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| link3=[[US_Migration_Trails_and_Roads|U.S. Migration Trails and Roads]] | |||
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[[Image:{{CanCha}}]] | [[Image:{{CanCha}}]] | ||
=== Historical Background === | === Historical Background === | ||
The [[Chambly_Canal|Chambly Canal]] along a part of the upper [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] helps connect the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River] in [[Quebec]] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] in [[Vermont]] and [[New York]]. The canal and its locks allowed boats to bypass the Richelieu River rapids near Chambly and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Work began on this canal in 1831 and was completed in 1843. The canal from Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu to Chambly is 12 miles (19 km) long.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Chambly Canal" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chambly_Canal (accessed 7 June 2011).</ref> | The [[Chambly_Canal|Chambly Canal]] along a part of the upper [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] helps connect the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River] in [[Quebec Genealogy|Quebec]] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] in [[Vermont Genealogy|Vermont]] and [[New York Genealogy|New York]]. The canal and its locks allowed boats to bypass the Richelieu River rapids near Chambly and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Work began on this canal in 1831 and was completed in 1843. The canal from Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu to Chambly is 12 miles (19 km) long.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Chambly Canal" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chambly_Canal (accessed 7 June 2011).</ref> | ||
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] in [[Quebec]] flows north from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] near the United States border about 106 miles (171 km) to Sorel-Tracy where it joins the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River].<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Richelieu River" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River (accessed 8 June 2011).</ref> | The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] in [[Quebec Genealogy|Quebec]] flows north from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] near the United States border about 106 miles (171 km) to Sorel-Tracy where it joins the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River].<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Richelieu River" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River (accessed 8 June 2011).</ref> | ||
Indians and French settlers used the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] and recognized its strategic military importance. A series of forts were built in the 1600s and 1700s to help defend it.<ref name="waterway">Parks Canada, "Waterway History," ''Chambly Canal National Historic Site Canada'' at http://www.pc.gc.ca/lhn-nhs/qc/chambly/natcul/natcul2/natcul2a.aspx (8 June 2011).</ref> | Indians and French settlers used the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] and recognized its strategic military importance as a probable invasion route. A series of forts were built in the 1600s and 1700s to help defend it.<ref name="waterway">Parks Canada, "Waterway History," ''Chambly Canal National Historic Site Canada'' at http://www.pc.gc.ca/lhn-nhs/qc/chambly/natcul/natcul2/natcul2a.aspx (8 June 2011).</ref> | ||
The '''Chambly Canal''' was part of a network of canals, lakes and rivers connecting New York City to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal Montréal]. Freight such as lumber and coal could be shipped from the St. Lawrence River, up the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] and Chambly Canal to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain], and down the [[Champlain Canal]] to the Hudson River to New York City. The Hudson River is also connected to the [[Erie Canal]]. The Chambly Canal was an important part of increasing Canadian-American trade into the 20th Century. After World War I (1914-1918) freight traffic declined, but has partially been replaced since with tourist pleasure cruises.<ref name="waterway" /> | The '''Chambly Canal''' was part of a network of canals, lakes and rivers connecting New York City to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal Montréal]. Freight such as lumber and coal could be shipped from the St. Lawrence River, up the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] and Chambly Canal to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain], and down the [[Champlain Canal]] to the Hudson River to New York City. The Hudson River is also connected to the [[Erie Canal]]. The Chambly Canal was an important part of increasing Canadian-American trade into the 20th Century. After World War I (1914-1918) freight traffic declined, but has partially been replaced since with tourist pleasure cruises.<ref name="waterway" /> | ||
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=== Route === | === Route === | ||
The '''Chambly Canal''' is connected to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] at the south end in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, [[Saint-Jean County, Quebec|Saint-Jean County]], and to the same river at the north end in Chambly, [[Chambly County, Quebec]]. | The '''Chambly Canal''' is connected to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] at the south end in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, [[Saint-Jean County, Quebec|Saint-Jean County]], and to the same river at the north end in Chambly, [[Chambly County, Quebec]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]]. | ||
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] flows north out of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont%C3%A9r%C3%A9gie Montérégie] region in the far south of [[Quebec|Quebec]] as follows: | The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] flows north out of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont%C3%A9r%C3%A9gie Montérégie] region in the far south of [[Quebec Genealogy|Quebec]] as follows: | ||
:*Lake Champlain ([[Clinton County, New York]], and [[Grand Isle County, Vermont|Grand Isle]], and [[Franklin County, Vermont|Franklin]] counties in [[Vermont]]) | :*Lake Champlain ([[Clinton County, New York]], and [[Grand Isle County, Vermont Genealogy|Grand Isle]], and [[Franklin County, Vermont Genealogy|Franklin]] counties in [[Vermont Genealogy|Vermont]]) | ||
:*[[Missisquoi County, Quebec|Missisquoi]] | :*[[Missisquoi County, Quebec|Missisquoi]] | ||
:*[[Saint-Jean County, Quebec|Saint-Jean]] (now [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Haut-Richelieu_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec Le Haut-Richelieu]) | :*[[Saint-Jean County, Quebec|Saint-Jean]] (now [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Haut-Richelieu_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec Le Haut-Richelieu]) | ||
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:*St. Lawrence River | :*St. Lawrence River | ||
'''Connecting Migration Routes'''. The Richelieu River and Chambly Canal are linked to other migration routes at each end. | |||
<div style="float: left; width: 100%"> | |||
The migration pathways connected at the ''south end'' included: | The migration pathways connected at the ''south end'' included: | ||
:*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] with connections to: | :*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] with connections to: | ||
::*[[Champlain Canal]] 1823 | ::*[[Champlain Canal]] 1823 [[Image:Champlain map.png|right|500px]] | ||
::*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson_River Hudson River] | ::*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson_River Hudson River] | ||
:::*[[Erie Canal]] 1825 | :::*[[Erie Canal]] 1825 | ||
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:*[[Halifax Road]] or Grand Communication Route | :*[[Halifax Road]] or Grand Communication Route | ||
Also, the Chambly Canal and Richelieu River run parallel to part of the [[Lake Champlain Trail]] from Albany, New York to Sorel-Tracy, Quebec. | Also, the Chambly Canal and Richelieu River run parallel to part of the [[Lake Champlain Trail]] from Albany, New York to Sorel-Tracy, Quebec. | ||
=== Settlers and Records === | === Settlers and Records === | ||
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{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
{{Quebec|Quebec}}{{New York|New York}}{{Vermont|Vermont}}{{-}}</div> | |||
{{Quebec|Quebec}}{{New York|New York}}{{Vermont|Vermont}} | [[Category:United_States_Migration_Internal]] [[Category:US_Migration_Canals]] [[Category:Migration_Routes]] [[Category:New York Migration Routes]] [[Category:Clinton_County,_New_York]] [[Category:Vermont Migration Routes]] [[Category:Grand_Isle_County,_Vermont]] [[Category:Franklin_County,_Vermont]] [[Category:Quebec Migration Routes]] [[Category:Missisquoi_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Saint-Jean_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Iberville_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Rouville_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Chambly_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Verchères_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Saint-Hyacinthe_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Richelieu_County,_Quebec]] | ||