Latin Genealogical Word List

This list contains Latin words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Latin-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)

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Many resources exist that will help you read Latin genealogical records. One of these is the Reading Handwritten Records Series of free online classes available at familysearch.org. This series includes one interactive lesson about Latin words and phrases, which includes a printable handout of key words and phrases.

Another resource is the National Archives of England, they have 12 online lessons covering latin records from 1086 to 1733, each lesson provides step by step instructions and is listed under the title of "Beginners' Latin Tutorial".

The Internet can be of great assistance in trying to translate Latin.  There are some dictionaries and word lists as well as some sites that will translate for you.  One good website is William Whitaker's Words for translating words.  Www.sunsite.ubc.ca/LatinDictionary/HyperText/latin-dict-full.html and http://archives.nd.edu/latgramm.htm are Latin dictionaries.  It is important to remember with using any of these websites that you have to be careful about accepting the meaning.  Be sure that the meaning makes sense with what you are trying to translate.

Latin is the mother language for many modern European languages. Many words in English, Spanish, French, and other languages resemble Latin words and have the same or similar meanings.

Latin was used in the records of most European countries and in the Roman Catholic records of the United States and Canada. Because Latin was used in so many countries, local usage varied. Certain terms were commonly used in some countries but not in others. In addition, the Latin used in British records has more abbreviations than the Latin used in European records.

Language Characteristics

Variant Forms of Words

In Latin, the endings of most words vary according to how the words are used in a sentence. Who—whose— whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives the most commonly seen form of each Latin word. As you read Latin records, be aware that almost all words vary with usage.

Gender

Latin words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. For example, rex (king) is a masculine word, aetas (age) is a feminine word, and oppidum (town) is a neuter word.

Words that describe persons, places, or things (adjectives) will have either masculine, feminine, or neuter endings. For example, in Latin you would write magnus rex (great king), magna aetas (great age), and magnum oppidum (large town).

This word list gives only the masculine form of adjectives. For example:

• noster, nostra, nostrum (our) is listed as noster
• magnus, magna, magnum (great, large) is listed as magnus
• nobilis, nobile (noble, known) is listed as nobilis

Some words can be either masculine or feminine, such as patrinus (godfather) and patrina (godmother). This word list usually gives only the male form even though a female form may occur in Latin records. Thus, given the word famulus (servant), you can conclude that famula is a female servant. Similarly, this word list gives only natus est ("he was born"). You can conclude that nata est means "she was born." The plural form nati sunt means "they were born."

Plurals

Plural forms of Latin words usually end in -i, -ae, or -es. Thus patrinus (godfather) becomes patrini (godparents), filia (daughter) becomes filiae (daughters), and pater (father) becomes patres (fathers). However, these same endings may also indicate other grammatical changes besides plurality.

Grammar

The endings of Latin words can also vary depending on the grammatical use of the words. Latin grammar requires a specific type of ending for a word used as the subject of the sentence, used in the possessive, used as the object of a verb, or used with a preposition. Latin words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings.

If you do not find a Latin word in this list with the same ending as the word in your Latin document, find a similar ending in the examples below to see how the word in your document is used:

filius	son
(pater) filii	(father) of the son
(baptizavi) filium	(I baptized the) son
(ex) filio	(from) the son
vidua	widow
(filius) viduae	(son) of the widow
(sepelivi) viduam	(I buried the) widow
(ex) vidua	(from) the widow
pater	father
(filius) patris	(son) of the father
(sepelivi) patrem	(I buried the) father
(ex) patre	(from) the father

Other noun endings change as follows to show possession:

• -as may change to -atis
• -ns may change to -ntis
• -or may change to -oris
• -tio may change to -tionis

Example: sartor (tailor) changes to sartoris (of the tailor)

Words that show action (verbs) also vary depending on who is doing the action and whether the action is past, present, or future. For example, the Latin word baptizare (to baptize) will appear with various endings:

Present	Past
baptize	have baptized, baptized
(I) baptizo	baptizavi, baptizabam
(he) baptizat	baptizavit, baptizabat
(they) baptizant	baptizaverunt, baptizabant
is baptized	was baptized
(he) baptizatur	baptizatus est

Spelling

Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common in Latin documents:

• i and j used interchangeably
• u and v used interchangeably
• e used for ae (æ)
• e used for oe (œ)
• c used for qu

Examples:

• ejusdem or eiusdem
• civis or ciuis
• preceptor or praeceptor
• celebs or coelebs
• quondam or condam

Additional Resources

This word list includes only the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Latin-English dictionary. Latin-English dictionaries are available on each floor of the Family History Library. The call numbers begin with 473.21.

The following Latin-English dictionary is available on microfilm for use in Family History Centers:

• Ainsworth, Robert. Ainsworth's Latin Dictionary, Revised Edition. London, England: F. Westly and A.H. Davis, 1836. (FHL book British Ref 473Ai65a 1836; film 599,788.)

