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''[[United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Massachusetts]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] '''[[Massachusetts_Emigration_and_Immigration|Emigration and Immigration]]'''''  
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==How to Find the Records==
=== Online Resources ===
*'''1500s-1900s''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7486/?arrival=_massachusetts-usa_24&count=50 All U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s] at Ancestry - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Massachusetts; ''Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10017/passenger-immigration-lists-1500-1900?s=1&formId=pili&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Massachusetts+epmo.similar MyHeritage]''; index only ($)
*'''1620''' [https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/massachusetts-mayflower-passengers-1620 Massachusetts, Mayflower Passengers 1620] at Findmypast - index & images ($)
*'''1620''' [https://www.massmayflower.org/index.php/research-resources-education/mayflower-passengers Mayflower Passengers]
*'''1620-1640''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=48127 The Planters of the Commonwealth in Massachusetts, 1620-1640] at Ancestry - index only ($)
*'''1620-1640''' [http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/ProtectionSearch.cfm Seaman's Protection Certificate Register Database], 1796-1871
*'''1630''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=48245 The Winthrop Fleet of 1630] at Ancestry - index only ($)
*'''1638-1905''' [http://www.immigrantships.net/arrivals/boston.html Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild Boston Arrivals Vol. 1]
::'''1634-1903''' [http://www.immigrantships.net/v2/arrivalsv2/bostonv2.html Vol. 2]
::'''1635-1909''' [http://www.immigrantships.net/v3/arrivalsv3/bostonv3.html Vol. 3]
::'''1683-1920''' [http://www.immigrantships.net/v4/arrivalsv4/bostonv4.html Vol.4]
::'''1826-1905''' [http://www.immigrantships.net/v5/arrivalsv5/bostonv5.html Vol. 5]
::'''1847-1923''' [http://www.immigrantships.net/v6/arrivalsv6/bostonv6.html Vol. 6]
*'''1700-1775''' [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/476920-redirection Immigrants to New England, 1700-1775], e-book
*'''1797-1934''' {{RecordSearch|2302948|Massachusetts, Salem and Beverly Crew Lists and Shipping Articles, 1797-1934}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Salem and Beverly Crew Lists and Shipping Articles - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
*'''1797-1934''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61858/ Salem and Beverly, Massachusetts, Crew Lists and Shipping Articles, 1797-1934] at Ancestry - index & images ($)
*'''1806-1910''' {{FSC|2822167|item|disp=Massachusetts, passenger lists, 1806-1910}}
*'''1807-1927''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-20300/massachusetts-whaling-crew-lists-1807-1927?s=275764761 Massachusetts Whaling Crew Lists, 1807-1927] at MyHeritage — index & images ($)
*'''1811-1921''' {{RecordSearch|2216301|Massachusetts, Boston, Crew Lists, 1811-1921}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Boston, Crew Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
*'''1820-1870''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10373/atlantic-gulf-ports-passenger-list-card-index-1820-1870?s=275764761 Atlantic and Gulf Ports, Passenger List Card Index, 1820-1870] at MyHeritage - index & images ($)
*'''1820-1891''' {{RecordSearch|1860873|Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists, 1820-1891}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists, 1820-1891 - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images; ''Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10376/boston-massachusetts-passenger-lists-1820-1891?s=1&formId=collection_10376:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.massachusetts+epmo.similar&qevents=List MyHeritage]''; index & images ($)
*'''1820-1943''' [http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/massachusetts-boston-passenger-lists-1820-1943 Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists, 1820-1943] at Findmypast - index & images ($)
*'''1824''' [https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/35/boston-ma-sea-fencibles-signal-roll-1824 Boston, MA: Sea Fencibles' Signal Roll, 1824] at American Ancestors — index ($)
*'''1829-1957''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-20348/new-england-passenger-crew-lists?s=275764761 New England, Passenger and Crew Lists] at MyHeritage — index & images ($)
*'''1837-1965''' {{RecordSearch|2303027|Maine & Massachusetts Case Files of Deceased and Deserted Seamen 1837-1965}} at FamilySearch - [[Maine and Massachusetts, Case Files of Deceased and Deserted Seamen - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images only
*'''1847-1851''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=48061 A List of Alien Passengers Bonded from January 1, 1847, to January 1, 1851] at Ancestry - index only ($)
*'''1847-2853''' [https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/150/boston-ma-lists-of-alien-passengers-to-the-port-of-boston-1847-1852 Boston, MA: Lists of Alien Passengers to the Port of Boston, 1847-1852] at American Ancestors - index($)
*'''1848-1851''' {{FSC|61249|item|disp=An Abstract of the list of alien passengers, bonded underthe law of May 10, 1848 : ... with their names, ages, occupation, birthplace, last residence, name of vessel in which they arrived, and where from; also, the names of obligors and their residences}}, images
*'''1848-1891''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-20681/massachusetts-boston-passenger-manifests-1848-1891?s=275764761 Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Manifests, 1848-1891] at MyHeritage — index ($)
*'''1848-1891''' {{RecordSearch|2304666|Massachusetts, Index to Boston Passenger Lists, 1848-1891}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists, 1820-1891 - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images {{FSC|1359597|item|disp=See date range of each film}}
