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== Localities == | == Localities == | ||
Imperial Russia | In 1708 Peter the Great divided Imperial Russia into eight large provinces (or states) - '''gubernii'''. A county - '''uyezd''' was the subdivision of a guberniya. | ||
The statute of 1775 instituted by Catherine the Great divided Russia into 40 provinces (gubernii), each divided into an average of 10 counties (uyezd). | |||
In 1797 each county (uyezd) was divided into townships - '''volosti''' and villages - '''derevnya''' or '''selo''', distinguished by the fact that a ''selo'' normally had a church. This organization remained fairly stable. | |||
At the beginning of the 20th century there were 50 provinces (gubernii) in European Russia; not including Finland, Poland, and the Caucasus. Most of the provinces in the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Far East corresponding to provinces (gubernii) were called '''oblasti'''. | At the beginning of the 20th century there were 50 provinces (gubernii) in European Russia; not including Finland, Poland, and the Caucasus. Most of the provinces in the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Far East corresponding to provinces (gubernii) were called '''oblasti'''. | ||
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In 1914, there were 78 gubernii and 20 oblasti. | In 1914, there were 78 gubernii and 20 oblasti. | ||
In modern Russia , a district (oblast) is equivalent to an imperial province (guberniya). There are more districts (oblasti) in modern Russia than there were provinces (gubernii) in imperial Russia. Often, the records of several modern oblasti are found in the archive of a single oblast whose capital happened to be the capital of an imperial guberniya. | |||
A region '''raion''' is the intermediate jurisdiction in modern Russia, taking the place of counties (uyezd) and townships (volosti). | A region '''raion''' is the intermediate jurisdiction in modern Russia, taking the place of counties (uyezd) and townships (volosti). | ||