Additional dictionaries are listed under LATIN LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES in the Subject Search of the Family History Library Catalog. Most bookstores carry useful, inexpensive Latin-English dictionaries.

The following sources can also be helpful for reading Latin records:

• Baxter, J. H. and Charles Johnson. Medieval Latin Word-List From British and Irish Sources. London, England: Oxford University Press, n.d. (FHL book 942 A8bm.)

• Grun, Paul A. Schlüssel zur alten und neuen Abkürzungen : Wörterbuch lateinischer und deutscher Abkürzungen des späten Mittlealters und der Neuzeit. Limburg/Lahn, Germany: Starke Verlag, 1966. (FHL book 943 B4gg vol. 6.) Key to ancient and modern abbreviations: Dictionary of Latin and German abbreviations of the late middle age and modern times.

• Jensen, C. Russell. Parish Register Latin: An Introduction. Salt Lake City, Utah, USA: Vita Nova Books, 1988. (FHL book 475 J453p.) A guide to understanding Latin as it appears in continental European church records.

• Martin, Charles Trice. The Record Interpreter: A Collection of Abbreviations, Latin Words and Names Used in English Historical Manuscripts and Records, 2nd ed. London: Stevens, 1910. (FHL book 422.471 M363re 1910; 1892 edition on FHL film 547,182, item 3.)

• McLaughlin, Eve. Simple Latin for Family Historians, 2nd ed. Birmingham, England: Federation of Family History Societies, 1987. (FHL book 471.1 M273.) This booklet lists Latin words frequently used in English parish registers.

• Temple, Robin Edgel. "Latin for Genealogical Research : A Primer for Record Latin." Thesis (M.A.). Brigham Young University, 1977. (FHL call number 929.1 T247L; edition on FHL fiche 6,070,611.)

Key Words

To find and use specific types of Latin records, you will need to know some key words in Latin. This section lists key genealogical terms in English and gives the Latin words that have the same or similar meanings.

For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Latin words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Latin records to indicate marriage.

English	Latin
birth	nati, natus, genitus, natales, ortus, oriundus
burial	sepulti, sepultus, humatus, humatio
christening	baptismi, baptizatus, renatus, plutus, lautus, purgatus, ablutus, lustratio
child	infans, filius/filia, puer, proles
death	mortuus, defunctus, obitus, denatus, decessus, peritus, mors, mortis, obiit, decessit
father	pater
godparent	patrini, levantes, susceptores, compater, commater, matrina
husband	maritus, sponsus, conjux, vir
marriage	matrimonium, copulatio, copulati, conjuncti, intronizati, nupti, sponsati, ligati, mariti
marriage	banns banni, proclamationes, denuntiationes
mother	mater
name	given name nomen
name	surname cognomen
parents	parentes, genitores
wife	uxor, marita, conjux, sponsa, mulier, femina, consors

Genealogical Abbreviations

Abbreviation	Latin	English
+	Defuncti	died
&c	et cætera	and also
aas	anno aetatis suae	died in the year of his age, i.e., a.a.s. 24
ar	anno regni	year of reign
at	ætatis	age
atq.	atque (variant of "ac")	and, and also
c	circa	about, approximately
c	comitis	count
Ch	Confirmati	confirmed
dsp	decessit sine prole	died without issue (children)
dspl	decessit sine prole legitima	died without legitimate issue (children)
dspm	decessit sine prole mascula	died without male issue (sons)
dspml	decessit sine prole mascula legitima	died without legitimate male issue (sons)
dspms	decessit sine prole mascula superstite	died without surviving male issue (living sons)
dsps	decessit sine prole superstite	died without surviving issue (living children)
dspv	decessit sine prole virilli	died without male issue (sons)
dvm	decessit vita matris	died in the lifetime of the mother
dvp	decessit vita patris	died in the lifetime of the father
J	Matrimonis Juncti	joined in marriage
msp	mortuus sine prole	died without offspring (children)
na	natus or nata	born
ob	obiit	died, followed by the date
osp or ob.s.p.	obiit (or obit) sine prole	died without issue (children)
P	Prima vice Communicates	first communion
q.	quondam	deceased, the late
slp	sine legitima prole	died without legitimate issue (children)
smp	sine mascula prole	died without male issue (sons)
sp	sine prole	without issue (children)
spl	sine prole legitima	died without legitimate issue (children)
spm	sine prole mascula	died without male issue (sons)
sps	sine prole superstite	without surviving issue (children)
sp/ss	susceptores	sponsors (godparents)

