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''[[Mexico|Mexico]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[ | ''[[Mexico|Mexico]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Mexico_Military_Records|Military Records]]'' | ||
Military records identify individuals who served in the military or who were eligible for service. Most young men were required to serve in or register for military service in Mexico. Today there are three categories of service: career personnel; the draft for all 18 year olds, who serve for a limited time; and the rural militia that is recruited when needed. Evidence that an ancestor actually served may be found in family records, biographies, censuses, probate records, civil registration, and church records. | Military records identify individuals who served in the military or who were eligible for service. Most young men were required to serve in or register for military service in Mexico. Today there are three categories of service: career personnel; the draft for all 18 year olds, who serve for a limited time; and the rural militia that is recruited when needed. Evidence that an ancestor actually served may be found in family records, biographies, censuses, probate records, civil registration, and church records. | ||
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'''1761''' The Ejército De La Nueva España (The Army of New Spain) created. Before this only town militias that were organized as the need arose. | '''1761''' The Ejército De La Nueva España (The Army of New Spain) created. Before this only town militias that were organized as the need arose. | ||
'''1765''' Some Spanish troops added to the army in New Spain. | '''1765''' Some Spanish troops added to the army in New Spain. | ||
==== Mexican War of Independence, 1810 to 1821 ==== | ==== Mexican War of Independence, 1810 to 1821 ==== | ||
'''16 Sep 1810''' Parish Priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla’s Grito de Dolores (The Cry of Independence) gives way to the first uprising by Indians and mine workers in the pursuit for independence. The revolution begins. | '''16 Sep 1810''' Parish Priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla’s Grito de Dolores (The Cry of Independence) gives way to the first uprising by Indians and mine workers in the pursuit for independence. The revolution begins. | ||
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'''7 Nov 1821''' General Agustín de Iturbide orders the organization of the Ejército Mexicano (Mexican Army), an army mainly composed of soldiers who had left the Spanish forces and insurgents from villages that favored independence. | '''7 Nov 1821''' General Agustín de Iturbide orders the organization of the Ejército Mexicano (Mexican Army), an army mainly composed of soldiers who had left the Spanish forces and insurgents from villages that favored independence. | ||
'''1821''' Mexico wins independence from Spain. | '''1821''' Mexico wins independence from Spain. | ||
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'''1825''' The Spanish troops evacuate El Castillo de San Juan de Ulua. Spanish power ceases to exist in Mexico. | '''1825''' The Spanish troops evacuate El Castillo de San Juan de Ulua. Spanish power ceases to exist in Mexico. | ||
'''1829''' Spanish invade unsuccessfully. | '''1829''' Spanish invade unsuccessfully. | ||
==== Texas War of Independence, 1835 to 1836 ==== | ==== Texas War of Independence, 1835 to 1836 ==== | ||
'''1835-1836''' Texas rebels against Mexico and forms an independent state. | '''1835-1836''' Texas rebels against Mexico and forms an independent state. | ||
==== First French Invasion, 1838 ==== | ==== First French Invasion, 1838 ==== | ||
'''1838''' First French invasion. | '''1838''' First French invasion. | ||
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'''29 Dec 1845''' United States annexes Texas | '''29 Dec 1845''' United States annexes Texas | ||
==== Mexican War, 1846 to 1848 ==== | ==== Mexican War, 1846 to 1848 ==== | ||
'''1848''' The Mexican War. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the war with the United States, which gains upper northern Mexican territories. | '''1848''' The Mexican War. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the war with the United States, which gains upper northern Mexican territories. | ||
==== War of the Reformation, 1858 to 1860 ==== | ==== War of the Reformation, 1858 to 1860 ==== | ||
