
This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. However, when you work with alphabetized Czech records, use the Czech alphabetical order.
Spelling
Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. In Czech, the following spelling variations are common:
- i, y, and j used interchangeably
- s and z used interchangeably
- w used for v
- rz used for _
- sz used for š
- cz used for _
Czech is a phonetic language, which means words are pronounced as they are written.
Additional Resources
This word list includes the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Czech-English dictionary. Several are available at the Family History Library in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 491.86321. The following dictionary is helpful when you do genealogical research and is available through most bookstores which carry Czech books:
- Poldauf, Ivan. Anglicko-_eský a _esko-anglický slovník (English-Czech and Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: Státní Pedagogické
Nakladatalství, 1971. (FHL book 491.86321 P757a)
The following dictionary is also available on microfilm and microfiche for use in Family History Centers:
- Cheshire, Harold T. esko-anglický slovník (Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: J. Otto, 1935. (FHL book 491.86321 C424c; film
1181683 item 1-2; fiche 6001286-6001287).
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under CZECH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under CZECH REPUBLIC—LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES. These include other dictionaries and language helps, such as Czech grammar books.
Key Words
In order to find and use specific types of Czech records, you will need to know some key words in Czech. This section gives key genealogical terms in English with Czech translations. For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Czech words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Czech records to indicate marriage.
English Czech
baptism, baptisms k_est, k_ty, k_estní, k_tít,
k_til, pok_til
birth, births narození, narozený,
rodný, narodil se
burial, burials poh_eb, poh_by
Catholic _ímsko-katolický
census s_ítání lidu
child dítě, děcko, dě_átko
christenings (see baptism)
civil registry státní matriky
death, deaths úmrtí, smrt, úmrtní,
um_el, zem_ít, zem_el,
zesnul, skonal
father otec, otcové, otce, táta,
ta_ka,tatík, tatínek
husband manžel, cho_, mu_
index seznam, rejst_ík, index
Jewish židovský
marriage, marriages s_atek, s_atky,
manželství, svatba,
oddavky, oddací,
oddaný, oddat,
oženil se (man), vdala se (woman)
military vojsko, vojenský
month měsíc
mother matka, matky, máma,
mamka, maminka
name, given (k_estní) jméno
name, surname p_íjmení, rodné jméno, vlastní jméno
parent, parents rodi_, rodi_e
parish farnost, fara
Protestant protestant
wife manželka, cho_, žena
year rok
General Word List
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. In this list, optional versions of Czech words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Some Czech phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Czech word, not the first word, of the phrase. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.
Czech English
A
a and
aby so that
adoptovaný adopted
adresá_ directory
ale but
ani not even
archív archive
asi perhaps, about, maybe,
circa
atd. and so forth
B
bába (babina, babi_ka) grandmother
badatel researcher
bakalá_ student
bará_ník cottager
barví_ dyer
běhavka diarrhea
běloruský Belorussian
berní ruly tax lists
bez without
bezdětný childless
bezejmenný unnamed, nameless
bílý white
bi_mování confirmations
biskup bishop
blízký near
blížn_, blíž_ata twin, twins
bolest pain
Boží the Lord’s
bratr, brat_i brother, brothers
bratranec cousin (male)
b_ezen March
bude he will, she will, it will
budou they will
B_h the Lord
bydlící residing
bydlišt_ residence
byl, byla, bylo was
byli, byly were
být to be
bývalý former, the late (deceased)
C, _
_. (_íslo) number
_as time
