Danish to English Genealogical Word List
| Danish Genealogical Word List | |
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A[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| aa | see å |
| aaben | open |
| aandsvag | mentally deficient |
| aar | year |
| aar gammel, aar gl. | year old |
| aaret | the year |
| aarlig | yearly, annual |
| aarsag | cause |
| aarti | decade |
| A.D.(Latin) | year of the Lord |
| ablutus est (Latin) | he was baptized |
| abort | miscarriage |
| a (ab) (Latin) | from, by |
| abscessus (Latin) | death |
| absolvere | to give absolution |
| abstersus (Latin) | baptized |
| addresse | address |
| adel | nobility |
| adelig | noble |
| adelsmand | nobleman |
| adjudant | adjutant |
| advokat, sagfører | lawyer, attorney |
| aetas (aetatis) (Latin) | age |
| af | of, at, by, from |
| af første (lste) ægteskab | of first marriage |
| af sognet | of the parish |
| afdeling | part, division, portion |
| afdød | deceased |
| afgangne | departed |
| afgangsliste | moving-out record |
| afgift | rent, duty, monetary fee |
| afkom | offspring |
| afsked | leave, resignation, departure |
| afstraffe | punish |
| afstaa, afstige | resign, give up |
| aftægt | provide support |
| aftægtsfolk | retired people |
| aftægtskone | retired woman |
| aftægtsmand | retired man |
| alder | age |
| alderdomssvaghed | weakness from old age |
| aldrig | never |
| alenstok | yardstick (equivalent of 24 inches, or 0.63 modern-day meters) |
| alkove | alcove, bed closed with doors or curtains, shared by 2-3 people |
| alle | all |
| alle felter | all fields |
| almindelig | common |
| almisse | alms, welfare |
| almisselem | pauper, welfare recipient |
| alt | all |
| altid | always |
| altsaa | consequently, accordingly, therefore, so |
| amt | county |
| amtet | the county |
| amtmand | chief county administrator |
| anden | 2nd |
| anden gang | second time |
| andre | others |
| anetavle | pedigree |
| anfald | seizures |
| anført | entered, mentioned, placed |
| ankomst | arrival |
| anmode | request |
| anmærkninger | remark, notice, note |
| anno (Latin) | in the year (of) |
| anno domini (Latin) | in the year of (our) Lord |
| annus (Latin) | year |
| antal | number, count |
| April | April |
| arbejder | worker |
| arbejdsmand | worker, laborer |
| arkiv | archive |
| arme\' | army |
| arv | inheritance |
| arve | inherit |
| arvinger | heirs |
| at | that, at, |
| atten | 18 |
| attende | 18th |
| attest | certificate |
| August | August |
| af = av | of, at, by, from |
B[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| baade | both |
| bager | baker |
| band | excommunication |
| baptisatus (Latin) | baptized |
| bar | carried |
| bar barnet | held child at font |
| barn, børn | child, children |
| barndom | childhood |
| barnebarn | grandchild |
| barnedaab | child’s baptism |
| barnefader | the child-'s father |
| barneløs | childless |
| barsel | birth |
| barselseng | birthing bed |
| bd.(bind) | volume |
| beboer | occupant, resident |
| bedstefader | grandfather |
| bedstemoder | grandmother |
| befandtes | was found |
| befolkning | population, inhabitants |
| begge | both |
| begravelse | burial |
| begrv. = begravet | buried |
| begynder | begin |
| behersker | ruler, lord, master |
| behørig | proper, due |
| bekræfter | confirm |
| bemærkning | remark |
| ben | leg,bone, limb |
| besidder | owner |
| beskrive | describe |
| bestefar | grandfather |
| bestemoder | grandmother |
| bestemor | grandmother |
| bestilling | occupation |
| betalt for | paid for |
| betjent | policeman |
| betler, tigger | beggar |
| bevise | prove, demonstrate |
| beværter | innkeeper |
| bibliotek | library |
| bikube | beehive |
| bimpel | small barrel, used for transporting beer to/from the fields |
| bind | volume |
| biografi | biography |
| birk | court district |
| bismer | small portable scale |
| bispedømme | diocese |
| blikkenslager | tinsmith |
| blind | blind |
| blive, blev, blef | become, became |
| blod | blood |
| blodgang | dysentery |
| bo | to live at, home |
| boede | lived |
| boelsmand | farmer, resides at |
| bog | book |
| boghandler | bookseller |
| bogholder | bookkeeper, accountant |
| bolig | residence, house |
| bonde | farmer |
| bopæl | residence, home, domicile |
| bor | live |
| borger | citizen |
| borgerskab | citizenship |
| borgmester | mayor |
| brev | letter, correspondence |
| broder | brother |
| broderdatter | brother’s daughter |
| brodersøn | brother’s son |
| bror | brother |
| brudefolk | couple being married |
| bruden | the bride |
| brudgommen | the bridegroom |
| brygmester | brewer |
| bryllup | marriage ceremony |
| brændehugger | woodcutter |
