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Records and histories of minorities and ethnic groups may provide clues to immigrant origins, migration information, and previous residences. Some records, histories, and periodicals of African-Americans, Germans, Jews, and others are available at the Family History Library.  
Records and histories of minorities and ethnic groups may provide clues to immigrant origins, migration information, and previous residences. Some records, histories, and periodicals of African-Americans, Germans, Jews, and others are available at the Family History Library.  


=== African Americans  ===
== African Americans  ==


Resources for African-American research fall into two periods: pre-and post-Civil War. Post-Civil War research consists of consulting the same record types you would use to research non–African-Americans. Pre-Civil War records consist of slave importation declarations, plantation records, emancipation records, apprenticeship bonds for freedmen, Alabama hiring practices, census records, plantation owners’ family records, church and cemetery records, military records, and Alabama court records.  
Resources for African-American research fall into two periods: pre-and post-Civil War. Post-Civil War research consists of consulting the same record types you would use to research non–African-Americans. Pre-Civil War records consist of slave importation declarations, plantation records, emancipation records, apprenticeship bonds for freedmen, Alabama hiring practices, census records, plantation owners’ family records, church and cemetery records, military records, and Alabama court records.  
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:Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company (Mobile, Alabama). ''Registers of Signatures of Depositors, 1867–1874.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0816. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1969. {{FHL|133425|item|disp=FHL film 928572}}
:Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company (Mobile, Alabama). ''Registers of Signatures of Depositors, 1867–1874.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0816. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1969. {{FHL|133425|item|disp=FHL film 928572}}


'''Freedman’s Bureau.''' Additional government records  
'''Freedman’s Bureau.''' Additional government records  
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:FREEDMEN - ALABAMA
:FREEDMEN - ALABAMA


'''Slaves in Deeds'''  
'''Slaves in Deeds'''  
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:For example, the booklet for Series F describes records of many plantations in Alabama and other states of the Deep South. The records were microfilmed at Duke University, in Durham, North Carolina.
:For example, the booklet for Series F describes records of many plantations in Alabama and other states of the Deep South. The records were microfilmed at Duke University, in Durham, North Carolina.


:''Records of Ante-bellum Southern Plantations from the Revolution Through the Civil War: Series F, Selections from the Manuscript Department'', Duke University Library. Frederick, Maryland: University Publications of America, 1986–1987. {{FHL|564185|item|disp=FHL films beginning with 1549774 (first of 84 films.}}  
:''Records of Ante-bellum Southern Plantations from the Revolution Through the Civil War: Series F, Selections from the Manuscript Department'', Duke University Library. Frederick, Maryland: University Publications of America, 1986–1987. {{FHL|564185|item|disp=FHL films beginning with 1549774 (first of 84 films.}}


'''Biographies.'''  
'''Biographies.'''  
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Several biographical dictionaries, compendia, and histories may contain information you need, for example:  
Several biographical dictionaries, compendia, and histories may contain information you need, for example:  


*''Black Biographical Dictionaries, 1790–1950''. Alexandria, Virginia: Chadwyck-Healy, 1980. {{FHL|509200|item|disp=FHL fiche 6049870 (first of 1070 films.}} This publication is sometimes referred to as "The Black Biography Project." Three of the sources included in this collection are:  
*''Black Biographical Dictionaries, 1790–1950''. Alexandria, Virginia: Chadwyck-Healy, 1980. {{FHL|509200|item|disp=FHL fiche 6049870 (first of 1070 films.}} This publication is sometimes referred to as "The Black Biography Project." Three of the sources included in this collection are:


*Bothe, Charles Octavius. ''The Cyclopedia of the Colored Baptists of Alabama: Their Leaders and Their Work''. Birmingham, Alabama: Birmingham Alabama Publishing, 1895. {{FHL|509200|item|disp=FHL fiche 6078965}} [set of 3]. This book contains biographies, birth dates, parents’ names, and sometimes pictures. It also provides information on associations and state conventions.  
*Bothe, Charles Octavius. ''The Cyclopedia of the Colored Baptists of Alabama: Their Leaders and Their Work''. Birmingham, Alabama: Birmingham Alabama Publishing, 1895. {{FHL|509200|item|disp=FHL fiche 6078965}} [set of 3]. This book contains biographies, birth dates, parents’ names, and sometimes pictures. It also provides information on associations and state conventions.


*Mixon, Winfield Henri. ''History of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Alabama, with Biographical Sketches.'' Selma, Alabama: A.M.E. Church Sunday School Union, 1902. (Family History Library {{FHL|509200|item|disp=FHL fiche 6079113}} [set of 3]. This book provides pictures, church minutes and history, and speeches. There is no index.  
*Mixon, Winfield Henri. ''History of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Alabama, with Biographical Sketches.'' Selma, Alabama: A.M.E. Church Sunday School Union, 1902. (Family History Library {{FHL|509200|item|disp=FHL fiche 6079113}} [set of 3]. This book provides pictures, church minutes and history, and speeches. There is no index.