_asopis magazine, periodical
_ást part, portion
_asto often
cech guild
celý entire
census census
_erný black
_erven June
_ervenec July
_ervený red
_eský Czech, Bohemian
cesta road
cestovní pas passport
chalupník cottager, poor peasant
chce he wants
chlap peasant, country fellow
chlapec boy
choroba disease
cho_ spouse
cihlá_ brick maker
cikán gypsy
církev church
císa_ský imperial
císa_ství empire
cizí foreign, strange
cizozemský foreign
_len member
co what
_trnáct(ý) fourteen (fourteenth)
_tvrtek Thursday
_tvrtláník farmer (quarter-land
holder)
_tvrtý fourth
_ty_i four
_ty_icátý fortieth
_ty_icet forty
_ty_i sta four hundred
_ty_stý four hundredth
cukrovka diabetes
D, _
dan_ taxation
dar donation
datum date
dcera, dcery daughter, daughters
děcko child
děd (děda, dědek,
děde_ek)
grandfather, old man
dědic heir
dědictví heritage, inheritance
dějiny history
děkanát deanery, division of a
diocese
dělník laborer, worker
den day
desátek tithing
desátý tenth
deset ten
dě_átko little child
děti children
devadesát(ý) ninety (ninetieth)
devatenáct(ý) nineteen (nineteenth)
devátý ninth
d_v_e (d_v_ina) girl
devět nine
devět set nine hundred
devítistý nine hundredth
díl portion, share, volume
diecéze diocese
dítě child
dítěte of the child
dívka (dív_ina) girl
dle according to
dlouhý long
dne on the day
dnes today
dnešní today's
do to, into
doba time, period
dobrý good
dodatek supplement, addition
doklad document
dolní lower
doma at home
domká_ cottager
domovský list residency certificate
dopis letter, correspondence
d_íve previously
d_ív_jší former
druhého on the second
druhopis duplicate
druhý second
duben April
d_chodce pensioner
d_kaz proof
d_m house
duplikát duplicate
dva two
dvacátý twentieth
dvacátý _tvrtý twenty-fourth
dvacátý devátý twenty-ninth
dvacátý druhý twenty-second
dvacátý osmý twenty-eighth
dvacátý pátý twenty-fifth
dvacátý první twenty-first
dvacátý sedmý twenty-seventh
dvacátý šestý twenty-sixth
dvacátý t_etí twenty-third
dvacet twenty
dvacet _ty_i twenty-four
dvacet devět twenty-nine
dvacet dva twenty-two
dvacet jeden twenty-one
dvacet osm twenty-eight
dvacet pět twenty-five
dvacet sedm twenty-seven
dvacet šest twenty-six
dvacet t_i twenty-three
dvanáct(ý) twelve (twelfth)
dvě two
dvě stě two hundred
dvoj_e, dvoj_ata twin, twins
dvoustý two hundredth
dv_r court
E
emigrace emigration
erb coat of arms
erbovní heraldic
erbovnictví heraldry
evangelický Evangelical, Lutheran,
Protestant
F
fara parish
fará_ pastor, parish priest
farní ú_ad parish office
farnost parish
G
genealogický strom family tree
genealogie genealogy
grunt family property
gruntovní knihy land records
gruntovník farmer, land holder
gubernie Russian province
H
haví_ coal miner
heraldika heraldry
historie history
hlavní main
ho him
hodina hour
hodný worthy
holi_ barber
hora mountain, hill
hore_ka fever
horní upper
horník miner
hospodá_ farmer (self sustaining)
hospodá_ství farm
hostinský innkeeper
hrad castle
hranice border, boundary
h_bitov cemetery
hrob grave
hrn_í_ potter
I
i and
imigrace immigration
informace information
J
jak how, as
jako as, like
jaký what kind of
jazyk language
je he is, she is, it is
jeden, -na, -no a, an, one
jedenáct(ý) eleven (eleventh)
jediná_ek the only child
jeho his, its
její her
jejich their
jen only, just
ještě still, yet
ještě ne not yet
jezero lake
jih south
jinak té_ alias
jindy at another time
jiný other, different
jitro morning
ji_ already
jméno given name
jmenovit_ that means, namely
jsou they are
K
k to, for
kalendá_ calendar
kam to where
kameník mason
kaple chapel
kašel cough
katolický Catholic
kazatel preacher
každý each, every
kde where
kdo who
kdy (když) when
kilometr kilometer
klášter convent, monastery
klempí_ tinsmith
kmotr godfather
kmotra godmother
kmot_i godparents
kn_z priest
kniha, knihy book, books
knihovna library
koho whom
kojenec suckling
kolem about, approximately
kominík chimney sweep
konec end
kone_ný final, last
konto account
konverze conversion
kostel church
koupil he bought
ková_ smith
koželuh tanner