Numbers

In some genealogical records, numbers—especially dates—are written out. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. Ordinal numbers are adjectives and may sometimes appear with the feminine ending (-a) or the neuter ending (-um). In written dates the ordinal numbers usually end with the grammatical ending (-o). Example:

quartus = the fourth
quarto = on the fourth

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 101 150 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Cardinal unus duo, duae tres, tres, tria quattuor quinque sex septem octo novem decem undecim duodecim tredecim quattuordecim quindecim sedecim septemdecim odeviginti undeviginti viginti viginti unus viginti duo viginti tres viginti quattuor viginti quinque viginti sex viginti septem viginti octo viginti novem triginta quadraginta quinquaginta sexaginta septuaginta octoginta nonaginta centum centum unus centum quinquaginta ducenti trecenti quadringenti quingenti sescenti septigenti octingenti nongenti mille

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20st 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 101th 150th 200th 300th 400th 500th 600th 700th 800th 900th 1000th

Ordinal primus secundus tertius quartus quintus sextus septimus octavus nonus decimus undecimus duodecimus tertius decimus quartus decimus quintus decimus sextus decimus septimus decimus duodevicesimus undevicesimus vicesimus or vigesimus vicesimus primus vicesimus secundus vicesimus tertius vicesimus quartus vicesimus quintus vicesimus sextus vicesimus septimus vicesimus octavus vicesimus nonus tricesimus quadragesimus quinquagesimus sexagesimus septuagesimus octogesimus nonagesimus centesimus centesimus primus centesimus quinquagesimus ducentesimus trecentesimus quadringentesimus quingentesimus sescentesimus septingentesimus octingentesimus nongentesimus millesimus

Roman Numerals

Roman numerals are written as combinations of the seven letters listed below. The letters can be written in capital (XVI) or lower-case (xvi) letters.

I = 1

V = 5

X = 10

L = 50

C = 100

D = 500

M = 1000

D is sometimes represented by the symbol .

M is sometimes represented by the symbol  .

If smaller value numbers follow larger value numbers, add the values together. If a smaller value number precedes a larger value number, subtract the smaller from the larger. For example:

VII IX XL MDCCII MCMLXIV

= (5+2) = 7 = (10-1) = 9 = (50-10) = 40 = 1000+500+200+2 = 1702 = 1000+(1000-100)+50+10+(5-1) = 1964

Common Roman Numerals

1 = I 2 = II 3 = III 4 = IV 5 = V 6 = VI 7 = VII 8 = VIII 9 = IX 10 = X 11 = XI 12 = XII 13 = XIII

14 = XIV 15 = XV 16 = XVI 17 = XVII 18 = XVIII 19 = XIX 20 = XX 21 = XXI 22 = XXII 23 = XXIII 24 = XXIV 25 = XXV 26 = XXVI

27 = XXVII 28 = XXVIII 29 = XXIX 30 = XXX 31 = XXXI 40 = XL 50 = L 60 = LX 70 = LXX 80 = LXXX 90 = XC 100 = C 101 = CI

150 = CL 200 = CC 300 = CCC 400 = CD 500 = D 600 = DC 700 = DCC 800 = DCCC 900 = CM 1000 = M 1600 = MDC 1700 = MDCC 1800 = MDCCC 1900 = MCM

Dates and Times

In Latin records, dates are often written out. Numbers generally end with -o when used in a date. For example:

Anno Domini millesimo sescentesimo nonagesimo quarto et die decimo septimo mensis Maii [In the year of (our) Lord one thousand six hundred ninety-four, and on the seventeenth day of the month of May]

To understand Latin dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding "Numbers" section.

Months

English January February March April May June July August September October November December

Latin Januarius Februarius Martius Aprilis Maius Junius Julius Augustus September, 7ber, VIIber October, 8ber, VIIIber November, 9ber, IXber December, 10ber, Xber

Days of the Week

English Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Latin dominica, dies dominuca, dominicus, dies Solis, feria prima feria secunda, dies Lunae feria tertia, dies Martis feria quarta, dies Mercurii feria quinta, dies Jovis feria sexta, dies Veneris feria septima, sabbatum, dies sabbatinus, dies Saturni

Phrases Indicating Time

Latin anno domini anno incarnationis annus bissextus ante meridiem altera die biduum cras die sequenti die vero ejusdem die eodem anno eodem die eodem mense eo tempore hodie longo tempore mane meridie nocte nudius tertius nunc dies tertius nunc temporis perendie pomerid post meridiem postridie pridie pro tempore triduum tunc temporis vespere

English in the year of the Lord in the year (since/of) the incarnation of the Lord leap year before noon (a.m.) on the next day space of two days, two-day period tomorrow on the following day this very day of the same day in the same year on the same day in the same month at this time today for a long time in the morning noon at night three days earlier three days earlier of the present time day after tomorrow after noon (p.m.) after noon (p.m.) on the day after, a day later the day before for (at) the time space of three days, three-day period of former time in the evening

General Words

This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list.

