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[[England]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[England Census: Further Information and Description|Census Further Information]][[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|Census Records Online]] | [[England]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[England Census: Further Information and Description|Census Further Information]][[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|Census Records Online]] | ||
[[Image:Census of the Population 1871 (England and Wales).png|thumb|right|300px]] | [[Image:Census of the Population 1871 (England and Wales).png|thumb|right|300px|Census of the Population 1871 (England and Wales).png]] | ||
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Although the 1841 census is of great value, it had some limitations. It was originally produced on blue paper and inscribed with pencil. Many of the original images on film were very poor but the digital quality has improved them. In the 1841 census, relationships were not given, the age of individuals older than 15 years was rounded down, and specific birthplaces were not provided. The 1851 census and subsequent censuses provide more detailed information, making it easier to find family members. | Although the 1841 census is of great value, it had some limitations. It was originally produced on blue paper and inscribed with pencil. Many of the original images on film were very poor but the digital quality has improved them. In the 1841 census, relationships were not given, the age of individuals older than 15 years was rounded down, and specific birthplaces were not provided. The 1851 census and subsequent censuses provide more detailed information, making it easier to find family members. | ||
The percentages shown in the chart to the right are the percentage of increase in population since the previous census year.<br>{{further|England Census: Further Information and Description{{!}}Further Information and Description|Lost or Missing England Census Records}} | The percentages shown in the chart to the right are the percentage of increase in population since the previous census year.<br>{{further|England Census: Further Information and Description{{!}}Further Information and Description|Lost or Missing England Census Records}} | ||
== Understanding the Census == | == Understanding the Census == | ||
[[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|259x327px]] | [[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|259x327px|Brompton5.jpg]] | ||
Instructions to the census taker were to list only those persons who spent the night in each household when the census was taken. Those traveling, staying at boarding schools, or working away from home were listed where they spent the night. For example, night watchmen are often listed under their employer’s business address rather than with their families. Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | Instructions to the census taker were to list only those persons who spent the night in each household when the census was taken. Those traveling, staying at boarding schools, or working away from home were listed where they spent the night. For example, night watchmen are often listed under their employer’s business address rather than with their families. Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | ||
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The following information can be found in the censuses: | The following information can be found in the censuses: | ||
==== Pre-1841 Census ==== | ==== Pre-1841 Census ==== | ||
There are only a few name lists created on the parish level for the census years 1801, 1811, 1821, 1831. | |||
There are only a few name lists created on the parish level for the census years 1801, 1811, 1821, 1831. The few surviving pre-1841 censuses generally contain only names of the head-of-household. Consult an archive in your county to determine what may be available or information on pre-1841 census records can be found in: | |||
*Chapman, Colin R., ''Pre-1841 Censuses and Population Listings in the British Isles''. Dursley, Gloucestershire, England : Lochin Publishing, 1998 (5th ed). (Family History Library book {{FHL|825423|title-id|disp=942 X27cc, 1998}}) | *Chapman, Colin R., ''Pre-1841 Censuses and Population Listings in the British Isles''. Dursley, Gloucestershire, England : Lochin Publishing, 1998 (5th ed). (Family History Library book {{FHL|825423|title-id|disp=942 X27cc, 1998}}) | ||
The 1831 census was collated by the census office and the resulting Parish Register Abstracts form an important part of the published census material, because from it alone, the clergymen's manuscript returns have survived. The records are held at [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/default.asp?source=ddmenu_search3&j=1 The National Archives of the UK] under 'Clergymen's returns of 1831' (HO71/1-HO71/124.) | The 1831 census was collated by the census office and the resulting Parish Register Abstracts form an important part of the published census material, because from it alone, the clergymen's manuscript returns have survived. The records are held at [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/default.asp?source=ddmenu_search3&j=1 The National Archives of the UK] under 'Clergymen's returns of 1831' (HO71/1-HO71/124.) | ||
There is statistical data available for every parish in the | There is statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. Consult [[Online Historical Population Reports]] article for further details. | ||
==== 1841 ==== | ==== 1841 ==== | ||
