(→Traditional pronunciation: Adding a few more ways to say names) Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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|description=Begin your Scottish heritage learning journey. See how Scottish surnames, personal names and clan names developed through the FamilySearch Research Wiki. | |description=Begin your Scottish heritage learning journey. See how Scottish surnames, personal names and clan names developed through the FamilySearch Research Wiki. | ||
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*[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/scottish'''Behind the Name, Scottish Given Names'''] | *[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/scottish'''Behind the Name, Scottish Given Names'''] | ||
*[[Guild of One-Name Studies|'''The Guild of One-Name Studies''']] | *[[Guild of One-Name Studies|'''The Guild of One-Name Studies''']] | ||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname | *[https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname Surname experience] at FamilySearch - search by surname to learn its meaning and origin | ||
== Surnames == | == Surnames == | ||
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***Craig (Creag, meaning a rock) Forrest, Milne (a mill), Muir (moorland or summer grazing area, Ross (someone living on a headland), Wood | ***Craig (Creag, meaning a rock) Forrest, Milne (a mill), Muir (moorland or summer grazing area, Ross (someone living on a headland), Wood | ||
**'''Patronymic''' (based on a person’s father’s name, see above) | **'''Patronymic''' (based on a person’s father’s name, see above) | ||
**'''Descriptive''' or '''nickname''' often referring to hair colour, | **'''Descriptive''' or '''nickname''' often referring to hair colour, complexion, or personality traits - | ||
***Braidfute (Broad footed), Fairbairn (Beautiful child), Reid (red), Black | ***Braidfute (Broad footed), Fairbairn (Beautiful child), Reid (red), Black | ||
***Dow (Dubh, dark haired), Keir (ciar, swarthy, or ceàrr, left handed), Breck (Breac, freckled), Douglas (Dùghlas from Dubh-ghlas, dark-grey haired), Gilroy/Kilroy (MacGhilleruaidh, son of the red headed person), Bowie (Buidhe - blonde person), Glass (glas - grey haired) | ***Dow (Dubh, dark haired), Keir (ciar, swarthy, or ceàrr, left handed), Breck (Breac, freckled), Douglas (Dùghlas from Dubh-ghlas, dark-grey haired), Gilroy/Kilroy (MacGhilleruaidh, son of the red headed person), Bowie (Buidhe - blonde person), Glass (glas - grey haired) | ||
***Armstrong, Godard (good natured), Hardie (bold, daring, also a derivative of McHardy), Kenard (kind-hearted), Sharp (sharp or keen, also a derivative of McKerran), Smart (smeart, meaning active), Truman (true or trusty man) | ***Armstrong, Godard (good natured), Hardie (bold, daring, also a derivative of McHardy), Kenard (kind-hearted), Sharp (sharp or keen, also a derivative of McKerran), Smart (smeart, meaning active), Truman (true or trusty man) | ||
**'''Ethnic origins''' | **'''Ethnic origins''' | ||
***Wallace (Wealys, a Brython or Welshman), Bremner (Brabant), Inglis (English), Scott, Fleming | ***Wallace (Wealys, a Brython or Welshman), Bremner (Brabant), Inglis (English), Scott, Fleming | ||
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===Traditional pronunciation=== | ===Traditional pronunciation=== | ||
Many Scottish surnames have pronunciations which are traditional in Scotland. Sometimes these are reflected in phonetic spellings. Some of these have died out, or are currently being supplanted within Scotland itself. They may differ from American or English pronunciations: | Many Scottish surnames have pronunciations which are traditional in Scotland. Sometimes these are reflected in phonetic spellings. Some of these have died out, or are currently being supplanted within Scotland itself. They may differ from American or English pronunciations: | ||
* Birse - " | * Birse - "Bierce" (rhymes with "pierce") | ||
* Brown - "Broon" | * Brown - "Broon" | ||
* Cameron - "Kammerun" | |||
* Campbell - "Kambell" (silent "p") | |||
* Chisholm - "Chizzim" | |||
* Christie - "Krist-ee" (first "i" short) | * Christie - "Krist-ee" (first "i" short) | ||