*'''1848-1891''' [http://www.sec.state.ma.us/arc/arcsrch/PassengerManifestSearchContents.html Massachusetts State Archives Passenger Manifest (1848-1891)]; index, incomplete
*'''1848-1891''' [http://www.sec.state.ma.us/ArchivesSearch/Passengermanifest.aspx Passenger Manifest Lists (1848-1891)]
*'''1882-1929''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1361/ U.S, Boston Arrivals of Jewish Immigrants from HIAS Records, 1882-1929] at Ancestry - index ($)
*'''1891-1943''' {{RecordSearch|1923995|Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists, 1891-1943}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists, 1820-1891 - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images; ''Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10707/boston-massachusetts-passenger-lists-1891-1943?s=1&formId=collection_10707:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.massachusetts+epmo.similar&qevents=List MyHeritage]''; index & images ($)
*'''1895-1956''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10942/united-states-border-crossings-from-canada-1895-1956?s=1&formId=collection_10942:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.Massachusetts+epmo.similar&qevents=List United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956] at MyHeritage - index & images ($); includes those with Destination of Massachusetts
*'''1899-1940''' {{RecordSearch|2173946|Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists Index, 1899-1940}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists Index - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images; ''Also at [https://www.findmypast.com/search/results?datasetname=united%20states%2c%20passenger%20and%20crew%20lists&state=massachusetts&datasettitle=massachusetts%2c%20boston%20passenger%20lists%201899-1940&sid=999 Findmypast]''; index & images ($)
*'''1899-1940''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1909 Book Indexes to Boston Passenger Lists, 1899-1940] at Ancestry - index & images ($)
*'''1902-1943''' {{RecordSearch|3465361|Massachusetts, New Bedford Passenger and Crew Lists, 1902-1943}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, New Bedford Passenger and Crew Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
*'''1906-1943''' {{RecordSearch|3477643|Massachusetts, Gloucester Passenger and Crew Lists, 1906-1943}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Gloucester Passenger and Crew Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
*'''1911-1954''' {{RecordSearch|2072112|United States, New England Passenger and Crew Lists, 1911-1954}} at FamilySearch - [[United States, New England Passenger and Crew Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
*'''1917-1943''' {{RecordSearch|2173944|Massachusetts, Boston Crew Lists, 1917-1943}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Boston, Crew Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
*'''1917-1943''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1071 Massachusetts Crew Lists, 1917-1943] at Ancestry - index & images ($)
*'''1917-1943''' {{FSC|573388|item|disp=Crew lists of vessels arriving in New Bedford, Massachusetts, 1917-1943}}, images
*'''1918-1920''' {{FSC|573441|item|disp=Crew lists of vessels arriving at Gloucester, Massachusetts, 1918-1920}}, images
*'''1921-1949''' {{RecordSearch|2526178|Massachusetts, Index to Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at Boston, 1921-1949}} at FamilySearch - [[Massachusetts, Index to Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at Boston - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
*'''1949-1957''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=9215 Massachusetts, Passenger and Crew Lists, 1949-1957] at Ancestry - index & images ($)
*[https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=1gEPDH-Y5EEmL_78yhM2a4zc81C6_yVU&ll=2.0214455198272887%2C156.72834639000985&z=3 World Passenger Lists Map]
*[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10119/immigrant-ships-transcribers-guild?s=1&formId=istg&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.massachusetts+epmo.similar Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild] at MyHeritage - index only ($)
*[https://www.findmypast.com/search/results?datasetname=united%20states%2c%20passenger%20and%20crew%20lists&datasettitle=new%20england%20passenger%20and%20crew%20lists&sid=999 United States, Passenger and Crew Lists - New England Passenger And Crew Lists] at Findmypast - index & images ($)
====Cultural Groups====
*[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/49091/ British Aliens in the United States During the War of 1812], e-book
*[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10019/germans-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Massachusetts+epmo.similar Germans Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Massachusetts
*[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10030/italians-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili,immigration-norels&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Massachusetts+epmo.similar Italians Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Massachusetts
*[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10029/russians-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili,immigration-norels&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Massachusetts+epmo.similar Russians Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Massachusetts
*'''1882-1929''' {{FSC|1050948|item|disp=Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society card file I-96, 1882-1929}}
*'''1920-1939''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10924/germany-bremen-emigration-lists-1920-1939?s=1&formId=collection_10924:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.Massachusetts+epmo.similar&qevents=List Germany, Bremen Emigration Lists, 1920-1939] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Massachusetts