'''1858–1860''' The Reform Laws proclaimed by President Benito Juárez. Guerra de Reforma o de los Tres Años (War of the Reformation or The Three Years War). | '''1858–1860''' The Reform Laws proclaimed by President Benito Juárez. Guerra de Reforma o de los Tres Años (War of the Reformation or The Three Years War). | ||
'''1860''' General Jesús González Ortega, head of the Liberal Forces, disbands the old Ejército Mexicano (Mexican Army) and forms the Ejército Federal (Federal Army) to protect the government. This army later becomes the force President Profirio Díaz uses to suppress his enemies. | '''1860''' General Jesús González Ortega, head of the Liberal Forces, disbands the old Ejército Mexicano (Mexican Army) and forms the Ejército Federal (Federal Army) to protect the government. This army later becomes the force President Profirio Díaz uses to suppress his enemies. | ||
==== French Intervention in Mexico, 1862 to 1867 ==== | ==== French Intervention in Mexico, 1862 to 1867 ==== | ||
'''1862–1867''' Period of French Intervention. French troops capture Puebla and advance on Mexico City. The republican government retires to San Luis Potosí, then to Saltillo, and later to Monterrey. The French arrive in Mexico City and elect Maximilian of Hapsburg as emperor of Mexico. | '''1862–1867''' Period of French Intervention. French troops capture Puebla and advance on Mexico City. The republican government retires to San Luis Potosí, then to Saltillo, and later to Monterrey. The French arrive in Mexico City and elect Maximilian of Hapsburg as emperor of Mexico. | ||
'''1867''' Maximilian dies and French Intervention in Mexico ends. | '''1867''' Maximilian dies and French Intervention in Mexico ends. | ||
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'''1867–1911''' The era of Porfirio Díaz, dictator of Mexico. | '''1867–1911''' The era of Porfirio Díaz, dictator of Mexico. | ||
'''1913''' Creation of Ejército Constitucionalista (Constitutional Army), lead by Venustiano Carranza. The main objective of the army, created by the Plan de Guadalupe, was to overthrow the uprise of Victoriano Huerta. After this was accomplished it became part of the regular army. The Federal Army was disbanded by the Convenios de Teoloyucán (Treaty of Teoloyucan) after its defeat by the Constitucionalistas. On 23 September 1948 the name of the army forces was changed by decree to Ejército Mexicano (Mexican Army). | '''1913''' Creation of Ejército Constitucionalista (Constitutional Army), lead by Venustiano Carranza. The main objective of the army, created by the Plan de Guadalupe, was to overthrow the uprise of Victoriano Huerta. After this was accomplished it became part of the regular army. The Federal Army was disbanded by the Convenios de Teoloyucán (Treaty of Teoloyucan) after its defeat by the Constitucionalistas. On 23 September 1948 the name of the army forces was changed by decree to Ejército Mexicano (Mexican Army). | ||
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==== French Intervention in Mexico, 1911 to 1921 ==== | ==== French Intervention in Mexico, 1911 to 1921 ==== | ||
'''1911–1921''' The period of revolution, when Generals Francisco Villa, Francisco I. Madero, Emiliano Zapata, and Venustiano Carranza and Alvaro Obregón fight to create a government after the overthrow of President Porfirio Díaz. | '''1911–1921''' The period of revolution, when Generals Francisco Villa, Francisco I. Madero, Emiliano Zapata, and Venustiano Carranza and Alvaro Obregón fight to create a government after the overthrow of President Porfirio Díaz. | ||
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'''1929''' Ejército Escobarista (Escobarista’s Army) fought against President Portes Gil. | '''1929''' Ejército Escobarista (Escobarista’s Army) fought against President Portes Gil. | ||
==== World War II, 1942 to 1945 ==== | ==== World War II, 1942 to 1945 ==== | ||
'''1942–1945''' Second World War. Only squadron 201 from Mexico fights in the war. | '''1942–1945''' Second World War. Only squadron 201 from Mexico fights in the war. | ||
<br> For more historical information about the Mexican military, army, wars, and campaigns, search the Family History Library Catalog under: | |||
For more historical information about the Mexican military, army, wars, and campaigns, search the Family History Library Catalog under: | |||
MEXICO- MILITARY HISTORY | MEXICO- MILITARY HISTORY | ||