*Moorman, Joseph H. and E. L. Barrett. ''Leaders of the Colored Race in Alabama''. Mobile, Alabama: News Publishing, [198–?]. {{FHL|509200|item|disp=FHL fiche 6079115}} [set of 2]. This source contains biographical sketches with birth dates, educational information, a history of each minister’s service, and a history of churches. It includes an index.  
*Moorman, Joseph H. and E. L. Barrett. ''Leaders of the Colored Race in Alabama''. Mobile, Alabama: News Publishing, [198–?]. {{FHL|509200|item|disp=FHL fiche 6079115}} [set of 2]. This source contains biographical sketches with birth dates, educational information, a history of each minister’s service, and a history of churches. It includes an index.


'''History of Slavery in Alabama'''
'''History of Slavery in Alabama'''  


*Sellers, James Benson. ''Slavery in Alabama''. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press, 1950, 1994. (Family History Library {{FHL|706908|item|disp=FHL book 976.1 F2s}}. This 426 page book includes a bibliography, on pages 399–409.  
*Sellers, James Benson. ''Slavery in Alabama''. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press, 1950, 1994. (Family History Library {{FHL|706908|item|disp=FHL book 976.1 F2s}}. This 426 page book includes a bibliography, on pages 399–409.


 
'''Vital Records'''  
'''Vital Records'''


Records of African-Americans may be listed as "colored" in birth, marriage and death records. See [[Alabama Birth, Marriage, and Death Records]] for those records.  
Records of African-Americans may be listed as "colored" in birth, marriage and death records. See [[Alabama Birth, Marriage, and Death Records]] for those records.  


=== Military  ===
=== Minorities in the Military  ===


[[Alabama Military Records|Military records of]] Alabama  
[[Alabama Military Records|Military records of]] Alabama  
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'''World War II (1941-1945)'''  
'''World War II (1941-1945)'''  


*''Combat Connected Naval Causalities, World War II, by States.'' Two Volumes. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946. (Family History Library {{FHL|973 M3dc|disp=book 973 M3dc}}.) This source is alphabetically arranged by state, then within the state by dead, missing, wounded, Prisoner of War (POW), died or killed while a POW, and POWs released.  
*''Combat Connected Naval Causalities, World War II, by States.'' Two Volumes. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946. {{FHL|287905|item|disp=FHL book 973 M3dc}} This source is alphabetically arranged by state, then within the state by dead, missing, wounded, Prisoner of War (POW), died or killed while a POW, and POWs released.  
*Tuskegee Airmen [http://www.tuskegeeairmen.org tuskegeeairmen.org]  An estimated 16,000 to 19,000 airmen including mechanics, parachute riggers and support staff were involved.  
*Tuskegee Airmen [http://www.tuskegeeairmen.org tuskegeeairmen.org]  An estimated 16,000 to 19,000 airmen including mechanics, parachute riggers and support staff were involved.  
*For photos of Tuskegee Airmen [http://www.americanprofile.com/tuskegee americanprofile.com/tuskegee]
*For photos of Tuskegee Airmen [http://www.americanprofile.com/tuskegee americanprofile.com/tuskegee]
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=== Bibliography  ===
=== Bibliography  ===


Taylor, Frazine K. ''Researching African American Genealogy in Alabama A Resource Guide''.  Montgomery, Alabama: New South Books. 2008.  
Taylor, Frazine K. ''Researching African American Genealogy in Alabama A Resource Guide.'' Montgomery, Alabama: New South Books. 2008.  


=== Online Resources for African-American Research  ===
=== Online Resources for African-American Research  ===
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*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://www.familysearch.org/searchapi/search/collection/1307888 Alabama Deaths 1908-1974] (Record Search)  
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://www.familysearch.org/searchapi/search/collection/1307888 Alabama Deaths 1908-1974] (Record Search)  
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=GhHb4IspnsgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=African-American+genealogy&lr=#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''Researching African American Genealogy in Alabama'' ]by Frazine K. Taylor (Google Books)  
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=GhHb4IspnsgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=African-American+genealogy&lr=#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''Researching African American Genealogy in Alabama'' ]by Frazine K. Taylor (Google Books)  
*[http://www.birminghamarchives.org/SubjectGuideSuggestedReadin.htm Birmingham Public Library: Collections and Research]  
*[http://www.birminghamarchives.org/SubjectGuideSuggestedReadin.htm Birmingham Public Library: Collections and Research]  
*[http://www.alabamagenealogy.org/aa.htm Alabama African American Genealogy Research] - A list of Alabama genealogy resources, including records and databases.  
*[http://www.alabamagenealogy.org/aa.htm Alabama African American Genealogy Research] - A list of Alabama genealogy resources, including records and databases.  
*Access Genealogy:&nbsp; [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/african/alabama/ Alabama African American Records]<br>
*Access Genealogy:&nbsp; [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/african/alabama/ Alabama African American Records]<br>
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Italian immigrants settled in Birmingham in the early 20th century. For a list of books and articles about these families, see Alabama History: An Annotated Bibliography mentioned in [[Alabama History]].  
Italian immigrants settled in Birmingham in the early 20th century. For a list of books and articles about these families, see Alabama History: An Annotated Bibliography mentioned in [[Alabama History]].  
== General ==


See also [[United States Minorities]] for additional resources.  
See also [[United States Minorities]] for additional resources.  
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:'''AFRO-AMERICANS - ALABAMA'''
:'''AFRO-AMERICANS - ALABAMA'''


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{{African American|African American}}{{Alabama|Alabama}}  
{{African American|African American}}{{Alabama|Alabama}}  


[[Category:Alabama|Minorities]]
[[Category:Alabama|Minorities]]
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