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Click here to download the Welsh database to a GEDCOM file on your computer. ([http://www.welshfamilyhistory.info/records/Welsh%20Families%20Project%20-%2026%20Mar%202008.ged/view '''GEDCOM''']) 
Click here to download the Welsh database to a GEDCOM file on your computer. ([http://www.welshfamilyhistory.info/records/Welsh%20Families%20Project%20-%2026%20Mar%202008.ged/view '''GEDCOM''']) 


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Base Data
 


Base Data<br>


The starting point for the Welsh database is Peter C. Bartrum’s two volumes, Welsh Genealogies 300 – 1400 and Welsh Genealogies 1400 – 1500, and his corrections and additions to these works. There are approximately 63,000 names entered from Bartrum’s volumes. As of March 2008 the file has 234,342 individuals, covering a period from about 100 A.D. to 1700 A.D.
The starting point for the Welsh database is Peter C. Bartrum’s two volumes, Welsh Genealogies 300 – 1400 and Welsh Genealogies 1400 – 1500, and his corrections and additions to these works. There are approximately 63,000 names entered from Bartrum’s volumes. As of March 2008 the file has 234,342 individuals, covering a period from about 100 A.D. to 1700 A.D.
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'''Unknown vs. Mr/Miss (son/daughter or Mrs)'''
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When an individual’s identity is unknown they appear in the file as [unknown]. If something is known about them, they are the heiress/heir of a specific estate or they had a second marriage, etc., they are placed in the file. (Example: [unknown] ferch Rhys, [unknown] ap Gruffudd, [unknown] Corbet). Also to identify mistresses they have been entered [mistress 1], [mistress 2], etc.
Unknown Names


Rarely have individuals been entered who have no identifying information and these individuals relate to individuals created by LDS temple work. (Example: Mrs. Anarawd ap Rhodri "Mawr") There are at present 269 of these individuals.


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'''Name Strings/Identifiers/Cognomen'''
An individual who is identified in a source, but is not named, appears in the file as “[unknown]”. Examples would be an individual who is the heiress/heir of a specific estate, or an unnamed spouse. Also, unnamed mistresses have been entered “[mistress 1]”, “[mistress 2]”, etc.


The patronymic system is treated as name strings, and placed entirely in the given name field. Identifiers or cognomens, i.e. “Llwyd”, “Gôch”, “Fychan”, etc., are set apart with quotations.
Name Strings/Identifiers/Cognomens


(I have seen pedigrees where these identifiers have been treated as separate individuals and a non-existent individual has been created. Example: Rhys ap Llwyd ap Gruffudd)
Patronymics, identifiers, and cognomens are included in one name string and placed in the given name field. Identifiers or cognomens are set apart in quotation marks (for example: “Llwyd”, “Gôch”, “Fychan”, etc.). [I have seen instances where identifiers or cognomens have been added in error as separate individuals.]


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Merch/Verch/Ferch


'''Merch vs. Verch vs. Ferch'''
All three terms are used to signify “daughter of”. All are correct but are used in different time periods. Rather than trying to decide which is the correct spelling for each time period, we have chosen to use “ferch” as the patronymic naming convention for females.


The word used for “daughter of” is merch or verch or ferch. Actually all the above are correct but are used in different time frames. Rather than try to sort every female according to time frame we chose to use ferch as part of the patronymics naming conventions for females.
Ap and Ab


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Ap and ab are used in male patronymics. If the father’s given name starts with a vowel, “ab” is used; if it starts with a consonant, “ap” is used (for example: Gruffud ab Iwuan, Gruffudd ap Rhys).


'''Ap and Ab'''
Vernacular
 
Ap and ab are used in the patronymics for males. If the father’s given name starts with a vowel (a, e, i, o u, w, y) “ab” is used, but if it starts with a consonant “ap” is used. (example: Gruffudd ab Ieuan, Gruffudd ap Rhys)
 
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'''Vernacular'''
 
Given names and surnames are entered in the vernacular spelling of the country rather than the English variations. Again Bartrum set the standard. Sometimes this has been difficult to determine especially with Irish/Danish names and the Marches of Wales. Also a standard spelling has been used up to the 1700s’. After 1700 the name is entered as the source shows with the exception of those still using patronymics, then the standard is used. (example: Gruffudd rather then Griffith, Rhys rather then Rice, Ieuan rather then Evan, Catrin rather then Catherine or Katherine). Alternate spellings are found as an AKA name. (AKAs can be found by turning on “Include Alternate Names” in the Options portion of the Name List or by using the icon found on the individual summary.)
 