{{Indexing badge
==== Passport Records Online  ====
| layout = horizontal
*'''1795-1925''' {{RecordSearch|2185145|United States Passport Applications, 1795-1925}} at FamilySearch - [[United States, Passport Applications - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
| link = https://indexing.familysearch.org/projtab/viewProject.jsf?url=USMassachusetts-BPassengeLists1820-1891/ProjectHelp1.html
*'''1795-1925''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1174 U.S. Passport Applications, 1795-1925] Index and images, at Ancestry ($)
| name = US, Massachusetts—Boston Passenger Lists 1820-1891
}}


For information about immigrants, see:
====Digital Books====
*{{FSC|283833|item|disp=Planters of the Commonwealth: ''Emigrants to New England in Colonial Times''}}. Second item on the roll.
*{{FSC|22717|item|disp=''The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1623–1633''}}
*{{FSC|773852|item|disp=''The Complete Book of Emigrants, 1607–1776, and Emigrants in Bondage 1614–1775''}}
*{{FSC|328742|item|disp=''Immigrants to New England, 1700–1775''}}
*{{FSC|287914|item|disp=''Passengers to America. A Consolidation of Ship Passenger Lists from the New England Historical and Genealogical Register.''}}


The United States Research. The "[[United States Emigration and Immigration|Emigration and Immigration]]" section lists national sources that include many references to Massachusetts settlers.
===Offices to Contact===
Although many records are included in the online records listed above, there are other records available through these archives and offices. For example, there are many minor ports that have not yet been digitized. There are also records for more recent time periods. For privacy reasons, some records can only be accessed after providing proof that your ancestor is now deceased.
====National Archives and Records Administration====
*The [https://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/overview '''National Archives (NARA)'''] has immigration records for arrivals to the United States from foreign ports between approximately 1820 and 1982. The records are arranged by [https://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/passenger-arrival.html#https://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/passenger-arrival.html#where '''Port of Arrival (See Part 5).''']
:*You may do research in immigration records in person at the National Archives Building, 700 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20408-0001. 
*Some [https://www.archives.gov/locations '''National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) regional facilities'''] have selected immigration records; call to verify their availability or check the online Microfilm Catalog.
*Libraries with large genealogical collections, such as the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog '''FamilySearch Library in Salt Lake City, Utah'''] and the [https://acpl-cms.wise.oclc.org/genealogy '''Allen County Piblic Library'''] also have selected NARA microfilm publications.
:*Order copies of passenger arrival records with [https://www.archives.gov/files/forms/pdf/natf-81.pdf '''NATF Form 81'''.]
=====Massachusetts Ports in NARA Records=====


[[Tracing Immigrant Origins|Tracing Immigrant Origins]] introduces the principles, search strategies, and additional record types you can use to identify an immigrant ancestor's original hometown.
Many of these port records are included in the [[Massachusetts Emigration and Immigration#Online Resources|online records listed above.]]