In this list, some grammatical variations of Latin words are given in parentheses. Some Latin phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Latin word, not the first word, of the phrase. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.

Click the letter below to get to the words starting with that letter.

A

a (ab) abavia abavus abdormitus abdormivit ab hoc mense abiit abinde abitus est abjectarius abjuro ablutus est abs abscessus absque abstersus abuo ac acatholicus accipio accola acicularius acquiescat acquietus est acra actum ad adhuc adjutor adjuvenis adolescens adulterium advenit advocatus aeger aegyptus aequalis aetas (aetatis) aetate affinitas affirmavit agentis agnatus agonia agricola ahenarius albus alemannus alias alibi aliud (alius) allemania altare alter alutarius ambo amita amitinus ancilla ancillus anglia anima [animam reddidit domino suo] anno anno domini anno incarnationis annus andedictus ante antiquus apoplexia aprilis apud aqua archidiaconus archiepiscopus archivum arcularius arma armentarius armiger armorum at atque augusti aurifaber auriga aut autem auxentium ava avi avia aviaticus avunculus avus

from, by great-great-grandmother great-great-grandfather, ancestor died he/she died from this month on he/she died since he/she died, went away cabinetmaker, woodworker to renounce by oath he was baptized from, by death without, except baptized I baptize, I wash and non-Catholic, Protestant to take, receive, take possession of local resident needle maker he/she reposes, dies, is content with he died acre record to, at, in, for, towards as yet, still assistant assistant young man, adolescent adultery he appeared, came lawyer sick gypsy equal age (being) in the age of, age relationship by marriage he/she affirmed, confirmed, asserted of the official blood relative in the male line cramps farmer coppersmith white German also, otherwise, or, at, another, called elsewhere, at another time other, another Germany altar the next, the other tanner both, two together aunt, father's sister cousin, (child of father's sister) female servant male servant England soul, spirit [he/she returned the soul to his/her Lord (died)] in the year (of) in the year of (our) Lord in the year (since/of) the incarnation (of the Lord) year aforesaid before, in front of, prior to old, senior stroke of April at the house of, at, by, near water archdeacon archbishop archive carpenter coat of arms herdsman gentleman, squire of coats of arms but and of August goldsmith driver or but, however, moreover Alsace grandmother ancestors, grandparents grandmother nephew uncle (mother's brother) grandfather

B

bacallarius baillivus bannorum, liber bannum baptisatus baptisma [necessitate baptismo] baptismatis baptismus baptizatorum, liber baptizatus est baptizavi baro beatus bene bergarius biduum biennium bona bonus bordarius borussia brasiator burgensis

bachelor bailiff register of marriage banns, announcements bann, marriage proclamation baptized baptism [(being) an emergency baptism] of baptism baptism register of baptisms he was baptized, has been baptized I baptized, have baptized baron blessed, deceased well shepherd space of two days, two-day period two-year period possessions good cottager, tenant, border Prussia brewer citizen, burgess

C

cadaver caelebs caelum caementarius calcearius calciator caledonia caligator cambria cameranius capella capellanus capitis capt et jurat caput carbonarius carecarius carnarius carpentarius carta casale casatus cataster catholicus caupo (cauponis) causa [ex causa] celator celebraverunt census centenarius centesimus centum cerdo (cerdonis) chartarius chirotherarus chirurgus chramarius cimeterium cingarus circa circiter civis clausit [diem clausit extremem] claustrarius clausum clericus clostrarius coelebs coemeterium cognationis cognomen collis colonus colorator comes comitas comitatus comitissa commater commorantes comparatio comparuit compater compos concepta est concessit conditione, sub conjugatus conjuges conjugum conjuncti sunt conjux consanguinitatis consobrina consobrinus consors (consortis) contra contracti contraxerunt convulsionis cooperta copulationis copulati sunt copulatus copulavit coquus coram coriarius corpus (corporis) cotarius cras creatura dei cuius cuiusdam cultellarius cum cuprifaber cur curia currarius custos (custodis)

dead body, cadaver bachelor, single man heaven, sky stonemason shoemaker shoemaker Scotland shoemaker Wales chamberlain, valet, groom chapel chaplain head, chief taken and sworn head, chief collier, coal miner carter butcher carpenter deed, charter, map estate, village cottager land, property record Catholic innkeeper cause, sake, because of [on account of, for the sake of] turner they celebrated, were married census a person one hundred years of age hundredth hundred handworker paper miller glover surgeon merchant cemetery gypsy about, around, round about about, approximately citizen he/she finished, closed [(died) he/she finished the last day] locksmith closed, finished clergyman locksmith bachelor, single man cemetery blood relationship name, family name, surname hill colonist, settler, resident, farmer, peasant dyer count county county countess godmother living, residing presence, appearance he/she appeared, was present godfather in possession of she was pregnant consented conditionally married married couple of/from the married couple they were joined (in marriage) spouse of blood relationship (such as cousins) female cousin (usually on the mother's side) male cousin (usually on the mother's side) wife against, opposite contracted, drawn together they contracted (marriage) of convulsions married (of a woman) of marriage they were married, joined married, joined he married (performed wedding) cook in the presence of tanner, leather worker body cottager tomorrow foundling (creature of God) whose of a certain cutler with coppersmith why court carriage builder custodian, guard

