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{{England | {{CountrySidebar | ||
|Country=England | |||
|Name=England | |||
|Type=Topic | |||
|Topic Type=Records | |||
|Records=Directories | |||
|Rating=Acceptable | |||
}}{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[England Genealogy|England]] | | link1=[[England Genealogy|England]] | ||
| link2= | | link2= | ||
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== Online Resources == | == Online Resources == | ||
*[http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/britain-directories-and-almanacs?_ga=1.110943041.553913357.1443808205 Britain, Directories and Almanacs] | *'''1894''' [https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/britain-jewish-commercial-directory-1894 Britain, Jewish Commercial Directory 1894] at Findmypast ($) | ||
*'''1894''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50939/thoms-directory-great-britain-ireland-1894?s=275764761 Thom's Directory Great Britain & Ireland 1894] at MyHeritage — index & images ($) | |||
*'''1914''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50938/thoms-directory-great-britain-ireland-1914?s=275764761 Thom's Directory Great Britain & Ireland 1914] at MyHeritage — index ($) | |||
*[http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/britain-directories-and-almanacs?_ga=1.110943041.553913357.1443808205 Britain, Directories and Almanacs] ($), index, incomplete. | |||
*[http://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/digital/collection/p16445coll4 Historical Directories of England & Wales], images | *[http://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/digital/collection/p16445coll4 Historical Directories of England & Wales], images | ||
*[http://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50939/thoms-directory-great-britain-ireland-1894?s=218489221 Thom's Directory Great Britain & Ireland 1894] ($), index | |||
*[http://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50939/thoms-directory-great-britain-ireland-1894?s=218489221 Thom's Directory Great Britain & Ireland 1894], ($), index | *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1547 U.K., City and County Directories, 1600s-1900s] ($), index | ||
*[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62438/ UK, Phone Book Indexes, 2001 and 2003] at Ancestry - index ($) | *[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62438/ UK, Phone Book Indexes, 2001 and 2003] at Ancestry - index ($) | ||
The publication of directories, originally alphabetical lists of the names and addresses of tradesmen, was very much a consequence of the growth of permanent shopping and trading centres in the 18th century. | The publication of directories, originally alphabetical lists of the names and addresses of tradesmen, was very much a consequence of the growth of permanent shopping and trading centres in the 18th century. | ||
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After an interval of some years William Holden, a coal merchant in Clerkenwell, who had started to publish directories of London under the title ''Triennial Directory'' in 1799, produced in 1805 a volume containing alphabetical directories for 84 towns. This went through several expanded and relatively expensive editions until 1811. His ambition was to produce a classified directory but most subscribers wanted an alphabetical list. | After an interval of some years William Holden, a coal merchant in Clerkenwell, who had started to publish directories of London under the title ''Triennial Directory'' in 1799, produced in 1805 a volume containing alphabetical directories for 84 towns. This went through several expanded and relatively expensive editions until 1811. His ambition was to produce a classified directory but most subscribers wanted an alphabetical list. | ||
The towns throughout the British Isles covered by these early national directories are listed in The ''British National Directories 1781-1819'' by Ian Maxted (Exeter, 1989) [not in | The towns throughout the British Isles covered by these early national directories are listed in The ''British National Directories 1781-1819'' by Ian Maxted (Exeter, 1989) [not in FS Library]. | ||
It was James Pigot, the printer of a long series of Manchester directories, who took up the production of national directories in 1814, stimulated by the prospect of revived foreign trade, producing a growing series that extended into Ireland and Scotland in 1820, and to London and the south-east in 1822-23. He published directories for groups of counties, including villages as well as towns, arranging the names by trade, making fresh surveys through agents every six or seven years, but re-issuing many in the intervals with only an addenda or a changed date. After 1840, in the face of ruthless competition from Kelly's directories Pigot slowly retreated to the north, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. He died in 1843 but had been in partnership with Isaac Salter since 1839. Their company continued until 1892 when it was taken over by Kelly's Directories Ltd. | It was James Pigot, the printer of a long series of Manchester directories, who took up the production of national directories in 1814, stimulated by the prospect of revived foreign trade, producing a growing series that extended into Ireland and Scotland in 1820, and to London and the south-east in 1822-23. He published directories for groups of counties, including villages as well as towns, arranging the names by trade, making fresh surveys through agents every six or seven years, but re-issuing many in the intervals with only an addenda or a changed date. After 1840, in the face of ruthless competition from Kelly's directories Pigot slowly retreated to the north, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. He died in 1843 but had been in partnership with Isaac Salter since 1839. Their company continued until 1892 when it was taken over by Kelly's Directories Ltd. | ||