=== People ===
*[https://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/ports Port of Entry]. "Various NARA microfilm publications reproduce passenger arrival records and/or vessel crew lists from the water or land borders from 1800-1982. Discover what records have been digitized and are available for online use by selecting a location."


'''1600s'''. [[A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England|Early settlers]] of Massachusetts generally came from England and Scotland and the other New England states. Plymouth Colony was first settled in 1620. From 1630 to 1642, fifteen to twenty thousand people settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.  
====U.S. Citizenship and and Immigration Services Genealogy Program====
The [https://www.uscis.gov/records/genealogy '''USCIS Genealogy Program'''] is a fee-for-service program that provides researchers with timely access to historical immigration and naturalization records of deceased immigrants. If the immigrant was born less than 100 years ago, you will also need to provide proof of his/her death.
=====Immigration Records Available=====
*[https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/genealogy/historical-record-series/a-files-numbered-below-8-million '''A-Files:'''] Immigrant Files, (A-Files) are the individual alien case files, which became the official file for all immigration records created or consolidated since April 1, 1944.
*[https://www.uscis.gov/records/genealogy/historical-record-series/alien-registration-forms-on-microfilm-1940-1944 '''Alien Registration Forms (AR-2s):'''] Alien Registration Forms (Form AR-2) are copies of approximately 5.5 million Alien Registration Forms completed by all aliens age 14 and older, residing in or entering the United States between August 1, 1940 and March 31, 1944.
*[https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/genealogy/historical-record-series/registry-files-march-2-1929-march-31-1944''' Registry Files:'''] Registry Files are records, which document the creation of immigrant arrival records for persons who entered the United States prior to July 1, 1924, and for whom no arrival record could later be found.
*[https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/genealogy/historical-record-series/visa-files-july-1-1924-march-31-1944'''Visa Files:'''] Visa Files are original arrival records of immigrants admitted for permanent residence under provisions of the Immigration Act of 1924.<ref>"Genealogy", at USCIS, https://www.uscis.gov/records/genealogy, accessed 26 March 2021.</ref>


'''Up to 1880'''. Significant immigration from other European countries began in the 1840s, when many people came to work in the textile mills. Prior to 1880 about 95 percent of the overseas immigrants to Massachusetts came from Britain, Ireland, and northern Europe. The Irish were the largest immigrant group from the late 1840s through the rest of the 19th century. In the 1870s large numbers of Canadians, especially French Canadians, began to move overland into the state.  
=====Requesting a Record=====
*[https://genealogy.uscis.dhs.gov/ '''Web Request Page'''] allows you to request a records, pay fees, and upload supporting documents (proof of death).
*[https://www.uscis.gov/records/genealogy/genealogical-records-help/record-requests-frequently-asked-questions '''Record Requests Frequently Asked Questions''']


'''After 1880'''. A significant change in immigration patterns occurred after 1880. A wave of Italian and Portuguese immigration began in the late 1880s and reached its high point just prior to World War I. Russians, Russian Jews, and people from Poland and other Slavic countries came in large numbers in the early 20th century. In 1907, for example, 80 percent of the immigrants to Massachusetts were from southern and eastern Europe.
==Finding Town of Origin==
Records in the countries emigrated from are kept on the local level. You must first identify the '''name of the town''' where your ancestors lived to access those records. If you do not yet know the name of the town of your ancestor's birth, there are well-known strategies for a thorough hunt for it.
*[[U. S. Immigration Records: Finding the Town of Origin|'''U. S. Immigration Records: Finding the Town of Origin''']]


An especially helpful source on immigration and ethnic groups in Massachusetts is:
==Background==


Thayer, Mrs. Nathaniel. ''The Immigrants (1830-1929)'' in Volume 4 of Commonwealth History of Massachusetts, pp. 142–71. Edited by Albert B. Hart. New York, NY: The States History Company, 1930. {{FHL|656150|item|disp=FHL book 974.4 H2ha}}
'''1600s'''. [[A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England|Early settlers]] of Massachusetts generally came from England and Scotland and the other New England states. Plymouth Colony was first settled in 1620. From 1630 to 1642, fifteen to twenty thousand people settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.  