D

datum de debilitas decanatus decanus decem decembris decessit decessus decimus decretum decubuit dedit deflorata defuit defunctorum defunctorum, liber defunctus est defungitur dei deinde denarius denatus denatus est denunciatio [factis tribus denunciationibus] desponsationis desponsatus deus dexter dictus didymus die dies (diei) dignus dimidium diocesis discessit disponsationis divortium doageria dodum domi domicella domicellus domina dominica dominus domus donum dos (dotis) duae ducatus ducentesimus ducenti ducis dum duo duodecim duodecimus duodevicesimus duodeviginti dux (ducis) dysenteria

date, given of, from, by, concerning, about illness, weakness deanery, section of a diocese deacon ten of December he/she died died, death tenth decree he/she died, lay down he/she gave deflowered, no longer a virgin he/she departed, died of the dead (people) register of the deceased he died he/she dies, is discharged of God then, thereafter, next coin, penny, money deceased, dead he died, has died publication of marriage banns [after the publication of three marriage banns (three marriage banns having been published)] engagement engaged God right said, stated, known as twin on the day day worthy half diocese he/she died permission divorce dowager formerly, recently at home young lady, servant, nun young nobleman, junker, servant, servant in a monastery lady Sunday lord, rule, the Lord (Jesus Christ) home, house, family gift dowry two duchy two hundredth two hundred See dux. while, when, until, as long as two twelve twelfth eighteenth eighteen duke, leader dysentery

E

e eadem eam ebdomada ecclampsia ecclesia [in facie ecclesiae] ego ejusdem elapsus empicus enim eodem [eodem die] episcopus equalis eques (equitis) erant ergo erratum esse est et etiam eum ex exhalavit animam extra extraneus extremum extremum munitus exulatus

out of, from the same her week convulsions church [in front of the church] I the same past, elapsed lung disease for, namely, truly the same [on the same day] bishop equal knight, cavalry soldier they were therefore, because of error to be he/she is and, even and also, and even him from, out of (places of origin) he/she breathed out his/her soul (died) outside of, beyond stranger, foreign last last rites provided exile

F

faber factus falso familia familiaris famulus feber (febris) februarii fecunda femina fere feria festum fidelis figulus filia filia populae filiaster filiastra filiola filiolus filius filius populi finis firmarius fluxus focus foderator fodiator folium fons (fontis) fossor frater fuerunt fui fuit furnarius

maker, smith made falsely, incorrectly family relative, slave, friend, follower servant fever of February pregnant female, woman almost, nearly day, holiday feast, festival, wedding faithful potter daughter illegitimate daughter stepson stepdaughter little daughter little son son illegitimate son border, end farmer dysentery hearth, fireplace, home fuller, cloth worker digger page baptismal font, spring, fountain grave digger, miner brother they were I was he/she was baker

G

garcio gardianus gemellae gemelli geminus genealogia gener generis generosus genitor genitores genitus est gens (gentis) genuit genus (generis) germana germania germanus glos (gloris) gradus gratia gravida guardianus gubernium

boy, servant church warden twins (female) twins (male, or male and female) twin genealogy son-in-law See genus. of noble birth, gentleman father parents he was born, begotten male line, clan, tribe, lineage he/she was begotten sex, type, kind, birth, descent, origin, class, race real sister (by blood), German Germany real brother (by blood), German sister-in-law (wife's sister) degree, grade grace, sake pregnant guardian domain

H

habent habet habitans habitatio habitavit habuit haec (hac) haereticus haud hebdomada helvetia heres (heredis) heri hibernia hic hinc his hispania hoc hodie homo (hominis) honestus hora hortulanus hospes (hospitis) huius humationis humatus est humilis hungaricus hydropsis hypodidasculus

they have he/she has resident, inhabitant residence he/she resided, dwelt he/she had, held this, the latter heretic not week Switzerland heir yesterday Ireland here from here this, the latter Spain this, the latter today man, human being respectable, honorable hour gardener innkeeper of this, of the latter burial he was buried humble, lowly Hungarian dropsy schoolmaster, usher