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'''Surnames'''
 
If a surname is not established within two generations it has been treated as an alias. (Example: 1st generation, Harry ab William (alias Harry Williams), 2nd generation Robert ap Harry (alias Robert Parry). Also brothers may go by different surnames. There are also instances where “ap” is retained as part of the surname. If an established surname is dropped or added to by a generation, like in the requirement to inherit estates, the term formerly is used to show the former surname.
 
William Ap Rhys Harry ab William (alias Harry Williams) Walter Hopkins (formerly Walter ap Hopkin) Walter Jones (alias Walter Spicer) William Addams-Williams (formerly William Addams)
 
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'''Tribal Designations'''
 
Because of the size of the file and occurrence of the same name strings, the christening-place field is being used to record “Tribal Designations”. These tribal names were used by Bartrum. They are extremely helpful when a sources claim an individual descends from a particular tribe. Irish tribes in the file are broken down into “Clan” or “Sept” names.
 
Example:
 
{Marchudd} {Einion ap Llywarch} {Uí Néill, Sept Conaill Cremthainni}
 
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'''Locality'''
 
Locality names attempt to retain the vernacular Welsh spellings. The locality notes contain different spellings of the location, both English and various Welsh or other spellings found in the sources.
 
Example of vernacular spelling:
 
Swansea = Abertawe Abergavanney = Y Fenni Haverfordwest = Hwlffordd
 
<br>Example of Locality notes:
 
of, Llangadog, Carmarthenshire, Wales
 
AKA: Llangadog Fawr, Carmarthenshire, Wales AKA: Llangadock Vawr, Carmarthenshire, Wales AKA: Llangadoc, Carmarthenshire, Wales AKA: Llangadoc Vawr, Carmarthenshire, Wales AKA: Llangadock, Carmarthenshire, Wales
 
STATUS: civil parish CHAPELS: Capel Gwynfe, Capel Tydyst TOWNS: Gwarter-bach, Dyffryn Ceidrych, Esgob, Felindre, Fabon, Gwynfe, Sawdde, Uwch Sawdde
 
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'''General Notes'''
Following Bartrum’s practice, given names and surnames are entered in the vernacular rather in English translation. Sometimes it has been difficult to identify the vernacular, especially with Irish or Danish names and with names pertaining to the Marches of Wales. Standard spelling has been used for names prior to 1700. After 1700 patronymics are standardized but other names are given as shown in the source. Alternate spellings are entered as AKAs (which at present can only be viewed in the Deluxe Version of Legacy Family Tree). Examples are: Gruffudd rather than Griffith, Rhys rather than Rice, Ieuan rather and Evan, Catrin rather than Catherine or Katherine.


General notes contain information about the individual and usually have source information. Tags, which are in CAPS, are used to denote different types of information. They also contain discrepancies or errors that conflict between the various sources.
Surnames


General Note Examples of: Rhys "Hên" ap Gruffudd,
If a surname has not been established for at least two generations, it has been treated as an alias. Examples are: Harry ab William (alias Harry Williams), 2nd generation Robert ap Harry (alias Robert Parry). Brothers may go by different surnames. There are instances where “ap” is retained as part of the surname. If an established surname is dropped or added (as in the requirement to inherit estates), the term “formerly” is used to show the former surname. For example: William Ap Rhys, Harry ab William (alias Harry Williams, Walter Hopkins (formerly Walter ap Hopkins), Walter Jones (alias Walter Spicer), William Addams-Williams (formerly William Addams).


MILITARY: Wars and Battles&gt; He was actively involved in the Scottish expeditions between 1310 and 1341, and the French campaigns, not only as an organizer, but as a participant as one was the Welsh Captains. (Society of Cymmrodorion, Dictionary of Welsh Biography down to 1940, p. 839) OFFICE: Deputy of Gilbert, Lord Talbot, Justiciar of South and West Wales. (Evans, British Genealogist, book 8 p. H77) OFFICE: Steward of Cardigan, 1309. (Society of Cymmrodorion, Dictionary of Welsh Biography down to 1940, p. 839) OFFICE: Sheriff of Carmarthenshire, 1322. (Bartrum, Welsh Genealogies 300-1400, vol. 9 p. 682)
Tribal Designations


TITLES: Sir Knight; knighted between Jun and Nov 1346. (Society of Cymmrodorion, Dictionary of Welsh Biography down to 1940, p. 839)
Because of the frequent occurrence of identical name strings, we have continued Bartrum’s practice of including tribal designations. Tribal designations are recorded in the christening place field set off by curly brackets. Irish tribes in the file are further identified by “Clan” or “Sept” names. Examples are: {Marchudd}, {Einion ap Llywarch}, {Ui Néill, Sept Conaill Cremthainni}.