=== Records  ===
'''Up to 1880'''. Significant immigration from other European countries began in the 1840s, when many people came to work in the textile mills. Prior to 1880 about 95 percent of the overseas immigrants to Massachusetts came from Britain, Ireland, and northern Europe. The Irish were the largest immigrant group from the late 1840s through the rest of the 19th century. In the 1870s large numbers of Canadians, especially French Canadians, began to move overland into the state.


'''Boston Passenger Lists'''. Boston is the major port of entry to New England. The Family History Library and the National Archives have passenger lists for Boston from 1820 to March 1874 and from 1883 to 1943. See the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under MASSACHUSETTS, SUFFOLK, BOSTON - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION.  
'''After 1880'''. A significant change in immigration patterns occurred after 1880. A wave of Italian and Portuguese immigration began in the late 1880s and reached its high point just prior to World War I. Russians, Russian Jews, and people from Poland and other Slavic countries came in large numbers in the early 20th century. In 1907, for example, 80 percent of the immigrants to Massachusetts were from southern and eastern Europe.
===Cultural Groups===
*As late as 1795, the population of Massachusetts was nearly 95% of '''English ancestry'''.
*During the early and mid-19th century, immigrant groups began arriving in Massachusetts in large numbers; '''first from Ireland in the 1840s'''. Today the Irish and part-Irish are the largest ancestry group in the state at nearly 25% of the total population.
*Others arrived later from '''Quebec''', as well as places in Europe such as '''Italy, Portugal, and Poland'''.
*In the early 20th century, a number of '''African Americans'''' migrated to Massachusetts, although in somewhat fewer numbers than many other Northern states.
*Later in the 20th century, immigration from '''Latin America''' increased considerably.
*More than 156,000 '''Chinese Americans''' made their home in Massachusetts in 2014, and Boston hosts a growing Chinatown.
*Massachusetts also has large '''Dominican, Puerto Rican, Haitian, Cabo Verdean and Brazilian''' populations.  
*'''Italians''' form the second-largest ethnic group in the state (13.5%), but form a plurality only in some suburbs north of Boston and in a few towns in the Berkshires.
*'''French and French Canadians''' also form a significant part (10.7%), with sizable populations in Bristol, Hampden, and Worcester Counties.
*Lowell is home to the second-largest '''Cambodian''' community of the nation.
*Massachusetts is home to a small community of '''Greek Americans''' as well. According to the American Community Survey there are 83,701 of them scattered along the state (1.2% of the total state population).<ref>"Massachusetts: Race and Ancestry", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts, accessed 1 April 2021.</ref>


*{{RecordSearch|1860873|Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists, 1820-1891}} is available online from FamilySearch.
==Immigration Records==
'''Immigration''' refers to people coming into a country. '''Emigration''' refers to people leaving a country to go to another.  Immigration records usually take the form of ship's '''passenger lists''' collected at the port of entry. See [[Maryland Emigration and Immigration#Online Databases and Resources|'''Online Databases and Resources'''.]]
===What can I find in them?===
====[[Maryland Emigration and Immigration #Online Databases and Resources|Information in Passenger Lists]]====
*'''Before 1820''' - Passenger lists before 1820 included '''name, departure information and arrival details'''.  The names of wives and children were often not included.


'''Indexes to Boston Passenger Lists'''. These indexes are also available:
*'''1820-1891''' - Customs Passenger Lists between 1820 and 1891 asked for '''each immigrant’s name, their age, their sex, their occupation, and their country of origin''', but not the city or town of origin.