| brændevinsbrænder | distiller of spirits |
| brødre | brothers |
| by | city, town, village |
| byen | the town, city, village |
| bygge | build |
| bygmester | builder |
| byld | abscess |
| bære, bar, baaret | carry, carried |
| bødker | cooper |
| børn | children |
| børn af første ægteskab | children of first marriage |
| børnebørn | grandchildren |
| børnene | the children |
| børstenbinder | brush-maker |
| bøssemager | gunsmith |
| baad | boat, ship |
| baadebygger | shipbuilder |
| baadsmand | boatswain, bosun |
| baaret | carried |
| baaret til daaben | carried to the christening (font) |
C[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| christened, xtened | baptized |
| circa (Latin) | about, around, round about |
| commune | municipality (community) |
| communionsbog | communion book |
| confirmeret | confirmed |
| conjugatus (Latin) | married |
| coppeattest, koppeattest | vaccination certificate, smallpox |
| copulati sunt (Latin) | they were married, joined |
| copulationis (Latin) | of marriage |
| copulerede | married |
| copuleret | married |
D[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| dag, dage | day, days |
| dagleje | day work |
| daglejer | day worker |
| dal | valley |
| Danmark | Denmark |
| dansk | danish |
| dato | date |
| datter | daughter |
| datterdatter | daughter’s daughter |
| dattersøn | daughter’s son |
| datum (Latin) | date, given |
| de | they, those, the |
| December | December |
| defunctus est (Latin) | he died |
| degn | parish clerk, deacon |
| degnen | the parish clerk, deacon |
| dejtrug | dough trough, used for kneading and raising bread overnight |
| del | part |
| del af samling | part of collection |
| deling | distribution |
| dem | them |
| den, det | the, it, that |
| denne | this |
| denunciatio (Latin) | publication of marriage, banns |
| der | those, who, which, that |
| deres | theirs, yours |
| derfor | therefore |
| det | it, that, the |
| det vil sige | that is (to say), (in other words) |
| dette | this |
| dies (diei) (Latin) | day |
| difteritis | diphtheria |
| din, dit | your, yours |
| disse | these |
| ditto | ditto, the same |
| dom | abrev. dominica |
| dommer | judge |
| domhus | court, law-courts, house |
| dominica | the Lords day, Sunday, sabbath |
| domkirke | cathedral |
| dr.(dreng) | abreviation for dreng (boy) |
| drager | porter, carrier |
| dragon | a dragoon (a member of a military unit composed of heavily armed mounted troops) |
| dranker | drunkard |
| dreier, drejer | turner-lathe, lathe operator, turner |
| dreier-keramisk | thrower-ceramic |
| dreng | boy |
| drengebarn | male child |
| drengen | the boy |
| dronning | queen |
| druknet | drowned |
| drøftetrug | sifting trough, used to clean chaff from the grain |
| dysenteri | dysentery |
| døbt | christened, baptized |
| død | dead, deceased |
| døde | deceased, died |
| døden | the death |
| dødfødt | stillborn |
| dødsattest | certificate of death |
| dødsdag | day of death |
| dødsfald | death |
| dødsaarsag | cause of death |
| døtre | daughters |
| døv | deaf |
| døvstum | deaf and dumb |
| daab | christening, baptism |
| daaben | the christening |
E[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| efter | after |
| efter hans salig | after his death |
| efterkommer | descendant |
| efterladte | survivors, remaining |
| efterlevende | surviving |
| eftermiddag | afternoon |
| efternavn | surname, last name |
| egen | own |
| egentlige | actual |
| ej | not |
| eje | to own |
| ejendom | property, real estate |
| ejusdem (Latin) | the same |
| eller | or, or else |
| elleve | 11 |
| ellevte | 11th |
| embede | public office |
| embedsmand | public official |
| emigrant | emigrant |
| emigrere | emigrate |
| en og tredive | 31 |
| en og tredivte | 31st |
| en og tyve | 21 |
| en og tyvende | 21st |
| endnu | yet, still |
| enebarn | only child |
| enhver | each |
| enk. = enke, enkekone | widow |
| enkem. = enkemand | widower |
| eodem, eodem die (Latin) | the same, on the same day |
| epilepsy | epilepsy |
| er | is, are |
| erhverv | livelihood |
| erhvervsted | work place |
| et, en | a, one, someone, somebody |
| etage | story, floor |
F[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| fabrik | factory |
| fabriksarbejder | factory worker |
| fadder | godfather, godmother, sponsor |
| fader, far | father |
| falde, faldt | to fall, be killed in war |
| familie | family |
| fange | prisoner |
| far | father |
| farbroder | uncle, father’s brother |
| farfader | paternal grandfather |
| farfar | father\'s father |
| farmoder | father\'s mother |
| farmor | father\'s mother |
| farver | dyer |
| faster | aunt, father’s sister |