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''Hojas de Servicios Militares de América: Nueva España, 1786–1800'' ''(Lists of the Military Service of America: New Spain 1786–1800).'' Madrid, Spain: Servicio Nacional de Microfilm, 1971. (FHL films 1156334–1156342.) | ''Hojas de Servicios Militares de América: Nueva España, 1786–1800'' ''(Lists of the Military Service of America: New Spain 1786–1800).'' Madrid, Spain: Servicio Nacional de Microfilm, 1971. (FHL films 1156334–1156342.) | ||
These records include three important aspects: genealogies, records concerning the Spanish military organization of the Indies, and records of the military unit of the Dragones de España that include the soldiers’ name, age, health, rank, and other personal information. Some records list the soldiers’ parents, civil status, and employment. | These records include three important aspects: genealogies, records concerning the Spanish military organization of the Indies, and records of the military unit of the Dragones de España that include the soldiers’ name, age, health, rank, and other personal information. Some records list the soldiers’ parents, civil status, and employment. | ||
=== Availability === | === Availability === | ||
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'''National Archive of Simancas<br>'''C/Miravete, 8<br>47130 Simancas (Valladolid)<br>Spain<br>Telephone: 983 590 003 983 590 750<br>Email Address: [mailto:ags@cult.mec.es ags@cult.mec.es]<br>Internet: [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details.mvc/Offline?iaid=3373869&cref=PRO%2031%2F17 www.cultura.mecd.es/archivos/visitas/simancas/simancas.html] | '''National Archive of Simancas<br>'''C/Miravete, 8<br>47130 Simancas (Valladolid)<br>Spain<br>Telephone: 983 590 003 983 590 750<br>Email Address: [mailto:ags@cult.mec.es ags@cult.mec.es]<br>Internet: [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details.mvc/Offline?iaid=3373869&cref=PRO%2031%2F17 www.cultura.mecd.es/archivos/visitas/simancas/simancas.html] | ||
'''Servicio Histórico de Segovia <br>'''Archivo General Militar<br>Plaza Reina Victoria Eugenia s/n <br>C.P. 40071 Segovia<br>Spain<br>Internet: [http://www.ejercitodelaire.mde.es/ea/pag?idDoc=homeHIS http://members.aol.com/balboanet/spain/resource.html] | '''Servicio Histórico de Segovia <br>'''Archivo General Militar<br>Plaza Reina Victoria Eugenia s/n <br>C.P. 40071 Segovia<br>Spain<br>Internet: [http://www.ejercitodelaire.mde.es/ea/pag?idDoc=homeHIS http://members.aol.com/balboanet/spain/resource.html] | ||
'''Archivo General de Indias <br>'''Avda. De la Constitución <br>C.P. 41004 Sevilla<br>Spain <br>Internet: [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://www.mcu.es/archivos/MC/AGI/VisitaVirtual.html&ei=JUQkToIVh6KwA8XUtK8B&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCkQ7gEwAQ&prev=/search%3Fq%3DArchivo%2BGeneral%2Bde%2BIndias%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26hs%3Dx9U%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26prmd%3Divnsb http://www.cultura.mecd.es/archivos/visitas/indias/indias.html ] | '''Archivo General de Indias <br>'''Avda. De la Constitución <br>C.P. 41004 Sevilla<br>Spain <br>Internet: [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://www.mcu.es/archivos/MC/AGI/VisitaVirtual.html&ei=JUQkToIVh6KwA8XUtK8B&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCkQ7gEwAQ&prev=/search%3Fq%3DArchivo%2BGeneral%2Bde%2BIndias%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26hs%3Dx9U%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26prmd%3Divnsb http://www.cultura.mecd.es/archivos/visitas/indias/indias.html ] | ||
=== Locating Other Military Records === | === Locating Other Military Records === | ||
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''Hojas de Servicios Militares de América: Nueva España, 1786–1800'' ''(Military Service Records of America: New Spain, 1786–1800).'' Madrid, Spain: Servicio Nacional de Microfilm, 1971. (FHL films 1156334–1156342.) | ''Hojas de Servicios Militares de América: Nueva España, 1786–1800'' ''(Military Service Records of America: New Spain, 1786–1800).'' Madrid, Spain: Servicio Nacional de Microfilm, 1971. (FHL films 1156334–1156342.) | ||
{{Place|Mexico}} | {{Place|Mexico}} | ||
[[Category:Mexico|Military]] [[Category:Military_records|Mexico]] | [[Category:Mexico|Military]] [[Category:Military_records|Mexico]] | ||
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