'''Index for 1820-1874'''<nowiki>:</nowiki>
*'''1891-1954''' - Information given on passenger lists from 1891 to 1954 included:
**name, age, sex,
**nationality, occupation, marital status,
**last residence, final destination in the U.S.,
**whether they had been to the U.S. before (and if so, when, where and how long),
**if joining a relative, who this person was, where they lived, and their relationship,
**whether able to read and write,
**whether in possession of a train ticket to their final destination, who paid for the passage,
**amount of money the immigrant had in their possession,
**whether the passenger had ever been in prison, a poorhouse, or in an institution for the insane,
**whether the passenger was a polygamist,
**and immigrant's state of health.


United States, Bureau of Customs. ''A Supplemental Index to Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at Atlantic &amp; Gulf Coast Ports (excluding New York) 1820–1874''. Washington, DC: National Archives Records Services, 1960. {{FHL|67478|item|disp=FHL films 418161–348}} This is listed in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under UNITED STATES - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION - INDEXES.  
*'''1906--'''  - In 1906, the '''physical description and place of birth''' were included, and a year later, the '''name and address of the passenger’s closest living relative in the country of origin''' was included.


'''Index for 1848-1891'''<nowiki>:</nowiki>
====[[Maryland Emigration and Immigration#Passport Records Online|Information in Passports]]  ====
Over the years, passports and passport applications contained different amounts of information about the passport applicant. The first passports that are available begin in 1795. These usually contained the individual's name, description of individual, and age. More information was required on later passport applications, such as:  


Bureau of Customs. ''Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at Boston, 1820–1891: with index 1848–1891''. Washington, DC: National Archives Record Service, 1959–1960. {{FHL|70879|item|disp=FHL film 205656 (first of 397 films}} This is listed in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under MASSACHUSETTS, SUFFOLK, BOSTON - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION.
*Birthplace 
*Birth date
*Naturalization information
*Arrival information, if foreign born


The 1848–1891 index (above) to the state passenger lists can also be used to access the National Archives records.  
==In-country Migration==
*[https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/537/nehgs-nexus-new-england-across-the-united-states NEHGS NEXUS: New England Across the United States] at American Ancestors - index & images ($)
*''An index of pioneers from Massachusetts to the west, especially the state of Michigan''. '''Online at:''' [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/idurl/1/240532 FamilySearch Digital Library], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1007/ Ancestry] ($).


Boston passenger lists for 1848–1891 are also at the [http://www.sec.state.ma.us/arc/arcsrch/PassengerManifestSearchContents.html Massachusetts State Archives]. These include records for the nine years missing from the National Archives records.
*[[New England Emigrant Aid Company]] - Kansas Territory - 1855


Passenger lists for 1874–1883 are not at the Family History Library.
=== Massachusetts Migration Routes  ===


'''Indexes for 1902–1940'''<nowiki>:</nowiki>  
{| style="width:50%; vertical-align:top;"
|-
|
<ul class="column-spacing-halfscreen" style="padding-right:5px;">
    <li>[[Bay Road]]</li>
    <li>[[Catskill Road]]</li>
    <li>[[Coast Path]]</li>
    <li>[[Greenwood Road]]</li>
    <li>[[Kennebunk Road]]</li>
    <li>[[King's Highway]]</li>
    <li>[[Boston Post Road]]</li>
    <li>[[Massachusetts Turnpike]]</li>
    <li>[[Mohawk Trail]]</li>
    <li>[[Old Connecticut Path]]</li>
    <li>[[Old Roebuck Road]]</li>
    <li>[[Connecticut River]]</li>
    <li>[[Atlantic Coast Ports]]</li>  
</ul>
|}