* Cochrane - "Cock-run" | * Cochrane - "Cock-run" | ||
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* Cruickshank - "Croo-shank" (now rare) | * Cruickshank - "Croo-shank" (now rare) | ||
* Dalziel - "Die-yell" or "Day-ell" | * Dalziel - "Die-yell" or "Day-ell" | ||
* Denholm - "Denim" | |||
* Dewar - "Jewer" or "Jewar" | |||
* Ewart - "Yew-wart" | |||
* Ewing - "Yew-ing" | |||
* Farquhar - "Farker" | * Farquhar - "Farker" | ||
* Forbes - "Forbees" or "For bays" | * Forbes - "Forbees" or "For bays" | ||
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* Kerr - "Carr" | * Kerr - "Carr" | ||
* Lithgow - "Lith-goe" | * Lithgow - "Lith-goe" | ||
* MacFadyen - "Mac-Fadjin" | |||
* MacKay - "Mac-Kye" | * MacKay - "Mac-Kye" | ||
* MacKean - "Mac-Kain" (now rare) | * MacKean - "Mac-Kain" (now rare) | ||
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* Reid - "Reed" | * Reid - "Reed" | ||
* Ruthven - "Riven" | * Ruthven - "Riven" | ||
* Salmond - "Sammon" (silent "l" and "d") | |||
* Smellie - "Smiley" | |||
* Ure - "Yoor" | |||
* Urquhart - "Urkut" or "Urkurt" | * Urquhart - "Urkut" or "Urkurt" | ||
* Weir - "Weer" | |||
* Wemyss - "Weemz" | * Wemyss - "Weemz" | ||
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*The eleventh through fourteenth sons were named for their mother's four great-grandfathers. | *The eleventh through fourteenth sons were named for their mother's four great-grandfathers. | ||
According to Donald J. Steel in ''Sources for Scottish Genealogy and Family History, (Chichester, Sussex: Phillimore & CO. Ltd., 1970'', in National Index of Parish Registers Vol. 12, p 47) | According to Donald J. Steel in ''Sources for Scottish Genealogy and Family History, (Chichester, Sussex: Phillimore & CO. Ltd., 1970'', in National Index of Parish Registers Vol. 12, p 47) there are variations to the naming pattern described above. Sometimes the second son and daughter were named after the parents. Another variation is that the eldest son was named after the mother's father, the 2nd son after the father's father. The eldest daughter was named after the father's mother, and the 2nd daughter after the mother's mother and so on. | ||
*The first daughter was named for her mother's mother. | *The first daughter was named for her mother's mother. | ||
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Nicknames can lead the researcher astray if used incorrectly. Sandy or Sandie is one example, being used for both Alexander and Alexandra (it is sometimes seen as "Sandi" in its feminine form nowadays); Charlie or Charley being used for both Charles and Charlotte. | Nicknames can lead the researcher astray if used incorrectly. Sandy or Sandie is one example, being used for both Alexander and Alexandra (it is sometimes seen as "Sandi" in its feminine form nowadays); Charlie or Charley being used for both Charles and Charlotte. | ||
There are also Scottish variants to common English given names. Following are just a few examples of common Scottish variants and spelling:<br> Alexander - Alec, Eck, Sandy, Sander, Xander.<br>Ann/Anne/Anna - Anice, Annag, Annella, Annis, Annys.<br>Andrew - Andro.<br>Elizabeth - Elspeth.<br>George - Dod.<br>James - Hamish.<br>Jane - Jean, Janet Jessie.<br>John - Ian.<br>Katherine - Catrina, Caitriona, Ceitidh.<br>Mary - Mae, Morag.<br> | There are also Scottish variants to common English given names. Following are just a few examples of common Scottish variants and spelling:<br> Alexander - Alec, Eck, Sandy, Sander, Xander/Zander.<br>Ann/Anne/Anna - Anice, Annag, Annella, Annis, Annys.<br>Andrew - Andro.<br>Elizabeth - Elspeth.<br>George - Dod.<br>James - Hamish.<br>Jane - Jean, Janet Jessie.<br>John - Ian/Iain.<br>Katherine - Catrina, Caitriona, Ceitidh.<br>Mary - Mae, Morag.<br> | ||
==For Further Reading== | ==For Further Reading== | ||