kraj region, area
král king
královna queen
královský royal
království kingdom
-krát times
k_e_e cramps, convulsions
krej_í tailor (male)
k_est christening, baptism
k_estní jméno given name
k_estní list christening (baptismal) certificate
krevní blood relation
kronika, kroniky chronicle, chronicles
k_t_nec the one christened, baptized
k_t_ný christened, baptized
k_til have christened, baptized
k_tu of the christening
k_ty christenings, baptisms
krvácení bleeding, hemorrhage
který who, which
kupec shopkeeper, merchant
kumšt trade, occupation
kv_ten May
L
lán a measure of land
laník landholder
latinský Latin
lázn_ spa, spring, bath
leden January
léka_ physician
les forest, woods
lesník forester
léta (let) years
letopo_et date
letos this year
levobo_ek illegitimate child
levý left
lidé (lid) people
list certificate, page
listina legal document
listopad November
lo_ ship, boat
loni last year
lože status of legitimacy, bed
lože manželské legitimate
lože nemanželské illegitimate
M
má he has, she has, it has
macecha stepmother
ma_arský Hungarian
majetek property
majetný wealthy, property owning
mají they have
malí_ painter
malý small, little
máma (matka, mamka, maminka) mother
manžel husband
manželé married couple
manželka wife
manželský legitimate
manželství marriage
mapa map
matrika, matriky vital records, church records, parish registers
matrika narozených birth register
matrika oddaných marriage register
matrika zem_elých death register
m_l, -a, -o he had, she had, it had
menší lesser, smaller, shorter
m_síc month
m_š_an burgher, citizen
m_sto town, city
mezi between
místní local
místo place, locality
místo bydlišt_ place of residence
místopisný slovník gazetteer
mistr master craftsman
mít to have
ml. (mladší) younger, junior
mládenec young man [starý
mládenec = bachelor]
mladý young
mlýn mill
mlyná_ miller
modlitba prayer
modrý blue
moravský Moravian
most bridge
mrtv_ narozený stillborn
mrtvý dead
mu to him
muž man, husband
mužský male
myslivec hunter
N
na on, at, around
náboženství religion
nad on the, above, upon
nádeník day worker, day laborer
náhrobek gravestone
nájemník renter
nalezenec foundling
nám to us
nar. birth, was born
narodil se was born
národní national
narození birth
narozený born
nás us
náš (naše) our
následující next
ne (ne-) no, not
nebo or
nebo_tík the deceased
nedaleko not far from
ned_le Sunday
nedostatek lack of
nejmladší youngest
nejstarší oldest, eldest
nekatolík non-Catholic
nemanželský illegitimate
n_mecký German
nemluvn_ infant
nemoc disease
není is not
neštovice small pox
nete_ niece
neuvedeno not mentioned
nev_sta bride
nevlastní step- (as in stepmother
stepsister, and so forth)
nevolník vassal, serf
nevyskytuje se does not appear
nezletilý not of legal age, minor
neznámý unknown
nic nothing
nikdy never
nízký low, short
niž_í lower
noc night
novomanželé newlyweds
novorozenec newborn
nový new
nyn_jší this, the present
O
o about, concerning
oba (ob_) both
ob_an citizen
ob_anství citizenship
obchodník merchant
obdržel received
obec, obce community, communities
oblastní archív regional archive
ob_ad rite, ceremony
ob_ezání (ob_ízka) circumcision
obsah content
obuvník shoemaker
obyvatel inhabitant, resident, citizen
obyvatelstvo population
od from, since
odbytý performed
oddací list marriage certificate
oddací matrika marriage register
oddaný married
oddat to marry
oddavky marriage
odkud from where
odpoledne in the afternoon
odpov_d_t to reply
ohlášený announced, published
ohlášky banns
okam_it_ right away, immediately
okolo about, around
okres district, county
on, -a, -o, -i, -y he, she, it, they
osada community
osm(ý) eight (eighth)
osmdesát(ý) eighty (eightieth)
osmistý eight hundredth
osmnáct(ý) eighteen (eighteenth)
osm set eight hundred
osoba person
osobní personal
ot_ím stepfather
otec, otcové father, fathers
ov_ák shepherd
ovdov_lá widowed
ovdov_lý widowered
ožen_ný married (man)
oženil se married a woman
P
pacholek farm servant
padesát(ý) fifty (fiftieth)
pan sir, Mr., Lord
paní lady, Mrs.