| fattig | poor, indigent |
| fattiglem | pauper |
| feber | fever |
| Februar | February |
| fem | 5 |
| fem og tyve | 25 |
| fem og tyvende | 25th |
| femte | 5th |
| femten | 15 |
| femtende | 15th |
| feria (Latin) | day, holiday |
| festum (Latin) | feast, festival, wedding |
| findested | finding place |
| fire | 4 |
| fire og tyve | 24 |
| fire og tyvende | 24th |
| firs | 80 |
| firsindstyvende | 80th |
| fiskehandler | fishdealer |
| fisker | fisherman |
| fjerde | 4th |
| fjorten | 14 |
| fjortende | 14th |
| flere | several, more |
| flittig | hardworking |
| flod | river |
| fluefanger | fly catcher |
| flygte | run away |
| flytte | move |
| fod | foot |
| foged | sheriff |
| folio | double page |
| folk | people |
| folketallet | the population |
| folketælling | census |
| for | for, at, before, by |
| for endelig skifte og deling | for final probate and distribution |
| forblinde | blind |
| forblødning | bleeding to death |
| forbryder | criminal |
| forbrænde | burn |
| forbyde, forbuden | against, ban, prohibit |
| fordrukken | drunken |
| forening | union |
| forespurgt | inquired |
| forevist | shown, exhibit |
| forfatterens navn | the writers name |
| forfædre | ancestors |
| forhandler | dealer |
| forhenværende | former, formerly |
| forhus | house in front, often the main or owner’s house |
| forklaring | explanation |
| forlade | leave |
| forlovelse | engagement |
| forlover | he that gives the bride away, best man |
| forloverne | sponsors, bondsmen at marriage |
| forlovet | engaged (to be married) |
| formiddag | morning |
| formynder | guardian |
| fornavn | first name |
| fornødne | requisite, necessary, needful |
| forpagter | lessee, tenant |
| forretning | business |
| forrige | former |
| forstand | intellect, mind |
| forstoppelse | constipation |
| forsørges af | is supported by |
| fortælle | tell |
| forvalter | manager |
| forældre | parents |
| forældreløs | orphan |
| forældrene | the parents |
| fosterbarn | foster child |
| fosterbørn | foster children |
| fosterdatter | foster daughter |
| fostersøn | foster son |
| fourer | quartermaster sergeant |
| fra | from,off, since |
| fraflytte | leave, move from |
| fraskilt | divorced |
| fraværende | absent |
| Fredag | Friday |
| fredsdommer | justice of the peace |
| frembragt | carried forth |
| fremstille | present |
| frille | mistress, concubine |
| frimand | freeholder |
| fripas | deferment (passed by) |
| frisør | hairdresser |
| frue | mrs., wife, lady, not a peasant women |
| fruen | the wife, the lady |
| fruentimmer | unmarried mother |
| frugtsommelig | pregnant |
| frøken | miss., not a peasant woman |
| fuglebur | birdcage |
| fulde | full, complete |
| fuldmægtig | head clerk (with power of attorney) |
| fyldt | attained (age) |
| fyr | young man, fellow, fire |
| fyrmester | lighthouse keeper |
| fyrre | 40 |
| fyrretyvende | 40th |
| fælles | common, joint |
| fængsel | prison |
| fæstebonde | copyholder, leaseholder, farmer |
| fæstegaardmand | copy holder, leaseholder, farmer |
| fæstehusmand | copyholder, small holder |
| fæster | person who is leasing |
| fætter | cousin (male) |
| fødested | birthplace |
| fødsel | birth |
| fødselsdagen | the birthday |
| født | born |
| før | before |
| første | first |
| første gang gift | in first marriage |
| faar | sheep |
| faarehyrde | shepherd |
G[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| gade | street |
| galskab | insanity, madness |
| gammel, gl. | old, aged |
| garde | guard |
| gartner | gardener |
| garver | tanner |
| gejstlig | ecclesiastical |
| genealogi | genealogy |
| gennem | through |
| geografisk leksikon | gazetteer |
| gesandt | minister, envoy |
| gevær soldat | rifle soldier |
| gift, givt | married |
| gigt | rheumatism |
| gjørtlemager | brazier, castings maker |
| glarmester | glazier |
| god | good |
| godsejer | estate owner |
| gratis | free |
| grav | grave |
| graver | sexton |
| graverkarl | grave digger |
| gravida (Latin) | pregnant |
| gravør | engraver |
| gren | branch |
| grenader | infantryman |
| greve | count (nobility) |
| grevinde | countess |
| gris | pig |
| grosserer | merchant |
| grovsmed | blacksmith |
| grubearbejder | miner |
| grund | ground, reason |
| grønthandler | greengrocer |
| gudfader | godfather |
| gudmoder | godmother |
| gulsot | jaundice |
| gyldig | current, valid |
| gældsfængsel | debtors prison |
| gæstgiver | innkeeper |
| gørtler | brazier |
| gaa | go (walk) |
| gaar i dagleje | hired on a daily basis |
| gaar ud | walk out |
| gaard | farm |
| gaardbeboer | people living on a farm |
| gaardbrug | farm |
| gaardbruger | farmer |
| gaarde | farms, homes |
| gaardejer | farm owner |