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This census was conducted by the Registrar General and has the identifying marks of "HO" which stands for 'Home Office'. The returns were sorted and copied into enumerator's books in the format seen today in the digitized online records. | This census was conducted by the Registrar General and has the identifying marks of "HO" which stands for 'Home Office'. The returns were sorted and copied into enumerator's books in the format seen today in the digitized online records. | ||
'''A wiki article describing an online collection is found at:''' | |||
[https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/England_and_Wales_1841_Census_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records) England and Wales Census, 1841 (FamilySearch Historical Records)] | |||
==== 1851 to 1901 ==== | ==== 1851 to 1901 ==== | ||
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*The 1911 Census was the first census where original forms were kept. Handwriting is that of ancestor. | *The 1911 Census was the first census where original forms were kept. Handwriting is that of ancestor. | ||
== Statistical Data Gathered from the Census == | == Statistical Data Gathered from the Census == | ||
There is statistical data available for every census year from 1801 to 1931 on [[Histpop]] - the [[Online Historical Population Reports]] (OHPR) website. The statistical data records the number of houses, families, people, and other statistical data for every parish in England. It allows one to see the growth of parishes and regions from census year to census year. | There is statistical data available for every census year from 1801 to 1931 on [[Histpop]] - the [[Online Historical Population Reports]] (OHPR) website. The statistical data records the number of houses, families, people, and other statistical data for every parish in England. It allows one to see the growth of parishes and regions from census year to census year. | ||
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== Finding and Using Census Indexes == | == Finding and Using Census Indexes == | ||
[[Image:Osmotherley1.jpg|right|200px]] Many repositories, including the Family History Library, hold a number of indexes to the census records. They may be: | [[Image:Osmotherley1.jpg|right|200px|Osmotherley1.jpg]] Many repositories, including the Family History Library, hold a number of indexes to the census records. They may be: | ||
*Original Census records from 1841-1891 | *Original Census records from 1841-1891 | ||
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Several websites have now published online many of the census indexes and records from 1841-1911. The sites are as follows: | Several websites have now published online many of the census indexes and records from 1841-1911. The sites are as follows: | ||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/list#page=1®ion=EUROPE www.familysearch.org] - 1881 census free; (for the more effective searches<ref> [http://britishheritage4um.blogspot.com/2011/08/ten-powerful-search-features-in.html ''TEN POWERFUL “SEARCH” FEATURES IN THE FAMILYSEARCH.ORG SEARCH ENGINE!'']</ref>)<br> | *[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/list#page=1®ion=EUROPE www.familysearch.org] - 1881 census free; (for the more effective searches<ref> [http://britishheritage4um.blogspot.com/2011/08/ten-powerful-search-features-in.html ''TEN POWERFUL “SEARCH” FEATURES IN THE FAMILYSEARCH.ORG SEARCH ENGINE!'']</ref>)<br> | ||
**[[England and Wales 1841 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1841]], [[England and Wales 1851 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1851]], [[England and Wales 1861 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1861]], [[England and Wales 1871 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1871]], [[England and Wales 1881 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1881]], [[England and Wales 1891 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1891]], [[England and Wales Census, 1901 (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1901]] and [[England and Wales Census, 1911 (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1911]] (click on a year for more information about the index database) | **[[England and Wales 1841 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1841]], [[England and Wales 1851 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1851]], [[England and Wales 1861 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1861]], [[England and Wales 1871 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1871]], [[England and Wales 1881 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1881]], [[England and Wales 1891 Census (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1891]], [[England and Wales Census, 1901 (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1901]] and [[England and Wales Census, 1911 (FamilySearch Historical Records)|1911]] (click on a year for more information about the index database) | ||
*[http://search.ancestry.co.uk/search/grouplist.aspx?group=ukicen www.ancestry.co.uk] | *[http://search.ancestry.co.uk/search/grouplist.aspx?group=ukicen www.ancestry.co.uk] | ||
*[http://www.origins.net www.origins.net] | *[http://www.origins.net www.origins.net] | ||
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For more details about each website, see [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|England Census Records and Indexes Online]] | For more details about each website, see [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|England Census Records and Indexes Online]] | ||
{{England_Census_Surname_County_Links}} | {{England_Census_Surname_County_Links}} | ||
== Online Tutorials == | == Online Tutorials == | ||