Dawes Commission Enrollment Records

Use the Dawes Commission enrollment records if your ancestor was:[edit | edit source]

A member of either the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, or Seminole Indian tribe in the southeastern United States. (living in Ok/IT)
Alive during the enrollment period between 1896 and 1905. If your ancestor died prior to 1893, you could search for surviving children or grandchildren in the Dawes Commission records.

Origin of the Records. In 1893 Congress established a commission to exchange Indian tribal lands in the southeastern United States for new land allotments to individuals in Oklahoma. The Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes was also called the Dawes Commission after its chairman, Senator Dawes. More than 250,000 people applied to this commission for enrollment and land. Just over 100,000 were approved.

Content of the Records.

Enrollment cards (also called census cards) include residence, roll numbers, names of family members, relationships, ages, sex, degree of Indian blood, enrollment date, place and number, parents and their enrollment date or place, spouses, divorces, children or grandchildren.

Applications for enrollment include affidavits, vital records, letters, questionnaires, and decisions mentioning relatives, dates, and places.

Letter logs include name, address, date of letter, file number, date received, subject, and action taken. Letters are with the applications.

1. Use the Index to Find an Ancestor’s Roll Number[edit | edit source]

Ancestor’s name: ________________________________

Find the index in book, microfilm, or microfiche format:

United States. Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes. Index to the Final Rolls of the Citizens and Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes in Indian Territory. 1907. Reprint, Baltimore, Md.:Genealogical Publishing, 2007. (FHL book 970.1 Un3c index; film 962366; fiche 6051501 [set of 8].) This book is in the reference area. The film and fiche are in cabinets on the 2nd floor. The fiche is clearer. Images of this book are also on the Internet at www.accessgenealogy.com/native/finalrolls/

Online:____________________________

Search for an ancestor’s name in the index. The index is arranged in tribal groups. You may need to search for the name in roughly alphabetical order by each tribe and all tribal groups listed (By Blood, Newborn, Minor, By Marriage,Freedmen and .....) in the table of contents:

Index Tribal Group Page Index Tribal Group Page

Choctaws

By Blood 1
New Born Choctaws by Blood 91
Minor Choctaws by Blood 101
Choctaws by Marriage 107
Choctaw Freedmen 117
Minor Choctaw Freedmen 151
Mississippi Choctaws 155
New Born Miss. Choctaws 164
Minor Mississippi Choctaws 165

Chickasaws

By Blood 167
New Born Chickasaws by Blood 197
Minor Chickasaws by Blood 201
Chickasaws by Marriage 204
Chickasaw Freedmen 209

Cherokees

By Blood 238
Minor Cherokees by Blood 428
Delaware Cherokees 460
Cherokees by Marriage 462
Cherokee Freedmen 464
Minor Cherokee Freedmen 492

Creeks

By Blood 497
New Born Creeks by Blood 559
Minor Creeks by Blood 568
Creek Freedmen 572
New Born Creek Freedmen 607
Minor Creek Freedmen 613

Seminoles

By Blood and Freedmen 616
New Born Seminoles by Blood 633
New Born Seminole Freedmen 635

Defenitions [edit | edit source]

By Blood were people who were born members of the tribe.
New Borns were children born after 1902.
Minors were children who were added to the rolls in 1906.
By Marriage were non-citizens or whites who married into the tribe.
Freedmen, Freedmen Minors, and Freedmen New Borns were former slaves of tribal members, or descendants of former slaves.

Copy the tribal group & roll number from Index to Final Rolls.[edit | edit source]

When you find your ancestor’s name, copy (1) the name of his or her tribal group, and (2) the roll number in the right column of the index.