| gaardfæster | copyholder, tenant |
| gaardmand | farmer, owner, independant |
| gåse-hilde | goose tether |
H[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| h. | often abrev. for hustru (wife) |
| hakkebræt | chopping board |
| hakkekniv | chopping knife |
| halshugget | decapitated |
| halv | half |
| halvfems | 90 |
| halvfemsindstyvende | 90th |
| halvfjerds | 70 |
| halvfjerdsindstyvende | 70th |
| halvtreds | 50 |
| halvtredsindstyvende | 50th |
| han, ham, hans | he, him, his |
| handelsmand | merchant, trader, salesman |
| handler | merchant, trader |
| handskemager | glove maker |
| hans | his |
| har | has, have |
| hattemager | hatmaker |
| havde | had |
| havn | harbor, port |
| hedder | named, is |
| heks | witch |
| heller | neither |
| hellig | holy, sacred |
| hende, hendes | her, hers |
| hensat | set aside, begravet |
| her | here |
| herom | about this |
| herred | judicial district |
| herremand | lord of the manor |
| herskabskusk | coachman |
| herskerinde | mistress |
| hest | horse |
| hestehandler | horse dealer |
| himmelseng | canopy bed |
| hindring | obstacle, hindrance |
| hittebarn | foundling (an abandoned infant) |
| hjem | home |
| hjemme, hiemme | at home |
| hjemmedøbt, hiemmedøbt | baptized at home |
| hjerte | heart |
| hjertefejl | heart disease |
| hjul | wheel |
| hjulmand | wheelwright |
| holde | hold, stop, keep |
| hor | adultery |
| hos | with, at, in |
| hospital | hospital |
| hospitalslem | hospital patient, welfare recipient |
| hoste | cough |
| hovedbogholder | chief accountant |
| hovedgaard | manor |
| hovedliste | main list |
| hovedperson | head of house |
| hovedrulle | complete list of military recruits |
| hovmester | butler |
| hr. | mr. |
| hugaf | old soldier |
| huggehus | workshop |
| hugger | sculptor |
| hun, hende, hendes | she, her, hers |
| hundred | 100 |
| hundrede | 100th |
| hus (huus) | house |
| husar, hussar | cavalryman |
| husbonde | husband, head of house |
| husejer | owner of house |
| husfader | head of the household |
| husfolk | small farmers, about a couple |
| husholderske | housekeeper |
| husmand | cottager, small farmer |
| husmand med Jord | cottager with land |
| husmoder, huusmoder | wife, homemaker |
| husstand | household |
| hustru | wife |
| husfader | head of house |
| hvad | what |
| hvalfanger | whaler |
| hvem | whom |
| hver | every |
| hvid | white |
| hvilken | which |
| hvis | if, whose |
| hvor | where |
| hvornaar | when |
| hvorvidt | whether |
| hyrde | herdsman, shepherd |
| hængt sig | hanged him/her self |
| høj | tall, high, hill |
| højre | right |
| højædle og velbaarne | noble and welborn |
| høker | small shop keeper, grocer |
| håndsarbejdere | manual workers |
| håndkværn, haand qvern | hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing |
| håndtering | occupation |
| håndværk | trade, handicraft |
I[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| i | in, at, to, into |
| ibidem ib, ibid (Latin) | in the same place |
| idem (Latin) | the same |
| ifølge | according to |
| igen | again |
| igennem | through |
| igaar | yesterday |
| ihjel, slaa ihjel | kill |
| ikke | not |
| ild | fire |
| imellem | between, among |
| imod | against |
| imorgen | tomorrow |
| inderste | tenant, renter |
| indestaar | vouch for the correctness of |
| indfandt | appeared |
| indhold | content |
| indlade | let in, admit |
| indsidder | tenant, renter |
| indskrive | record, enroll, enter |
| indvandrer | immigrant |
| indvandring | immigration |
| infans (Latin) | infant, child |
| indflytning | moving in |
| ingen | none |
| initiatus est (Latin) | he was baptized |
| intet | no, none, neither, nothing |
| introduceret | introduced in church after childbirth |
J[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| Jagtbøsser | hunting rifles - originally for nobles, but lower classes were allowed to hunt after 1840 |
| Januar | January |
| jeg (ieg) | I, self, ego |
| jomfru | maiden, miss., not a peasant woman, virgin |
| jord | land, soil |
| jordbrug | farming |
| jordmoder | midwife |
| jordet | buried |
| jordløs | without land |
| jordløshusmand | small farmer without land of his own. |
| Juli | July |
| Juni | June |
| jurist | lawyer |
| jæger | hunter |
| Jøde | Jew |
K[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| Kakkelovn | small stove for light dishes |
| kaldet | called, named, appointed |
| kammerjomfru | lady’s maid |
| kammerpige | lady’s maid |
| karetmager | coach builder |
| karl | youth, farmhand |
| kaste jord | bury, throw earth |
| kategori | category |
| katolsk | Catholic |
| kendskab | knowledge |
| kendt | known |
| Kgl. | abrev. for royal |