United States, Immigration and Naturalization Service:
==For Further Reading==
The FamilySearch Library has additional sources listed in their catalog:
*{{FSC|United States, Massachusetts - Emigration and immigration|subject|subject-id=9077042|disp=United States, Massachusetts - Emigration and immigration}}
*{{FSC|United States, Massachusetts - Emigration and immigration - Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775|subject|subject-id=185910179|disp=United States, Massachusetts - Emigration and immigration - Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775}}
*{{FSC|United States, Massachusetts - Emigration and immigration - Indexes|subject|subject-id=456150655|disp=United States, Massachusetts - Emigration and immigration - Indexes}}
*{{FSC|United States, Massachusetts - Emigration and immigration - Periodicals|subject|subject-id=1374009556|disp=United States, Massachusetts - Emigration and immigration - Periodicals}}
*{{FSC|United States, Massachusetts - Minorities|subject|subject-id=184762143|disp=United States, Massachusetts - Minorities}}
*{{FSC|United States, Massachusetts - Minorities|subject|subject-id=184762143|disp=United States, Massachusetts - Minorities - Genealogy}}
*{{FSC|United States, Massachusetts - Minorities - Genealogy - Periodicals|subject|subject-id=620131975|disp=United States, Massachusetts - Minorities - Genealogy - Periodicals}}
*{{FSC|United States, Massachusetts - Minorities - Vital records|subject|subject-id=1986057126|disp=United States, Massachusetts - Minorities - Vital records}}
*{{FSC|African Americans - Massachusetts|subject|subject-id=1915685330|disp=African Americans - Massachusetts}}


*Index to Passenger Lists of Vessels arriving at Boston, Jan. 1, 1902–Dec. 31, 1920
==References==
*Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at Boston, Aug. 1, 1891–1935
<references/>
*Book Indexes to Boston Passenger Lists, 1899–1940


Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Service, 1944–1945, 1956. {{FHL|341169|item|disp=FHL film 1324975 (first of 594 films)}}


'''Other Passenger Lists'''. Also consult passenger lists of other New England ports and for ports in Canada. For Canadian border entries from 1895 to 1924, see:


United States, Immigration and Naturalization Services. ''St. Albans District Manifest Records of Aliens Arriving from Foreign Contiguous Territory''. Washington, DC: National Archives Records Service, 1986. (On 400 films, beginning with {{FHL|452590|item|disp=FHL film 1472801 (first of 937 films)}} There are soundex indexes for 1895–1924 and 1924–1952. These records are listed in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under UNITED STATES - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION.
{{Massachusetts|Massachusetts}}  
 
=== Published Sources  ===
 
The following sources index names of immigrants to Massachusetts:
 
Filby, P. William. ''Passenger and Immigration Lists Index''. 11 Volumes. Detroit, Michigan: Gale Research, 1981-. ({{FHL|291926|item|disp=FHL book 973 W32p}}; some volumes are on microfilm.) Indexes over 500,000 passengers to America from 1650 to mid-1980 in published passenger lists. Includes the immigrant's name, age, and year of arrival. Provides source list for all indexed passengers. The first three volumes are a combined alphabetical index that was published in 1981. Supplemental volumes have been issued annually.
 
Colket, Meridith B. ''Founders of Early American Families: Emigrants from Europe 1607–1657''. Cleveland, Ohio: General Court of the Order of Founders and Patriots of America, 1985. {{FHL|285129|item|disp=FHL book 973 W2cm.}} Includes a list of those who came to the Colonies during the first 50 years. Lists names, dates, and brief information about each immigrant and sources for further research.
 
Banks, Charles E. Planters of the Commonwealth: ''Emigrants to New England in Colonial Times''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing, 1961. (Family History Library {{FHL|283833|item|disp=FHL book 974 W2bf}} and {{FHL|283833|item|disp=FHL film 874196}} and FHL|283833|item|disp=FHL fiche 6046840}}
 
Harris, Ruth-Ann M. and Donald M. Jacobs, eds. ''The Search for Missing Friends''. Five Volumes. Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1989–1995. (Family History Library {{FHL|403971|item|disp=FHL book 974.461 H29s}} A list of thousands of immigrants who left Ireland from about 1830–1850. Families became separated and began putting advertisements in the Boston Pilot searching for their relatives. These records include name, residence in Ireland, and various items of family information.
 