LIVING: 1328. (Shaw, History and Antiquities of Staffordshire, vol. 1 p. 126) LIVING: Paid homage at Carmarthen, 1343, as Baron by tenure. (Evans, British Genealogist, book 8 p. H77) RESIDENCE: Llangeler. (Thomas, Golden Grove MS, book 11 p. I1273) RESIDENCE: Llansadwrn (in Cantrefmawr), Wales. {Roots-file} RESIDENCE: Wichnor (in Tatenhill), Staffordshire {Wichnor, Tatenhill, Staffordshire, England}. {Roots-file} PROPERTY: He inherited the manor of Llansadwrn from his grandfather. (Society of Cymmrodorion, Dictionary of Welsh Biography down to 1940, p. 839) PROPERTY: By right of his wife he had Wichnor, Tantenhill, and Alrewas in Staffordshire; Great Benton, Witton-Underwood, in Northumberland; Burton Agnes in Yorkshire. (Douglas Richardson &lt;royalancestry@msn.com)
Locality Names


BURIAL: He died at Caerfyrddin where he was interred, possibly in the church of St. Peter where he grandfather was buried. (Society of Cymmrodorion, Dictionary of Welsh Biography down to 1940, p. 839) BURIAL: He was buried either in Polesworth Abbey or Caerfyrddin Priory. BURIAL: "seporltus est in Abbathia de Pottesworth, vet Sriorator apud Caermarden in Wallia". (Evans, British Genealogist, book 1 p. 275)
Locality names are in the Welsh vernacular. Locality notes include alternate spellings and English translations.


REMARKS: This Rhys "Hên" and his son Rhys "Ieuanc" seem in many sources to have been confused with each other. This error apparently occurs from the recording of both as "Rice Griffith, Rees Gruffydd, or Rhys Gruffudd" but not distinguishing the two generations. Thus wives and children have been wrongly placed and identified. REMARKS: For further reading about this man and his life see 'Dictionary of Welsh Biography' pages 839 and 840.
General Notes


(Research) IDENTITY: Conflict/Error&gt; Evans' 'British Genealogist' book 8 page H5 calls him Rhys "Ieuanc" to Ednyfed. (Research) KINSHIP: Conflict/Error&gt; Dwnn's 'Heraldic Visitations of Wales' volume 1 page 153 confuses his children and grandchildren, scrambling them with the wrong parents and placing them in the wrong generation. (Research) IDENTITY: Conflict/Error&gt; Dwnn's 'Heraldic Visitations of Wales' volume 1 page 251 calls him Rhys "Ieuanc" ap Gruffudd ap Sir Rhys "Hên" ap Gruffudd. The two generations of Rhys "Ieuanc" ap Gruffudd should be dropped from the name string on this page. (Research) KINSHIP: Conflict/Error&gt; Evan's 'British Genealogist' book 2 page B65 and book 3 page C93 confuses his children and grandchildren, scrambling them with the wrong parents and placing them in the wrong generation. (Research) KINSHIP: Conflict/Error&gt; Dwnn's 'Heraldic Visitations of Wales' volume 1 page 153 gives him a son John and a daughter Jane. Considering the scrambled descendent these two individual are probably children of one of his children. (Research) KINSHIP: Conflict/Error&gt; Thomas' 'Golden Grove MS' book 11 page I1237 gives him two sons named John. The first John is his great-grandson John Gruffudd. The existence of the second John is questionable. (Research) MARRIAGE: Conflict/Error&gt; Dwnn's 'Heraldic Visitations of Wales' volume 1 page 153 gives his wife as "Elsbeth v a choeyr Syr Elidir Ystackpwl". She appears to have been confused with the wife of his son Rhys "Ieuanc", Isabel Stackpole. (Research) MARRIAGE: Conflict/Error&gt; Thomas' 'Golden Grove MS' book 11 page I1237 gives him as wife Isabel Stackpole, but she was the wife of his son Rhys "Ieuanc".
General notes include source references and historical information. Notes are also used to point out conflicts or errors that occur in the sources. Tags, which are in CAPS, are used to identify the nature of the information in each note.<br>


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[[Category:Wales]]
[[Category:Wales]]
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