| kighoste | whooping cough |
| kirke | church |
| kirkebetjent | sexton |
| kirkebog | church book, parish register |
| kirkegaard | cemetery, churchyard |
| kirkeværge | church warden |
| kirkeaar | church year |
| kirkegang | church attendance |
| kiste | chest, coffin |
| kjøn (køn) | sex (gender) |
| kjønnet (kønnet) | the sex |
| kleinsmed | locksmith |
| klerk | clergyman, clerk |
| klinket fad | mended dish, sometimes mended with staples inserted in small drilled holes |
| klokker | bell ringer |
| klokkernes brug | use of church bells |
| ko | cow |
| koffardiskib | merchantman |
| kommis | shop assistant, clerk |
| kone, hustru | wife, a married woman |
| konen | the wife, |
| konfirmation | confirmation |
| konfirmerede | confirmed |
| konge | king |
| kongedømme | kingdom |
| kongelig | royal |
| kongsbonde | king’s yeoman |
| kontorist | clerk |
| kopper | smallpox |
| kort | map, short, card |
| krage til flæsk | bacon rack, for smoking meat in the chimney |
| krampetrækning | convulsion |
| krig | war |
| kristen | Christian (name) |
| Kristi, Kristus | Christ |
| kromand | innkeeper |
| kropsarbejder | manual worker |
| kræft | cancer |
| kræmmer | shopkeeper |
| krøbling | a cripple |
| kulgrosserer | coal merchant |
| kun | only |
| kunskab | knowledge |
| kusine | cousin (female) |
| kusk | coachman, teamster |
| kvinde, qvinde | woman |
| kvindefadder, qvindefadder | godmother |
| kvindekjøn (køn) | females, female gender |
| kvindemenneske | woman |
| kvinden | the woman |
| kvæg | cattle |
| kvæghyrde | herdsman |
| kvæle | choke, strangle |
| kyllinger | chickens (young) |
| kyst | coast |
| købe | to buy |
| køber | buyer |
| købman, købmand | merchant, storekeeper |
| købstad | market place, incorporated city |
| køn | sex (gender) |
L[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| lade, lod | permit, let, allow to |
| land boelsmand | tenant farmer |
| landet | rural area |
| landmand | farmer |
| landsarkiv | state or provincial archive |
| landsby | village |
| landsoldat | soldier |
| langbænk | bench, used at a dining table |
| lappeskomager | cobbler |
| laugværge | guardian |
| lavværge | widow’s spokesman (guardian) |
| leje | hire |
| lejer | tenant |
| lensherre | feudal overlord |
| leve, levede | live, lived |
| lever | is sustained |
| leverandør | supplier, contractor |
| liden | little, small |
| lidt af | suffered from (cause of death) |
| lig | corpse |
| ligeledes | also, as well, likewise |
| ligesaa | the same, likewise |
| ligprædiken | sermon at funeral |
| lille | small, little |
| liv | life |
| livløs | dead |
| lod | fate, lot, destiny |
| logerende | tenant |
| lokal | local |
| lov | law |
| lovlig | legal, lawful |
| lovlydelig | respect for the law |
| lovstridende | illegal |
| lud fattig | destitute |
| lungebetændelse | pneumonia |
| lysestøbekar | candle maker |
| lysning | banns (marriage) |
| lægd | military levying district |
| lægdsrulle | military levying roll |
| læge | doctor, deputy doctor |
| længe | long |
| lærer | teacher |
| lærling | student, apprentice |
| læse | read |
| løbenummer | serial number |
| Lørdag | Saturday |
M[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| m.v. = med videre | with more |
| maaned | month |
| madmoder | woman of the house, housewife |
| maitresse | mistress |
| Maj | May |
| maler | painter |
| malkepige | dairymaid |
| mand | man |
| Mandag | Monday |
| manden | the man |
| mandfadder | godfather |
| mandkjøn (køn) | males, male gender |
| mange | many |
| marine | naval, navy |
| marinesoldat | seaman in military |
| mark | field |
| Marts | March |
| matrikel | land registration |
| matros | sailor |
| mavesyge | stomach ailment, diarrhea |
| med | with |
| med afdøde | with deceased |
| med videre | with more |
| medhjelper | assistant |
| medhustru | concubine, secondary wife |
| mejerist | dairyman |
| mejerske | dairymaid |
| men | but |
| mere | more, additional |
| menighed | congregation |
| mester | master (trade) |
| middag | noon |
| midlertidig | temporarily |
| midnat | midnight |
| mig | me |
| mil | metric mile (10 kilometers) |
| militær | military |
| min, mit | mine, my, mine |
| minde | consent, permission, remind, rememberance |
| mindste | smallest, youngest |
| minearbejder | miner |
| minut | minute |
| modtage | receive |
| moder, mor | mother |
| moderen | the mother |
| morbroder | uncle, mother’s brother |
| mord | murder |
| morfader, morfar | mother\'s father |
| morgen | morning |
| mormoder, mormor | mother\'s mother |
| mortis (Latin) | of death |
| mose | moor, bog |
| moster | aunt, mother’s sister |
| murer | mason |
| musiker | musician |
| myndig | of age (legal) |