*Black, George Fraser. '''''Surnames of Scotland: Their Origin, Meaning, and History.''''' New York: New York Public Library, 1946. (FamilySearch Library | *Black, George Fraser. '''''Surnames of Scotland: Their Origin, Meaning, and History.''''' New York: New York Public Library, 1946. (FamilySearch Library book {{FSC|941 D4b|disp=941 D4b}}.) {{WorldCat|913415139|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Dorward, David. '''''Scottish Surnames''''' {{WorldCat|249526415|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | *Dorward, David. '''''Scottish Surnames''''' {{WorldCat|249526415|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Dunkling, Leslie Ann. '''''Scottish Christian Names: An A-Z of First Names.''''' London, England: Johnston and Bacon, 1978. {{WorldCat|276727515|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | *Dunkling, Leslie Ann. '''''Scottish Christian Names: An A-Z of First Names.''''' London, England: Johnston and Bacon, 1978. {{WorldCat|276727515|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Foster, Craig L. [[Media:Scottish Clans and Naming Patterns C Foster 2018-202031 April 2018 JMR.pdf|'''Scottish Clans and Naming Patterns''']] | *Foster, Craig L. [[Media:Scottish Clans and Naming Patterns C Foster 2018-202031 April 2018 JMR.pdf|'''Scottish Clans and Naming Patterns''']] | ||
*Gardner, David E., and Frank Smith. '''''Genealogical Research in England and Wales'''''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Bookcraft Publishers, 1956-1964. (FamilySearch Library | *Gardner, David E., and Frank Smith. '''''Genealogical Research in England and Wales'''''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Bookcraft Publishers, 1956-1964. (FamilySearch Library book {{FSC|929.142 G172g|disp=929.142 G172g}} .) Many names in pre-1700 records are in Latin. Volume three contains a select list of Latin given names with the English equivalent. {{WorldCat|989920413|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Guppy, Henry Brougham. '''''Homes of Family Names in Great Britain'''''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing, 1968. (FS Library book 942 D4g 1968.) This book discusses the geographic origins and meanings of certain surnames. {{WorldCat|1147840985|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | *Guppy, Henry Brougham. '''''Homes of Family Names in Great Britain'''''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing, 1968. (FS Library book 942 D4g 1968.) This book discusses the geographic origins and meanings of certain surnames. {{WorldCat|1147840985|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges. '''''A Dictionary of Surnames'''''. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. Digital version at [http://www.ancestry.com/learn/facts/default.aspx Ancestry] - free; (FS Library book {{FSC|412254|title-id|disp=929.42 H194d}}. BYU | *Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges. '''''A Dictionary of Surnames'''''. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. Digital version at [http://www.ancestry.com/learn/facts/default.aspx Ancestry] - free; (FS Library book {{FSC|412254|title-id|disp=929.42 H194d}}. BYU FS Library book CS 2385 .H27 1988.) The book contains entries for most major surnames of European origin and some rare surnames. {{WorldCat||disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Krossa, Sharon L. [https://medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/ '''''Quick and Easy Gaelic Names'''''] | *Krossa, Sharon L. [https://medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/ '''''Quick and Easy Gaelic Names'''''] | ||
*Lasker, G. W. and C. G. N. Mascie-Taylor. '''''Atlas of British Surnames: With 154 Maps of Selected Surnames'''''. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press, 1990. (FS Library book 942 D4Lg.) This book charts with maps the density of surnames in Scotland.{{WorldCat|936860918|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | *Lasker, G. W. and C. G. N. Mascie-Taylor. '''''Atlas of British Surnames: With 154 Maps of Selected Surnames'''''. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press, 1990. (FS Library book 942 D4Lg.) This book charts with maps the density of surnames in Scotland.{{WorldCat|936860918|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
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[[Category:Scotland]] | [[Category:Scotland]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Naming Customs]] | ||
[[Category:Patronyms]] | [[Category:Patronyms]] | ||
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