panna maiden, Miss, virgin
[stará panna = old
maiden, spinster]
pastý_ herdsman
pátek Friday
patnáct(ý) fifteen, fifteenth
patrimoniální knihy patrimonial books
pátý fifth
pe_e_ seal
peka_ baker
p_stoun foster father
p_stounka foster mother
p_t five
p_tistý five hundredth
p_t set five hundred
pevnost fortress
písa_ scribe
plnoletnost age of consent, legal age, majority
plnoletý of legal age
plný full, complete
po (potom) after
pobyt residence
pochovat buried
pod under
poddaný serf
podepsaný the undersigned
podle according to
podobný similar
podpis signature
podpora assistance
podruh farm laborer
pohlaví gender, sex
poh_bený buried
poh_eb, poh_by burial, burials
pohrobek posthumous child
pok_t_ný christened
pok_til have christened, baptized
poledne noon
polský Polish
pomoc help
pond_lí Monday
popálenina burn
popis description
poplatek fee, cost
populace population
porod childbirth, labor
porodní bába midwife
poru_ník guardian
poslední final, last
poslední pomazání last rites
poslední v_le last will, testament
potok stream
potomek descendant
povolání occupation, profession
povolení permission
požehnání blessing
pozemkové knihy land books
poznámky remarks
poz_stalý left behind, surviving
pra- greatprabába
(prababi_ka) great-grandmother
pracovitý diligent, hard working
prad_da (prad_de_ek) great-grandfather
prarodi_e grandparents
prastrýc great uncle
prateta great aunt
pravd_podobn_ in all likelihood, probably
právní legal
právo law
pravoslavný orthodox
pravý right, true
pražský pertaining to Prague
p_ed before, in front of
p_edek ancestor
p_edešlý previous
p_edev_írem day before yesterday
p_edtím before
p_esn_ exactly
p_ibli_ný approximate
p_íbuzný related, relative
p_í_ina cause, reason
p_íjmení surname, last name
p_íslušnost relationship
p_íslušný appropriate
p_íští next
p_ítel friend (male)
p_ítelkyn_ friend (female)
p_ítomnost presence
p_ízvisko surname
pro for
pro_ why
prohlášení statement
prosba request
prosíme we request
prosinec December
protestantský Protestant
proti against
proto_e because
provdala se she married
pr_jem diarrhea
pruský Prussian
první first
prvorozený firstborn
prý said to be
psát to write
p_l half
p_lláník farmer (half-land holder)
p_lnoc midnight
p_vod origin, parentage
R, _
r. (roku) year
radnice city hall
rakouský Austrian
rakovina cancer
ráno in the morning
rejst_ík list, index
_eka river
_emeslník tradesman
_emeslo trade
rešerše genealogical research
_ezník butcher
_íjen October
_ímsko-katolický Roman Catholic
robotník laborer, vassal
ro_. (ro_ník) year (of book)
roce year
ro_ní annual
rod family, clan, descent,
lineage
rodem maiden name
rodi_, rodi_e parent, parents
rodina family
rodišt_ birthplace
rodná matrika birth register
rodné jméno surname
rodný list birth certificate
rodokmen pedigree, family tree,
lineage
rodopis genealogy
rok year
roky (rok_) years
rolník peasant
rovn__ also, too
roz. (rozená) maiden name
rozvedený divorced
rozvod divorce
ruský Russian, Ruthenian,
Ukrainian
r_zný various
rybá_ fisherman
rychtá_ village magistrate
rynek marketplace
rytí_ knight
S, Š
s, se with
samota hamlet
s_ítání lidu census
sd_lení report
sd_lujeme Vám we inform you
šedesát(ý) sixty (sixtieth)
sedlák farmer (large farm)
sedm(ý) seven (seventh)
sedmdesát(ý) seventy (seventieth)
sedmistý seven hundredth
sedmnáct(ý) seventeen (seventeenth)
sedm set seven hundred
šenký_ tavern keeper
šest(ý) six (sixth)
šestistý six hundredth
šestnáct(ý) sixteen (sixteenth)
sestra sister
sest_enice cousin (female)
šestset six hundred
sever north
seznam list, index, directory
sice namely, or
sirotek (sirota) orphan
škola school
slabost weakness, sickness
slabý weak
slavný famous
šlechta nobility
šlechtic nobleman
sle_na miss
slezský Silesian
slovenský Slovak
slovník dictionary