| mælkekusk | milkman |
| mænd | men |
| mæslinger | measles |
| mø | maiden, virgin |
| møbelhandler | furniture dealer |
| mødom | virginity |
| mødte | met |
| mølle | mill |
| møllebygger | millwright |
| møller | miller |
| maaned | month |
| maaske | perhaps, maybe |
N[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| nabo | neighbor |
| nat | night |
| nati, nativitas (Latin) | birth |
| natus (Latin) | born |
| natvægter | night watchman |
| navn | name |
| navneklud | embroidery |
| navnet | named, the name |
| navnlig | especially |
| nedbrændte | burned down |
| nedslagte | butcher |
| nej | no |
| nemlig | namely |
| nevø | nephew |
| ni | 9 |
| ni og tyvende | 29th |
| niece | niece |
| niende | 9th |
| nitten | 19 |
| nittende | 19th |
| nogen, nogle | some, any |
| nomine (Latin) | by/with the name (of) |
| nord | north |
| Norge | Norway |
| Norsk | Norwegian |
| November | November |
| nu | now |
| nulevende | living |
| nummer | number |
| nutid | present |
| ny | new |
| nyfder almisse, nyder almisse | receives alms, welfare |
| nyfder ophold, nyder ophold | living at the place |
| nylig | lately |
| nytaar | new year |
| nær | near, close |
| næringsdrivende | tradesman |
| næringsvej | livelihood, trade |
| næste | next, neighbor |
| nævning | juror |
| naar | when, if, reach |
O[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| o.s.v. | etc. |
| oberst | colonel |
| offentlig | public |
| ofte | often |
| og | and |
| ogsaa | also |
| Oktober | October |
| oldefader | great-grandfather |
| oldemoder | great-grandmother |
| om | if, about |
| omboende | neighboring |
| omdannet ostekar | re-used cheese vat |
| omegn | neighborhood, neighboring place |
| omflakkende | vagabond |
| omkomme | be killed |
| omkring | about, approximately |
| omstrejfer | vagabond, tramp, vagrant |
| omtrent | about, almost |
| onkel | uncle |
| Onsdag | Wednesday |
| op | up |
| opfostringshus | orphanage |
| opholde sig | reside(s), stay |
| opholder | live |
| opholdsted | place of residence |
| opløsning | dissolution of marriage or partnership |
| oppe | above, upstairs |
| optegnelse | record |
| opvaskepige | scullery maid |
| ordentlig | correct |
| os | us |
| otte | 8 |
| otte og tyvende | 28th |
| ottende | 8th |
| ovenmeldte, ovennævnte | above mentioned |
| overgartner | head gardener |
| overrække | present, give |
P[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| paa | on, upon |
| parcellist | holder of a small plot of land |
| pagina (Latin) | page |
| parcel | plot of land |
| pastorat | parish |
| penge | money |
| pension | pension |
| person, personer | person, persons |
| personerne | the persons, the people |
| pige | girl, maid, servant |
| pigebarn | girl, young girl |
| pigen | the girl |
| plejebarn | foster child |
| plejebørn | foster children |
| plejedatter | foster daughter |
| plejefader | foster father |
| plejeforældre | foster parents |
| plejemoder | foster mother |
| plejesøn | foster son |
| plovmand | ploughman, 500 kroner note |
| portner | doorkeeper, porter |
| portvagt | gatekeeper |
| positivspiller | organ grinder |
| post, p. (Latin) | after |
| postbud | postman |
| pottemager | potter |
| prammand | bargeman |
| prins | prince |
| prinsesse | princess |
| proclamation | proclamation |
| protokollere | enter, record, register |
| provst | rural dean |
| provsti | deanery |
| provstinde | deans wife |
| prygl | flogging |
| prædike | preach |
| præst, præsten | priest, the priest, clergyman, minister |
| publicere | publish |
| pude, puude, puder | pillow(s) |
| pyramide, pyramidehylde | pyramid-shaped shelf, used for displaying a household's finest items until abt 1920s-1930s |
| paa | on, at |
| paa stedet | at this place |
| paadømmelse | judgement |
Q[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| qvinde, quinden | woman. the woman |
| qvindekiøn | females, female gender |
| qvindemenneske | woman |
R[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| rebslager | rope maker |
| rector | headmaster |
| reder | shipowner |
| rederi | shipping company, nest |
| register | index |
| registering og vurdering | inventory and appraisal |
| regnskab | account |
| rejse | travel |
| rekvirent | claimant |
| religion | religion |
| renatus (Latin) | baptized |
| resultat | result |
| ret | court |
| retslig | legal |
| ridder | knight |
| ringere | mindre, smaller than |
| ritmester | captain (milit., of horse) |
| rodemester | tax collector |
| roekniv | beet knife |
| rytter | cavalryman |
| rød | red |
| røgter | herdsman |
| rømt | deserted |
| røver | robber, highwayman |
| raadmand | councilman, alderman |