Anderson, Robert C. ''The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1623–1633''. Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society, c1995. {{FHL|22717|item|disp=FHL books 974 W2a 3 vols}} Genealogical information about the early immigrants to New England. Each volume is indexed, with a cumulative index at the end of Volume 3. Well documented with sources cited.
 
Coldham, Peter Wilson. ''The Complete Book of Emigrants, 1607–1776, and Emigrants in Bondage 1614–1775'' {{FHL|773852|item|CD-ROM no. 9 pt. 350}}does not circulate to Family History Centers [Novato, California]: Brøderbund Software, 1996. A comprehensive list of about 140,000 immigrants to America from Britain. Includes Massachusetts immigrants. May show British hometown, emigration date, ship, destination, and text of the document abstract.
 
Coldham, Peter Wilson. ''The Complete Book of Emigrants in Bondage, 1614–1775''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1988. {{FHL|654640|item|disp=FHL book 973 W2c}} An alphabetical list of English convicts transported to colonial America.
 
Coldham, Peter Wilson. ''The Complete Book of Emigrants, 1661–1669''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1990. {{FHL|410429|item|disp=FHL book 973 W2coL}} A list of those who emigrated from England to America, including those who were deported and those sold into labor. Compiled from English public records.
 
Coldham, Peter Wilson. ''The Complete Book of Emigrants, 1700–1750''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1992. {{FHL|513401|item|disp=FHL book 973 W2coL}} A list of those who emigrated from England to America. Compiled from English public records. Usually gives name, age, occupation, residence, ship, destination, and precise source citation.
 
Bolton, Ethel Stanwood. ''Immigrants to New England, 1700–1775''. Salem, Massachusetts: Essex Institute, 1931. {{FHL|328742|item|disp=FHL book 974 W2b}} and {{FHL|328741|item|disp=FHL film 874195 item 3}} This list includes names, dates, place of origin, place of settlement, and some family information.
 
=== Historical Background  ===
 
Col. Banks published an article describing migration patterns from England to New England (as they were known in 1930):
 
*Banks, Charles Edward. "The Topographical Sources of English Emigration to the New England Colonies 1620-1650," ''The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record,'' Vol. 61, No. 1 (Jan. 1930):3-6. Digital version at [http://www.newyorkfamilyhistory.org/public-elibrary New York Family History] ($); {{FHL|161380|item|disp=FHL book 974.7 B2n v. 61}}.
 
== '''Web Sites'''  ==
 
[http://www.germanroots.com/ei.html Emigration and Immigration Records and Resources]<br>[http://www.ancestry.com/ Ancestry] has a very large immigration database but is a subscription website.
<div class="O"><div><span>Other helpful sites include:</span></div>
*<span />[http://www.ellisisland.org/ Ellis Island]&nbsp;(For US&nbsp;arrivals 1892-1924)
*<span />[http://www.castlegarden.org/ Castle Garden]&nbsp;(For US arrivals 1830-1892)
*[http://aad.archives.gov/aad/series-list.jsp?cat=SB302&bc=sb <span><span /></span><span>Irish Famine Immigrants</span>]
*[http://www.immigrantships.net/ Immigrant Ships]
*<span>[http://immigrants.byu.edu/ Immigrant Ancestors Project]
</span>
 
 
 
<span><u></u></span><span><u></u></span><span><u></u></span>'''A wiki article describing an online collection is found at:'''<br>[[Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Massachusetts, Boston Passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)]]
</div>


== References  ==
[[Category:Massachusetts, United States|Emigration]] [[Category:Irish]] [[Category:United States Emigration and Immigration|1]]
''[[Massachusetts_Emigration_and_Immigration|Massachusetts Emigration and Immigration ]].'' </div>
:NOTE: All of the information from the original research outline has been imported into this Wiki site and is being updated as time permits.


{{Massachusetts|Massachusetts}}  
{{Massachusetts|Massachusetts}}  


[[Category:Massachusetts|Emigration]] [[Category:Irish]]
[[Category:Massachusetts, United States|Emigration]] [[Category:Irish]] [[Category:United States Emigration and Immigration|1]]
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