I

iam ibi ibidem (ib, ibid) idem ignotus iit illegitimus illius impedimentum [nulloque detecto impedimento matrimonio] imperium imponit impositus [cui impositum est nomen] imposui impraegnavit impregnata incarnationis incola index (indicis) inerunt infans (infantis) inferior infirmus infra infrascriptus iniit initiatus est injuria inter intra intronizati sunt intronizaverunt inupta invenit ipse ita item ivit

already there in the same place the same unknown he/she went illegitimate of that, of the former hindrance, impediment (often to a marriage) [and no hindrance to the marriage having been uncovered] empire he imposes, places upon imposed, placed upon, given [to whom was given the name] I placed upon he impregnated pregnant of the incarnation (of the Lord) inhabitant, resident index they entered into (marriage) child, infant lower weak below, under written below, undersigned he/she entered, began he was baptized injury, worry between within, during they were married, have been married they married, have married unmarried he/she found, discovered himself, herself, itself so, thus also, likewise he/she went

J

januarii jovis, dies judaicus judicium julii juncti sunt junii junior juravit jure juro jus (juris) juvenis juxta

of January Thursday Jewish court, judgment of July they were joined (in marriage) of June younger, junior he/she swore, took an oath legally, lawfully I swear, testify law young man, young woman, young person near to, beside

L

laborius lanarius lanatus laniarius laniator lanifex (lanificis) laterarius lautus est lavacrum lavatus est lavo legio legitimatus levabat levans levantes levantibus levare ex fonte levir liber liberi libra ligati sunt ligatus ligavi lignarius lignicidus linifex (linificis) locus ludimagister ludus lunae, dies lustrationis

worker, laborer wool worker clothed in wool butcher butcher weaver brick maker he was baptized, has been baptized font he was baptized, washed I baptize, wash legion legitimate he was holding, raising, lifting up godparent the godparents by the godparents to raise from the baptismal font, to act as a godparent husband's brother, brother-in-law book, register, free children pound (weight) they were married, have been married married, joined, married person I joined (in marriage) joiner, cabinetmaker woodcutter linen weaver place schoolmaster, teacher school Monday of the baptism

M

macellator magis magister magnus maii major majorennis majoritatatis male malus mane manu propria manus marasmus maris marita mariti maritus martii martis, dies mas mater (matris) matertera matrica matrimonium [per subsequens matrimonium legitimatus] matrina matruelis me mecum medicus mendicus mense mensis mercator mercenarius mercurii, dies meretrix (meretricis) meridies meus miles (militis) mille millesimus minorennis minoritatis minus modo modus mola molitor moneta mons (montis) morbus more novo more vetere moritur mortis [ex hac mortali ad immortalem vitam] [ob imminens mortis periculum] mortuus est mos (moris) mulier multus municeps munitus mutuus

butcher more master large, great of May greater, older of legal age of legal age, majority badly bad, evil in the morning (signed) by one's own hand hand, band weakness of a male, man married, wife married couple married, husband of March Tuesday male, man mother aunt, mother's sister register, record book marriage [legitimized by subsequent marriage] godmother cousin on mother's side me with me doctor beggar in the month (of) month merchant day laborer Wednesday harlot, prostitute noon mine soldier, knight thousand thousandth not of legal age of less than legal age, minority less lately, presently, now manner, way mill miller money mountain disease (according to) the new style (of dating) (according to) the old style (of dating) he/she died of death [from this mortality to immortal life (died)] [on account of imminent danger of death (for an emergency baptism)] he died custom, manner woman, wife many a magistrate of a town fortified, provided mutual, common

N

nativitas naturalis natus est nauta nec necessitatis necnon negotiator nemo (neminis) neosponsa neosponsus nepos (nepotis) neptis neque nescit niger nihil nisi n.n. = nomen nescio nobilis nobilitatis nocte nomen nomen nescio nominatus est nomine non nonagenarius nonagesimus nonaginta nongentesimus nongenti nonus nonus decimus nos noster nota bene notarius nothus novem novembris noverca nox nudius nudius tertius nullus numerus nunc nunquam nuntius nuper nupserunt nupta nuptias nuptus nurus nutritor nutrius nutrix (nutricis)

birth natural, illegitimate he was born sailor neither, nor of necessity and also merchant (commerce) no one newlywed (female) newlywed (male) nephew, grandson niece, granddaughter and not he doesn't know black nothing if not I do not know the name noble of nobility at night name name not known he was named by/with the name (of) not, no a person in his nineties ninetieth ninety nine hundredth nine hundred ninth nineteenth we, us our note well, notice notary illegitimate child nine of November stepmother night earlier today is the third day (e.g., the day before yesterday)  no, none number now, at this time never messenger lately (sometimes denotes a deceased person) they married married woman, bride wedding married daughter-in-law foster father foster child foster mother