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=== Collections of Directories === | === Collections of Directories === | ||
The | The FamilySearch Library has many directories. They are listed in the Place Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under one of the following:<br>ENGLAND - DIRECTORIES<br>ENGLAND, [COUNTY] - DIRECTORIES<br>ENGLAND, [COUNTY], [CITY] - DIRECTORIES | ||
A free digital library of local and trade directories for England and Wales, 1750-1919, has been placed online by the University of Leicester. The library seeks to provide at least one directory for each decade in the 1850s, 1890s and 1910s, but there are samples from years throughout the above period, with in depth coverage for Leicestershire and substantial coverage for London and Wales. Any maps in these directories have not been digitised. Visit [http://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/cdm/landingpage/collection/p16445coll4 Historical Directories of England & Wales] or [http://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/cdm/map/collection/p16445coll4 Map]. | A free digital library of local and trade directories for England and Wales, 1750-1919, has been placed online by the University of Leicester. The library seeks to provide at least one directory for each decade in the 1850s, 1890s and 1910s, but there are samples from years throughout the above period, with in depth coverage for Leicestershire and substantial coverage for London and Wales. Any maps in these directories have not been digitised. Visit [http://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/cdm/landingpage/collection/p16445coll4 Historical Directories of England & Wales] or [http://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/cdm/map/collection/p16445coll4 Map]. | ||
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=== Current Directories === | === Current Directories === | ||
Collective directories, covering churches, libraries, museums, newspapers, societies, and a wide variety of other organisations and activities, are also published. See ''Current British Directories ''(Beckenham, Kent, 14th ed. 2003) [ | Collective directories, covering churches, libraries, museums, newspapers, societies, and a wide variety of other organisations and activities, are also published. See ''Current British Directories ''(Beckenham, Kent, 14th ed. 2003) [FS Library has 10th ed. (1985) book 942 E43c]. Many are listed in the section 'Useful Publications' in the invaluable ''British Archives: a guide to archive resources in the United Kingdom'', by Janet Foster and Julia Sheppard (4th ed. 2002) [FS Library has 3rd ed. (1995) book 942 J54]. | ||
A national version of the 2008 Telephone Directory containing some 15 million names and addresses from residential and business telephone directories may be found online at http://www.192.com [see the article "Electoral Roll or Registers in England"]. | A national version of the 2008 Telephone Directory containing some 15 million names and addresses from residential and business telephone directories may be found online at http://www.192.com [see the article "Electoral Roll or Registers in England"]. | ||
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== Bibliography == | == Bibliography == | ||
Jane Elizabeth Norton, ''Guide to the National and Provincial Directories of England and Wales, excluding London, published before 1856 ''(Royal Historical Society, 1950) [FS Library book 942 C4rg].<br>Gareth Shaw and Alison Tipper,''British Directories: a bibliography and guide to directories published in England and Wales (1850-1950) and Scotland (1773-1950)'' (Leicester University Press, 1989) [FS Library book 942 E43s].<br>Ian Maxted, ''The British National Directories 1781-1819'' (Exeter, 1989) [not in | Jane Elizabeth Norton, ''Guide to the National and Provincial Directories of England and Wales, excluding London, published before 1856 ''(Royal Historical Society, 1950) [FS Library book 942 C4rg].<br>Gareth Shaw and Alison Tipper,''British Directories: a bibliography and guide to directories published in England and Wales (1850-1950) and Scotland (1773-1950)'' (Leicester University Press, 1989) [FS Library book 942 E43s].<br>Ian Maxted, ''The British National Directories 1781-1819'' (Exeter, 1989) [not in FS Library].<br>P.J. Atkins, ''The Directories of London 1677-1977 ''(New York, 1990) [FS Library book 942.1/L1 E43a]. | ||
[Adapted from Anthony Camp's article 'The history and value of genealogical records: all about directories' in ''Practical Family History'' (UK), no. 60 (December 2002) pages 23-25].<br> | [Adapted from Anthony Camp's article 'The history and value of genealogical records: all about directories' in ''Practical Family History'' (UK), no. 60 (December 2002) pages 23-25].<br> | ||