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In 1759 British troops from Fort Oswego were shipped along Lake Ontario to Fort Niagara. The British [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Niagara besieged Fort Niagara] for 19 days and captured it.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Battle of Fort Niagara" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Niagara (accessed 2 July 2011).</ref> This made the Mohawk Trail an important supply route from Albany to Fort Schuyler (Utica) to Fort Niagara. The '''''west fork''''' of the Mohawk Trail from Utica to Fort Niagara was about 212 miles (341 km) long. From Albany to Fort Niagara it was about 306 miles (492 km). | In 1759 British troops from Fort Oswego were shipped along Lake Ontario to Fort Niagara. The British [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Niagara besieged Fort Niagara] for 19 days and captured it.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Battle of Fort Niagara" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Niagara (accessed 2 July 2011).</ref> This made the Mohawk Trail an important supply route from Albany to Fort Schuyler (Utica) to Fort Niagara. The '''''west fork''''' of the Mohawk Trail from Utica to Fort Niagara was about 212 miles (341 km) long. From Albany to Fort Niagara it was about 306 miles (492 km). | ||
During and shortly after the [[Revolutionary War, 1775 to 1783|American Revolutionary War]] 1775-1783, many [[American Loyalists]] sought refuge from angry American neighbors by leaving for Canada. Those Loyalists from New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania that made it to [[Ontario Genealogy|Ontario]] usually reached there by following the Mohawk or Iroquois Trail.<ref>William Dollarhide, ''Map guide to American migration routes, 1735-1815'' (Bountiful, Utah : AGLL, c1997), 14. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38096564 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|660781|item|disp= | During and shortly after the [[Revolutionary War, 1775 to 1783|American Revolutionary War]] 1775-1783, many [[American Loyalists]] sought refuge from angry American neighbors by leaving for Canada. Those Loyalists from New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania that made it to [[Ontario Genealogy|Ontario]] usually reached there by following the Mohawk or Iroquois Trail.<ref>William Dollarhide, ''Map guide to American migration routes, 1735-1815'' (Bountiful, Utah : AGLL, c1997), 14. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38096564 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|660781|item|disp=FS Library Book 973 E3d}}.</ref> | ||
As American settlers moved west the two branches of the Mohawk Trail were used heavily. [[New York Genealogy|New York]] invested in road improvements from Albany to Utica in 1793.<ref>"The Mohawk Turnpike" in ''RootsWeb'' at http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~tqpeiffer/Documents/Ancestral%20Migration%20Archives/Migration%20Webpage%20Folder/%281%29%20NORTHEASTERN%20US%20ROUTES/Mohawk%20Turnpike.htm (accessed 2 July 2011).</ref> Further, in 1794 New York authorized work on the [[Great Genesee Road]] from Utica to Caledonia and after 1798 to Buffalo.<ref name="Rte5">Wikipedia contributors, "New York State Route 5" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_State_Route_5 (accessed 2 July 2011).</ref> The Genesee Road partially overlapped the west Fork of the Mohawk Trail as far as [[Albany County, New York Genealogy|Oneida]] and [[Madison County, New York Genealogy|Madison]] counties on its way to Fort Niagara. However, near [[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]] the original Mohawk Trail took a more northerly route. In 1797 a weekly [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stagecoach stagecoach] began service between Utica and Geneva on the Seneca/Ontario county line. Each leg of the round trip took three days.<ref>"The Way West Through Northern Seneca County," http://www.co.seneca.ny.us/history/The%20Way%20West%20Through%20Northern%20Seneca%20County.pdf (accessed 2 July 2011).</ref> In 1798 the [[Great Genesee Road|Great Genesee Road]] became a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toll_road turnpike], a high quality toll road under private control.<ref name="Rte5" /> | As American settlers moved west the two branches of the Mohawk Trail were used heavily. [[New York Genealogy|New York]] invested in road improvements from Albany to Utica in 1793.<ref>"The Mohawk Turnpike" in ''RootsWeb'' at http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~tqpeiffer/Documents/Ancestral%20Migration%20Archives/Migration%20Webpage%20Folder/%281%29%20NORTHEASTERN%20US%20ROUTES/Mohawk%20Turnpike.htm (accessed 2 July 2011).</ref> Further, in 1794 New York authorized work on the [[Great Genesee Road]] from Utica to Caledonia and after 1798 to Buffalo.<ref name="Rte5">Wikipedia contributors, "New York State Route 5" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_State_Route_5 (accessed 2 July 2011).