O

ob obdormitus est obierunt ob(i) imminens vitæ periculum  obiit [obiit sine prole] obitus obstetrix (obstetricis) octavus octavus decimus octingentesimus octingenti octo octobris octogenarius octogesimus octoginta officialis olim omnis operarius oppidum orbus origo (originis) oriundus, ex orphanus ortus ovilius

on account of, for, according to he fell asleep, died they died, have died because of impending danger of death he/she died, went away, departed  [died without issue] death, died midwife eighth eighteenth eight hundredth eight hundred eight of October a person in his eighties eightieth eighty official formerly, once (sometimes denotes a deceased person; also used in English church records to denote a name change, such as a slave name prior to baptism; "formerly known as") all, every day laborer city, town orphan origin, birth originating (from), born orphan origin, birth shepherd

P

pacatio paene pagina pagus palatium panifex papa parentes pariochialis pariter parochia parochus pars (partis) partus parvulus parvus pastor pater (patris) patres patria patrina patrini patrinus patruelis patruus pauper pax (pace) pedegogus penult per peregrinus perendie perfecit periit peritus peritus est pestis phthisis pictor pie pigator piscator pistor pius plutus pomerid pons (pontis) popula post posterus posthumus post partum postridie potuit preceptor predefunctus predictus prefatus prefectus pregnata premissus prenobilis presens (presentis) preter pretor pridie primus princeps principatus privigna privignus pro proclamationis procurator progenitus proles promulgationis prope propter prout provisus proximus [anni proximi elapsi] pudica puella puer puera puerperium purgatus puta

payment almost, nearly page village, district palatinate baker pope parents parochial, parish equally, also parish parish priest area, region birth, childbirth very little, small little pastor, shepherd father forefathers, ancestors fatherland, native land godmother godparents godfather cousin on father's side uncle (father's brother) poor peace schoolteacher the last but one, next to the last through, by means of foreign, strange day after tomorrow he/she completed, did he/she perished, died deceased, dead he died plague consumption, tuberculosis painter piously dyer fisherman baker pious baptized, sprinkled afternoon (p.m.) bridge people after following born after death of father after birth on the day after, a day later could teacher, instructor previously deceased (such as before the birth of a child) aforesaid aforesaid magistrate pregnant published previously (such as marriage banns) respected, honorable, esteemed present, in attendance besides, also, past, beyond village mayor the day before first prince principality stepdaughter stepson for, in behalf of, as far as bann, decree lawyer, monastic official firstborn issue, child, offspring (gender not given) decree, bann near, close to because of, near as, accordingly provided (with) previous, preceding [of the preceding year] chaste, upright girl boy, child girl childbirth baptized, purged, cleansed reputed, supposed

Q

quadragesimus quadraginta quadrigentesimus quadringenti quaestor quam quando quartus quartus decimus quasi quattuor quattuordecim -que qui (quae, quod) quidam (quaedam, quodam) quindecim quingentesimus quingenti quinquagesimus quinquaginta quinque quintus quintus decimus quod quondam

fortieth forty four hundredth four hundred treasurer, paymaster how, as much as when fourth fourteenth almost, as if four fourteen and (as a suffix) who, which, what a certain person or thing fifteen five hundredth five hundred fiftieth fifty five fifth fifteenth because formerly, former (refers to a deceased person)

R

recognito rectus regeneratus est regimine pedestre regina registrum regius regnum relicta relictus religio (religionis) relinquit renanus renatus est repertorium requiescat in pace restio rex (regis) ritus rotulus rufus rusticus

examination, inquest by jury right, direct he was baptized infantry regiment queen index, list royal kingdom widow widower, surviving religion he/she left behind, abandoned of the Rhine he was baptized index, list (may he/she) rest in peace rope maker king rite, ceremony roll red peasant, farmer

S

sabbatinus, dies sabbatum sacellanus sacer sacerdos (sacerdotis) sacramentum [omnibus sacramentis provisis] [sacramentis totiis munitiis] sacro fonte baptismi saeculum saepe salarium sanctus sanus sartor satis saturni, dies scabinus scarlatina schola scorbutus scorifex (scorificis) scorta scotia scribo scripsit scriptum secundus sed sedecim sellarius semel semi semper senex (senicis) senilis senior senium sepelivi septagenarius septem septembris septemdecim septigenti septimana septimus septimus decimus septingentesimus septuagesimus septuaginta sepultorum, liber sepultus est sequens (sequentis) serdo (serdonis) servus sescentesimus sescenti seu sex sexagesimus sexaginta sextus sextus decimus sexus si sic sigillum signum signum fecit silva sine sinister sinus [in sinum maternum conditus] sive smigator socer (socris) socius socrinus socrus sol (solis) solemnicationis solis, dies solutus soror sororius spasmus spirituales, parentes sponsa sponsalia sponsalis sponsatus sponsor sponsus spurius statim status stemma stinarius stirps stuprata stuprator sub subscripsit subscriptus subsequentis subsignatum subsignavit suevia sum sunt superior superstes supra supradictum surdus susceptor susceptores susceptorix sutor suus synergus