S[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| Sabbat | Sabbath |
| sadelmager | saddler |
| sagfører, advokat | lawyer, attorney |
| salig | deceased, blessed |
| samfund | society |
| samme | same, equal |
| sammen | together |
| sammenavlede | begotten |
| sammenviede | married together |
| samme sted | same place |
| samtlige | all |
| samtykke | consent |
| seddel | slip of paper, note about |
| seks | 6 |
| seks og tyve | 26 |
| seks og tyvende | 26th |
| seksten | 16 |
| sekstende | 16th |
| selv | self |
| selvejer | owner, freeholder |
| selvmord | suicide |
| selvtilhørig, selftilhørig | self-owned |
| senere | later |
| seng | bed |
| sengeliggende | bedridden |
| separeret | separated |
| September | September |
| session | session |
| side | page |
| siden | since, long ago |
| sidste | last |
| sig | himself, herself, oneself, itself |
| sin, sit, sine | his, hers, ones, its |
| sindssyg | mentally ill |
| sjette | 6th |
| skarlagensfeber | scarlet fever |
| skat | tax |
| skatteopkræver | tax collector |
| skedte | happened |
| skibsbygger | ship builder |
| skibsfører | ship master |
| skibskaptajn | ship master, captain |
| skifte | probate |
| skifteprotokoll | probate record |
| skiftesamling | meeting of heirs |
| skilsmisse | divorce |
| skilt | divorced |
| skoflikker | cobbler |
| skole | school |
| skoleholder | school master, teacher |
| skolelærer | school master, teacher |
| skomager | shoemaker |
| skorstensfejer | chimney sweep |
| skovarbejder | woodman, lumberjack |
| skovfoged | forester, forest ranger |
| skovridere | head forester, forest ranger |
| skriver | scribe |
| skrædder | tailor |
| skøde | deed (property) |
| slag | stroke, blow |
| slagfredsdatter | illegitimate daughter |
| slagfredssøn | illegitimate son |
| slagter | butcher |
| slavehandler | slave dealer |
| slettet | removed (released) |
| sliibe steen, slibesten | grindstones |
| slot | castle |
| slusemester | lock keeper |
| slusepasser | locksman |
| slutte | finish |
| slutter | jailer |
| slægt | family, lineage, relatives |
| slægtninge | relatives |
| slægtsbog | family book |
| slægtsforskning | genealogy |
| slægtsnavn | family name |
| slå ihjel | kill |
| smed | smith |
| snart | soon |
| snedker | cabinetmaker |
| cutting bench, work bench | |
| sogn, sogne | parish |
| sognebarn | parishioner |
| sognefoged | constable, sheriff |
| sognet | the parish |
| sognepræst | parish priest, clergyman, minister |
| sognepræsten | the parish priest |
| soldat | soldier |
| soldaten | the soldier |
| som | who, whom, which, that, |
| som formynder for børnene | as guardian for the children |
| som mødte | who was present |
| som værge for de umyndige børn | as guardian for the minor children |
| sort | black |
| spillemand | musician, fiddler |
| spædbarn | infant, baby |
| stambøger | muster rolls |
| stampekærne | butter/cream churn |
| stamtavle | descendancy chart |
| stand | social position |
| sted | place (location) |
| stedbarn | stepchild |
| stedbørn | stepchildren |
| steddatter, stedsøn, stedmoder, stedfader | stepdaughter, stepson, stepmother, stedfather |
| stednavn | local place name |
| stedsøn | stepson |
| stenhugger | stonecutter |
| stifbarn | stepchild |
| stift | diocese |
| stilling | status, position, occupation |
| stor | big, great |
| strygejern | iron, typically used on smaller items; early irons were made of brass, 18th/19th century irons were made of cast iron |
| studehandler | horsetrader |
| stuehus | farmhouse |
| stuepige | housemaid |
| stum | dumb (can’t speak) |
| sulekammer | larder |
| summa (Latin) | totals |
| svag | weak |
| svaghed | weakness |
| svend | journeyman |
| svensk | swedish |
| Sverige | Sweden |
| svigerdatter | daughter-in-law |
| svigerfader | father-in-law |
| svigerfader | father-in-law |
| svigerinde, svogerske | sister-in-law, (see svogerske) |
| svigermoder | mother-in-law |
| svigersøn | son-in-law |
| svoger | brother-in-law |
| svogerske | sister-in-law, (see svigerinde) |
| svulst | tumor |
| syd | south |
| syersker | seamstress |
| syg | sick |
| sygdom | disease |
| sypige | seamstress |
| sytten | 17 |
| syttende | 17th |
| syv | 7 |
| syv og tyvende | 27th |
| syvende | 7th |
| sø | sea, lake |
| søfolk | seamen, sailors |
| søge | search |
| søkaptajn | sea captain |
| sølv | silver |
| sømand | sailor |
| søn | son |
| Søndag | Sunday |
| sønder | southern |
| sønnedatter | son’s daughter |
| sønnekone | son’s wife |
| sønnen | the son |
| sønnerne | the sons |
| sønnesøn | son’s son |
| søskende | siblings |
| søster | sister |
| saa | saw (see), if so, so, sow (seed) |
| saadan | such |
| saaledes | thus |