</ref> The Genesee Road partially overlapped the west Fork of the Mohawk Trail as far as [[Albany County, New York Genealogy|Oneida]] and [[Madison County, New York Genealogy|Madison]] counties on its way to Fort Niagara. However, near [[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]] the original Mohawk Trail took a more northerly route. In 1797 a weekly [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stagecoach stagecoach] began service between Utica and Geneva on the Seneca/Ontario county line. Each leg of the round trip took three days.<ref>"The Way West Through Northern Seneca County," http://www.co.seneca.ny.us/history/The%20Way%20West%20Through%20Northern%20Seneca%20County.pdf (accessed 2 July 2011).</ref> In 1798 the [[Great Genesee Road|Great Genesee Road]] became a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toll_road turnpike], a high quality toll road under private control.<ref name="Rte5" /> | ||
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Many of the New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania [[American Loyalists|Loyalists]] who fled to [[Ontario Genealogy|Ontario]] during or shortly after the American Revolution followed the Great Trail. For a list of over 300 Loyalist families is the Niagara area of Ontario see: | Many of the New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania [[American Loyalists|Loyalists]] who fled to [[Ontario Genealogy|Ontario]] during or shortly after the American Revolution followed the Great Trail. For a list of over 300 Loyalist families is the Niagara area of Ontario see: | ||
*Norman K. Crowder, "1784-1785 Niagara Return" ''Early Ontario Settlers: A Source Book'' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publ., 1993), 132-42. {{FHL|632644|item|disp= | *Norman K. Crowder, "1784-1785 Niagara Return" ''Early Ontario Settlers: A Source Book'' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publ., 1993), 132-42. {{FHL|632644|item|disp=FS Library Book 971.3 H29c}}. Online at: [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48451/ Ancestry] ($); {{WorldCat|28416689|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}. | ||
No complete list of settlers in New York who used the '''Mohawk or Iroquois Trail''' is known to exist. Nevertheless, local and county histories along that trail may reveal pioneer settlers who arrived 1722 to 1850, and therefore who were the most likely candidates to have traveled the Great Genesee Road or Seneca Turnpike. | No complete list of settlers in New York who used the '''Mohawk or Iroquois Trail''' is known to exist. Nevertheless, local and county histories along that trail may reveal pioneer settlers who arrived 1722 to 1850, and therefore who were the most likely candidates to have traveled the Great Genesee Road or Seneca Turnpike. | ||
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'''''Oswego County''''' | '''''Oswego County''''' | ||
*Crisfield Johnson, ''History of Oswego County, New York, 1789-1877 : with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers'' (Philadelphia : L.H. Everts, 1877). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1302975 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|287027|item|disp= | *Crisfield Johnson, ''History of Oswego County, New York, 1789-1877 : with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers'' (Philadelphia : L.H. Everts, 1877). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1302975 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|287027|item|disp=FS Library Film 874492}}. Indexed in ''Index to History of Oswego County, New York'' (Salt Lake City : Family History Library, 1991). {{FHL|135331|item|disp=FS Library Fiche 6087924 (4 fiche); Book 974.767 H2j index}}. | ||
'''''Oneida County''''' | '''''Oneida County''''' | ||
*Samuel W. Durant, ''History of Oneida County, New York : with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers'' (Microreproduction of original published: Philadelphia : Everts & Fariss, 1878). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/15238689 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|240000|item|disp= | *Samuel W. Durant, ''History of Oneida County, New York : with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers'' (Microreproduction of original published: Philadelphia : Everts & Fariss, 1878). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/15238689 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|240000|item|disp=FS Library Film 823718}}. | ||
'''''Niagara County''''' | '''''Niagara County''''' | ||
*Samuel T. Wiley and W. Scott Garner, ''Biographical and portrait cyclopedia of Niagara County, New York'' (Microreproduction of original published: Philadelphia : Gresham Pub. Co., 1892). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3009409 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|317821|item|disp= | *Samuel T. Wiley and W. Scott Garner, ''Biographical and portrait cyclopedia of Niagara County, New York'' (Microreproduction of original published: Philadelphia : Gresham Pub. Co., 1892). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3009409 WorldCat entry]. {{FHL|317821|item|disp=FS Library Film 317821 Item 4}}. | ||
=== External Links === | === External Links === | ||
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