sluha servant (male)
služba service
služka (služebná) servant (female)
smlouva contract, agreement
smrt death
snacha daughter-in-law
snad perhaps
s_atek, s_atky marriage, marriages
snoubenec fiancé, betrothed, groom
snoubenka fiancée, betrothed, bride
sobota Saturday
souchotiny consumption
soud court
soudce judge
souhlas consent
sourozenci siblings; brothers and
sisters
soused, sousedé neighbor, neighbors
spála scarlet fever
spalni_ky measles
spole_n_ together
spole_nost society
srpen August
stará panna old maid, spinster
staroba old age
starosta mayor
starší older, elder, senior
starý old
starý mládenec bachelor
stát state
statek farm
státní matriky civil registry
stav marital status, condition
sto hundred
stola_ cabinet maker
století century
str. (strana) page, side
st_ed, -ní central, middle, average
st_eda Wednesday
strýc uncle
stý one hundredth
sv. (svazek) volume, number
švadlena seamstress
švagr brother-in-law
švagrová sister-in-law
svatba wedding
svatební marital, of marriage
svatební oznámení wedding announcement
svátek holiday
svatý holy
švec shoemaker
sv_dek witness
svobodný unmarried, single
svolení consent
sv_j, svá, své his own, her own
syn, synové son, sons
synagóga synagogue
synovec nephew
T, _
tady here
tak zvaný so called
také also
tam there
tam_jší of that place
táta (tatík, ta_ka,
tatínek)
father
tchán father-in-law
tchýn_ mother-in-law
t_hotenství pregnancy
t_hotná pregnant
tesa_ carpenter
teta aunt
tisíc(í) one thousand (one
thousandth)
titul title
tkadlec weaver
to it, this
tohoto roku of the current year
tolik so much, as much
tovaryš journeymen
t_etí third
trh (tr_išt_) market
t_i three
t_icátý thirtieth
t_icet thirty
t_ináct(ý) thirteen (thirteenth)
t_i sta three hundred
t_ístý three hundredth
truhlá_ cabinetmaker
tu here
tuberkulóza tuberculosis
týden week
týdny weeks
tyfus b_išní typhoid fever
U
u at, in
ubohý poor
u_edník (u_e_) apprentice
u_itel teacher
údaj information
údolí valley
uherský Hungarian
uhlí_ coal man
ukrajinský Ukrainian
ul. (ulice) street, road
uložený deposited
úmluva contract, agreement
um_el died
um_ít to die
úmrtí death
úmrtní list death certificate
úmrtní matrika death register
únor February
úplavice dysentery
ú_ad office
ú_edník clerk, officer
urozený of noble birth
usedlík settler
ústní verbal, oral
úterý Tuesday
uveden known
už already
už ne no longer
uzav_ení contracting (of marriage)
V
v, ve in, on, at
valach ethnic identity, shepherd
Vás you
Váš your
v_era yesterday
v_erejší yesterday’s
vdala se married a man
vdaná married (woman)
vdova widow
vdova po Jozefovi widow of Jozef
vdovec widower
ve_er in the evening
vedle next to
v_k age
velký big, great, large
velmo_ný magnate
ves village
vesnice village
vévodství duchy
viz see
vlast homeland
vlastní own, real, natural, self
vlastní jméno surname
vnu_ka granddaughter
vnuk grandson
voda water
voják soldier
vojenský military
vojsko military
vrchní upper
všechno all
v_bec ne not at all
východ east
vydaný published
vykonal performed, did,
accomplished
vým_nká_ pensioner
výpis extract
výro_í anniversary
vysoký high, tall
vyšší upper
vývod pedigree
vyznání religion
vždy always
Z, _
z, ze from, of (a place)
žadný no, none
žádost request
zahradník gardener
zákonný lawful, legal, legitimate
záme_ník locksmith
zámek palace
zam_stnání employment
západ west
zápal plic pneumonia
zá_í September
záškrt diphtheria
zasnoubení engagement (to marry)
zasnoubený betrothed, engaged
zasnoubit se to become engaged
záv__ will, testament
zde here
zdejší of this place
žebrák beggar
zedník bricklayer
zelený green
země earth
zem_d_lec peasant
zem_el died
zemské desky land tablets
žena woman, wife
ženatý married (man)
ženich bridegroom
ženský female
žesnul died
ze_ son-in-law
žid, židové Jew, Jewish