T[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| tal | number, count |
| tandlæge | dentist |
| tante | aunt |
| tater | gipsy |
| teglbrænder | brick burner |
| teglmager | brickmaker |
| teglværk | brickyard |
| tehandler | tea dealer |
| tengsel | small ax for hollowing out wood |
| testamente | last will |
| testes (Latin) | witnesses |
| ti | 10 |
| tid | time |
| tidlig, tidligt | early |
| tidsskrift | periodical |
| tiende | 10th |
| tjenestefolk | servants, employees |
| tigger, betler | beggar |
| til | to, until, for, of, into |
| til hindring | hindrance, prevent,obstruction |
| til lysning | publication of the banns |
| tilforn | earlier, before |
| tilgang | arrivals |
| tilgangsliste | moving-in records |
| tilladelse | permission |
| tilligemed | together with |
| tillægsliste | supplement list |
| tillægsrullen | the supplement roll |
| tilstede | present |
| tilvidere | following |
| time | hour |
| ting | court |
| tingsret | the law of property |
| Tirsdag | Tuesday |
| titel | title |
| tjene, tiene | serve, work |
| tjenende | serving, serves (followed by employers name) |
| tjener, tiener | serve, work |
| tjeneste | service |
| tjenestedreng | servant (male) |
| tjenestefolk | servants, employees |
| tjenestekarl | farm hand (male) |
| tjenestepige | maid, servant (female) |
| to | 2 |
| to og tyve | 22 |
| to og tyvende | 22nd |
| tobaksarbejder | tobacco worker |
| tolv | 12 |
| tolvte | 12th |
| Torsdag | Thursday |
| tre | 3 |
| tre og tyve | 23 |
| tre og tyvende | 23rd |
| tredivte | 30th |
| tredje | 3rd |
| treenigheden | the Trinity |
| tres | 60 |
| tresindstyvende | 60th |
| tretten | 13 |
| trettende | 13th |
| trolove | betrothal |
| trolovet | engaged to be married |
| trossamfund | religion |
| træskærer | wood carver |
| tuberkulose | consumption, tuberculosis |
| tugthus | prison |
| tusind | 1000 |
| tusinde | 1000th |
| tvilling | twin |
| tyende | servant |
| tyfus | typhoid fever |
| tyr | bull |
| Tysk | German |
| Tyskland | Germany |
| tyve | 20 |
| tyvende | 20th |
| tæring | tuberculosis |
| tømmermand | carpenter |
| tømrer | carpenter |
U[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| ud | out |
| uddrag | extract |
| uden | without |
| uden jord | without land |
| udenfor | outside of |
| udflytning | moving out |
| udføre | carry out, perform |
| udi | from (or) in |
| udlagt | said to be, claimed |
| udlandet | foreign country (ies) |
| udmærke/udmærket | to excel/excellent |
| udslettet | removed |
| udvandre | emigrate |
| udvandring | emigration |
| udøbt | not baptized |
| uge | week |
| uger | weeks |
| ugift, ugivt | single, unmarried |
| ukendt | unknown |
| umyndige | minor (not of age) |
| under | under, below |
| underskrevne | signer |
| underskrift | signature |
| undertegnet | the undersigned |
| undtagen | except |
| ung | young |
| ungfolk | young people |
| ungkarl = ungk. | bachelor |
| urmager | clock or watch maker |
| urtekræmmer | grocer |
| uægte | illigitimate |
V, W[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| vaccineret | vaccinated |
| vagabond | vagabond |
| vanfør | crippled, disabled |
| var, blive, være, er | was, be, to be, is |
| varmemester | boilerman |
| vaskekone | washerwoman, laundress |
| vattersot | dropsy |
| ved | at, by, on |
| ved døden er afgået | who died |
| vedkommende | person concerned |
| vegne | in behalf of |
| vej | road |
| vejmand | roadmender |
| velborn | noble, wellborn |
| venstre | left |
| vest | west |
| vidner | witnesses |
| viet, vielse | wedding ceremony |
| vindmølle | windmill |
| vinhandler | wine merchant |
| værd | worth |
| vogn | carriage, wagon |
| vognmand | teamster |
| vor | our |
| Vor Herre | the Lord |
| vurderingsmænd | appraisers |
| vægter | night watchman |
| værdig | worthy |
| være | be |
| været | been |
| værge | guardian |
| værthusholder | innkeeper |
| væver | weaver |
X,Y,Z[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| yndling | favorite child, pet |
| yngre | younger |
| yngste | youngest |
Æ[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| ædel | noble |
| ægte, egte | legitimate, born in wedlock |
| ægtefolk | married couple |
| ægtefælle | spouse |
| ægteskab | marriage |
| ægteskabelig | marital, conjugal |
| ægteviede | legally married |
| ældst | oldest |
| ældre | older than, advanced in life |
| ældste (religion) | elder (religious title) |
| ærlig | honest |
Ø[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| øde | desolate, waste |
| ødemark | wasteland, wilderness |
| øje | eye |
| ølanker | beer barrel |
| ønske | wish, desire, want |
| øst | east |
| øvre | upper |
Å[edit | edit source]
| Danish | English |
|---|---|
| å | see aa |