Saturday Saturday chaplain sacred priest sacrament, ordinance, rite [(he/she) was provided with all the last rites] [(being) fortified by all the last rites] in the sacred font of baptism a generation, century, age, eternity, world often salary holy, sacred, a saint healthy tailor enough Saturday judge, lay assessor scarlet fever school scurvy tanner unmarried mother, whore Scotland I write he/she wrote written second but sixteen saddler once, a single time half always old man weak with age older, elder old age I buried a person in his seventies seven of September seventeen seven hundred week seventh seventeenth seven hundredth seventieth seventy burial register he was buried following tanner servant six hundredth six hundred or six sixtieth sixty sixth sixteenth sex if thus, so, yes seal sign, mark he/she made a mark, signed woods, forest without left bosom, breast [given into the maternal breast (buried)] or soap maker father-in-law apprentice, comrade, associate brother-in-law mother-in-law the sun marriage Sunday unmarried, free from debt sister brother-in-law (sister's husband) cramps godparents bride, spouse, betrothed marriage banns betrothed married godparent groom, spouse, betrothed illegitimate immediately condition, status pedigree plowman origin, source pregnant (out of wedlock) father of an illegitimate child under, beneath, below he/she undersigned undersigned following, subsequent marked or signed below he/she marked (signed) below Sweden I am they are upper surviving, still living before, above, beyond above written deaf godparent (male) godparents godparent (female) cobbler, shoemaker his/her/its own, their own apprentice

T

taberna tamen tandem tegularius teleonarius tempus (temporis) terra tertius tertius decimus testes testibus testimentum testis textor thorus [ex illegitimo thoro] tignarius tinctor tomus tonsor tornator totus trans transitus est trecentesimus trecenti tredecim tres (tria) tribus tricesimus tricesimus primus triduum trigemini triginta triginta unus tum tumulatus tunc tussis tutela tutor tuus typhus

inn, tavern however at first, finally brick maker tax collector time land, earth third thirteenth witnesses by witnesses will, testament witness weaver status of legitimacy, bed [of illegitimate status] carpenter dyer volume barber turner (lathe) entire, all across he died three hundredth three hundred thirteen three clan, lineage thirtieth thirty-first space of three days, three-day period triplets thirty thirty-one then buried then, at that time, immediately cough guardianship guardian your typhoid fever, typhus

U

ubi uix nata  ultimus unctio extrema unde undecim undecimus undevicesimus undeviginti ungaricus unigenus unus urbs (urbis) ut uterinus ut infra ut supra uxor uxoratis

where legitimately born (born to a married couple) last, final extreme unction, the last rites, anointing wherefore, whereupon, whence eleven eleventh nineteenth nineteen Hungarian only (born) son, unique, only begotten one, only, together city how, as, that, therewith, in order that on mother's side of family, of the same mother as below as above wife married

V

vagabundus vagus variola vassus vel velle venerabilis veneris, dies venia vero, die vespere vester vetula vetus (veteris) via vicarius vicecomes vicesimus vicinus victor vicus vide videlicet vidua viduus vigesimus vigesimus nonus vigesimus octavus vigesimus primus vigesimus quartus vigesimus quintus vigesimus secundus vigesimus septimus vigesimus sextus vigesimus tertius viginti viginti duo viginti noven viginti octo viginti quattuor viginti quinque viginti septem viginti sex viginti tres viginti unus villicanus vir virgo (virginis) virtuosus vita vitam cessit vitriarius vitricus vivens (vivus) vos vulgo

wanderer, vagabond tramp smallpox servant, vassal or will, testament venerable, worthy Friday permission, indulgence on this very day in the evening your old woman old road, way vicar sheriff, reeve twentieth nearby, neighborhood cooper (occupation) village see namely widow widower twentieth twenty-ninth twenty-eighth twenty-first twenty-fourth twenty-fifth twenty-second twenty-seventh twenty-sixth twenty-third twenty twenty-two twenty-nine twenty-eight twenty-four twenty-five twenty-seven twenty-six twenty-three twenty-one reeve, steward man, male virgin virtuous, honorable life he/she departed from life (died) glassmaker stepfather living you commonly, generally

Z

zingarius

gypsy

External Links

• An On-line Latin word-list (Hypertext version) UBC SunSITE
• Words (by William Whitaker)- Latin to English 39,000 entry dictionary and grammar aid
• Randy Jones, "Genealogical Abbreviations" in Roots: The Genealogy And Family History Home Page. About 240 English, Latin, and French abbreviations.
• World list from Ancestry.com
• World list compiled from several British glossaries
• Martin, The Record Interpreter
• Latin terms for decease and causes of death