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Many remained in the United States or went to Canada after the war. The following source is a major index of German mercenaries: | Many remained in the United States or went to Canada after the war. The following source is a major index of German mercenaries: | ||
''Hessische Truppen im amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg (HETRINA) (Hessian Troops in the American Revolution).'' Six Volumes. Marburg, Germany: Archivschule, 1971-1976, 1987-. | ''Hessische Truppen im amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg (HETRINA) (Hessian Troops in the American Revolution).'' Six Volumes. Marburg, Germany: Archivschule, 1971-1976, 1987-. {{FSC|2707192|item|disp=(FS Library book 943 M2mg; films 1,320,516 items 6-7 and1,320,542 items 5-6.)}} Indexes from this series list each soldier's name, year of birth, place of origin, rank, and military unit and the source of the information. | ||
The following source indexes thousands of American and British records of German soldiers: | The following source indexes thousands of American and British records of German soldiers: | ||
Smith, Clifford Neal. ''Cumulative Surname Index and Soundex to Monographs 1 through 12 of the German-American Genealogical Research Series''. McNeal, Arizona, USA: Westland Publishing, 1983. | Smith, Clifford Neal. ''Cumulative Surname Index and Soundex to Monographs 1 through 12 of the German-American Genealogical Research Series''. McNeal, Arizona, USA: Westland Publishing, 1983.{{FSC|229888|item|disp= (FS Library book 973 W2smn no. 13.)}} This index lists only the soldier's surname and the series number of the monograph where information about that soldier can be found. Each monograph is individually indexed. The monograph normally lists the soldier's name, rank, and unit. Some of the following may also be listed: birthplace; age; occupation; promotions; where the soldier resided or was recruited; and whether he was wounded, killed, missing in action, captured, deserted, or sold, and where. | ||
''' Additional Sources ''' | ''' Additional Sources ''' | ||
*Karl J.R. Arndt.'' How to Find Your Hessian Ancestor.'' Genealogical Journal 6 (March, 1977):15-18. FS Library 973 D25gj. | *Karl J.R. Arndt.'' How to Find Your Hessian Ancestor.'' Genealogical Journal 6 (March, 1977):15-18. FS Library 973 D25gj. | ||
* | *{{FSC|629540|item|disp=Don Heinrich Tolzmann, ed. ''German Allied Troops in the American Revolution: J. R. Rosengarten's Survey of German Archives and Sources.'' Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1993. FS Library 973 M2ge}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|2059873|item|disp=Journal of the Johannes Schwalm Historical Association.}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|79611|item|disp=Clifford Neal Smith. ''Annotated Hessian Chaplaincy Record of the American Revolution.'' MeNeal, Arizona, Westland Publications, 1994. FS Library 973 W2smn no. 30}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|199604|item|disp=Neal Smith. ''British and German deserters, discharges, and prisoners of war who may have remained in Canada and the United States.''McNeal, Arizona : Westland Publications, c1988-. FS Library 973 W2sco pt 1 & Pt 2}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|479979|item|disp=Neal Smith. ''Deserters and disbanded soldiers from British, German and Loyalist military units in the South, 1782.''McNeal, Arizona : Westland Publications, c1991. FS Library 973 W2scd}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|114302|item|disp=Clifford Neal Smith. ''Mercenaries from Ansbach and Bayreuth, Germany who remained in America after the Revolution.''Thomson, Illinois : Heritage House, 1974. FS Library 973 W2smn no. 2 1974}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|211874|item|disp=Clifford Neal Smith. ''Mercenaries from Ansbach and Bayreuth, Germany, who remained in America after the Revolution.''McNeal, Arizona : Westland Publications, 1979. FS Library 973 W2smn no. 2 19179.}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|211891|item|disp=Clifford Neal Smith. ''Mercenaries from Hessen-Hanau who remained in Canada and the United States after the American Revolution.''DeKalb, Illinois : Westland Publications, 1976.}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|211882|item|disp=Clifford Neal Smith. ''Muster rolls and prisoner-of-war lists in American archival collections pertaining to the German mercenary troops who served with the British forces during the American Revolution.''DeKalb, Illinois : Westland Publications, 1976. FS Library 973 W2smn no. 3}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|629164|item|disp=Clifford Neal Smith. ''Notes on Hessian soldiers who remained in Canada and the United States after the American Revolution, 1775-1784.''McNeal, Arizona : Westland Publications, 1992, 1996. FS Library 973 W2smn no 28 pt 1-3;973 W2smn no. 28 4A-4E}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|656935|item|disp=Hessian soldier file, 1777-1962}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|1131337|item|disp=compiled and translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne ; with special assistance from his wife, Marie E. Burgoyne, ''Hessian chaplains : their diaries and duties'' Bowie, Maryland : Heritage Books, Inc., c2003 FS Library 973 K2bhc}} | ||
''' Histories ''' | ''' Histories ''' | ||
* | *{{FSC|298650|item|disp=Max Von Eelking. ''The German Allied Troops in the North American War of Independence, 1887-1783.'' Albany:Joel Munsell's Sons, 1893. reprint Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1969. FS Library 973 M2r}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|612350|item|disp=Rodney Atwood. ''The Hessians: Mercenaries from Hessen Kassel in the American Revolution.'' Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1980. FS Library 973 H2at}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|213334|item|disp=Edward J. Lowell. '' The Hessians and other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War.'' New York: Harper & Brothers, 1884. FS Library 973 M2Lej}} | ||
''' Canada ''' | ''' Canada ''' | ||
* | *{{FSC|125910|item|disp=Virginia Easley DeMarce. '' The Settlement of Former German Auxiliary Troops in Canada after the American Revolution.'' Sparta, Wisconsin, 1984. FS Library 971 W2dv}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|488157|item|disp=Jean-Pierre Wihelmy. '' German Mercenaries in Canada.'' Beloeil,Quebec: Maison des Mots, 1985. FS Library 971 M2w}} | ||
====American Civil War==== | ====American Civil War==== | ||
About one in ten Union soldiers was born in Germany. Over 200,000 German immigrants to the United States were recruited by the Union, many as they stepped off the boat. Some were drafted. Some Germans served in the Confederate military. To find information about Germans who fought in the Civil War, see [[United States Military Records]]. | About one in ten Union soldiers was born in Germany. Over 200,000 German immigrants to the United States were recruited by the Union, many as they stepped off the boat. Some were drafted. Some Germans served in the Confederate military. To find information about Germans who fought in the Civil War, see [[United States Military Records]]. | ||
* | *{{FSC|638433|item|disp=William L. Burton.''Melting pot soldiers : the Union's ethnic regiments.''Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University Press, 1988. FS Library 973 M2bw}} | ||
* | *{{FSC|424136|item|disp=Ella Lonn. ''Foreigners in the Union Army and Navy'' reprint New York, New York: Greenwood Press, 1969. FS Library 973 M2Le}} | ||
*Kamphoefner, Walter D. and Helbich, Wolfgang eds. ''Germans in the Civil War : the letters they wrote home'' Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, c2006. {{FSC|1440538|item|disp=FS Catalog book 973 F2kw}}; | *Kamphoefner, Walter D. and Helbich, Wolfgang eds. ''Germans in the Civil War : the letters they wrote home'' Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, c2006. {{FSC|1440538|item|disp=FS Catalog book 973 F2kw}}; | ||
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