židovský Jewish
žijící living
zítra tomorrow
život life
životopis biography
žloutenka jaundice
zni_ení destruction
znovu again
zvaný called, also known as,
alias, named
Numbers
In some genealogical records, numbers are spelled out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form with a possessive grammatical ending. In the following list, the ordinal number in its standard form is given first, followed by the possessive form (in some cases only the possessive ending is listed):
pátý the fifth
pátého on the fifth (of the month)
Cardinal Ordinal
1 jeden, jedna, jedno 1st první, prvního
2 dva, dvě 2nd druhý, druhého
3 t_i 3rd t_etí, t_etího
4 _ty_i 4th _tvrtý, _tvrtého
5 pět 5th pátý, pátého
6 šest 6th šestý, šestého
7 sedm 7th sedmý, sedmého
8 osm 8th osmý, osmého
9 devět 9th devátý, devátého
10 deset 10th desátý, desátého
11 jedenáct 11th jedenáctý, -ého
12 dvanáct 12th dvanáctý, -ého
13 t_ináct 13th t_ináctý, -ého
14 _trnáct 14th _trnáctý, -ého
15 patnáct 15th patnáctý, -ého
16 šestnáct 16th šestnáctý, -ého
17 sedmnáct 17th sedmnáctý, -ého
18 osmnáct 18th osmnáctý, -ého
19 devatenáct 19th devatenáctý, -ého
20 dvacet 20th dvacátý, -ého
21 dvacet jeden, -jedna,-jedno
21st dvacátý první, dvacátého prvního
22 dvacet dva 22nd dvacátý druhý, dvacátého druhého
23 dvacet t_i 23rd dvacátý t_etí, dvacátého t_etího
24 dvacet _ty_i 24th dvacátý _tvrtý, dvacátého _tvrtého
25 dvacet pět 25th dvacátý pátý, dvacátého pátého
26 dvacet šest 26th dvacátý šestý,dvacátého šestého
27 dvacet sedm 27th dvacátý sedmý, dvacátého sedmého
28 dvacet osm 28th dvacátý osmý, dvacátého osmého
29 dvacet dev_t 29th dvacátý devátý, dvacátého devátého
30 t_icet 30th t_icátý, t_icátého
40 _ty_icet 40th _ty_icátý, -ého
50 padesát 50th padesátý, -ého
60 šedesát 60th šedesátý, -ého
70 sedmdesát 70th sedmdesátý, -ého
80 osmdesát 80th osmdesátý, -ého
90 devadesát 90th devadesátý, -ého
100 sto 100th stý, -ého
200 dvěstě 200th dvoustý, -ého
300 t_ista 300th t_ístý, -ého
400 _ty_ista 400th _ty_stý, -ého
500 p_tset 500th p_tistý, -ého
600 šestset 600th šestistý, -ého
700 sedmset 700th sedmistý, -ého
800 osmset 800th osmistý, -ého
900 devětset 900th devítistý, -ého
1000 tisíc 1000th tisící, -ího
Date and Time
To understand Czech dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding “Numbers” section. In Czech records, dates are occasionally spelled out. Dates are usually given with possessive grammatical endings:
- dvacátého osmého srpna jeden tisíc osm set
- padesát dva [on the twenty-eighth of August one thousand eight hundred fifty and two (28 August 1852)]
Months of the Year
Czech dates are always given in day-month-year order. Months are often abbreviated using a Roman numeral. For example, 25 February 1848 could be written:
25. února 1848
25. 2. 1848
25. II. 1848
The months listed below are shown in their standard form and in the possessive form used in writing dates:
Czech English
I leden, ledna January
II únor, února February
III b_ezen, b_ezna March
IV duben, dubna April
V květen, kvě_tna May
VI _erven, _ervna June
VII _ervenec, _ervence July
VIII srpen, srpna August
IX zá_í September
X _íjen, _íjna October
XI listopad, listopadu November
XII prosinec, prosince December
Days of the Week
Czech English
neděle Sunday
pondělí Monday
úterý Tuesday
st_eda Wednesday
_tvrtek Thursday
pátek Friday
sobota Saturday
Times of the Day
Czech records may indicate the exact time when the birth, marriage, or death occurred. This is usually spelled out.
| Czech |
English |
v deset hodin |
at 10 o’clock |
|---|---|---|---|
| ráno |
in the morning | ||
| dopoledne |
forenoon | ||
| poledne / v poledne |
noon | ||
| odpoledne |
afternoon | ||
| ve_er |
in the evening | ||
| v noci |
at night | ||
| p_lnoc / o p_lnoci |
midnight | ||