Tribal group: ____________________________________

Roll number: ____________________________________

Can’t Find a Name in the Dawes Commission Index?[edit | edit source]

Before concluding your ancestor’s name is not in the index,consider:

The name may be spelled differently, for example, Anne instead of Ann, or Thos. instead of Thomas. Search for variant spellings.
Look for your ancestor by his or her English name, Indian name, middle name, nickname, initials, married name, or maiden name.
Maybe he or she was listed under a different tribe or category than you expected. Look in each of the 29 sections of the index.
Look for your ancestor’s relatives. Relatives may refer to your family.
If your ancestor was a Cherokee by Blood you could also search:

Blankenship, Bob. Dawes Roll “Plus” of Cherokee Nation 1898. [Np]: Cherokee Roots Pub., [19--]. (FHL Q book 970.1 B611d.) Lists name, census card no., Miller roll application no., age,and sex.

Rejected Applications. Your ancestor’s application may have been rejected. The Commission eventually rejected 60% of the applications. Only a few rejected applications are in the indexes you just searched.

Most applications (except Choctaw) are indexed on the Internet at www.archives.gov/research_room/arc/ . Press the yellow search button to go to the Basic search. Enter the term Enrollment and an ancestor’s name in theKeywords box, for example, Enrollment and Annie Abbott. Press Search. If the "hit(s) retrieved" is one or more, print the hit(s) you want and use the underlined Census Card Number to find the application for enrollment in Step 4 below. Some card numbers have letters in front such as D=doubtful, F=Freedman, IW=intermarried white, M=minor, NB=newborn, or R=rejected.

If your ancestor does not seem to be on the Internet, you could write for help from: National Archives, PO Box 6216, Fort Worth, TX 76115.

2. Use the Rolls to Find & Copy the Census Card Number[edit | edit source]

Find the final rolls in book or microfilm format.

United States. Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes. Final Rolls of Citizens and Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes in Indian Territory. 1907. Reprint, Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Publishing, 2007. (FHL book 970.1 Un3c; film 908371 item 2.) This book is in the reference area. The film is in the 2nd floor cabinets.

Search the final rolls and copy the census card number.

Look for the tribal group and roll number you copied during Step 1. When you find the roll number and your ancestor’s name, write the

Census card number: _______________________________

3. Find the Census Card on Film and Copy It

Find the microfilm number of the census card.

Find the following entry in the Family History Library Catalog:

United States. Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes. Enrollment Cards for the Five Civilized Tribes, 1898–1914. National Archives Microfilm Publications, M1186. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1981. (FHL film 1490262–353.)

Look up the tribal group and census card number to find which of the 93 films has the census card (also known as the enrollment card). Write the film number of the census card below and on the research log.

Film number: ___________________________________

Retrieve the film, search for the census card in numerical order, and photocopy the card.

Can’t Find a Card on the Film?

There are three groups of cards: “Straight” for applications approved for enrollment; “R” for rejected applications; and “D” for doubtful applications. Your ancestor’s card may have a “D” or an “R” number. The catalog lists the “D” and “R” numbers after the “straight” numbers.

4. Find the Application for Enrollment on Film and Copy It

Find the film number of the application for enrollment.

Look again at the catalog to find the following entry:

United States. Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes. Applications for Enrollment of the Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes, 1898–1914. National Archives Microfilm Publications, M1301. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1981. (On 468 FHL films starting with 1439798.)

Scroll through until you find the film number of the application papers for your ancestor’s tribal group and census card number. Write the film number of the application papers below and on your research log.

Film number: ___________________________________

Retrieve the film, find, and copy the application papers.

5. Look for Your Ancestor’s Name in the Letter Logs

Look for and copy your ancestor’s name in letter logs.

There are 21 letter logs which are in order alphabetically by the first two letters of the surname. Look for spill-over names at the end of each letter of the alphabet. Your ancestor’s name probably appears in only a few of them, but take a few minutes to search each log anyway. Logs list name, address, date of letter, file no., date received, subject, and action taken:

United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. Index to Letters Received by Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes, 1897–1913. National Archives Microfilm Publications, M1314. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1983. (FHL film 1694814–36.)

For other Indian records look in the Family History Library Catalog Place Search under [STATE]—NATIVE RACES. Also look in the Subject Search under the name of the tribe.

FSWIKI