Algeria History

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Algeria

History

General History

Algeria (/ælˈdʒɪəriə/ (About this sound listen); Arabic: الجزائر‎ al-Jazā'ir, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير al-dzāyīr) The official name is the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria and is a country in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.
Algiers is the capital and most populous city, located in the far north of the country.

Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.
The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 counties.

Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.
Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.

With an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres or 919,595 sq miles, Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, the largest in Africa and the Arab world since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.
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Timeline

1505 - 1510 Spain took control of a few coastal towns
1514 - 1815 Barbary pirates killed thousands of Christain and non-islam people
1516 - 1830 Algiers was partially ruled by Ottomans
1620 - 1740 Plague killed between 30,000 and 50,000 people
1830 - French invaded and captured Algeria
1825 - 1847 50,000 French emigrated
1848 - 1962 Hundreds of thousands immigrated
1850 - 1872 1/3rd of indigenous Algerians were killed by violence and disease
1945 - 1954 Algerian War and between 30,000 and 150,000 people were killed
1945 - 1954 During this time 2 million people were uprooted and 700,000 killed
1962 - Oran Massacre
1962 - Algeria received independence from France
1991 - 1997 Militants conducted a violent campaign of civilian massacres and hundreds of :thousands were killed
1991 - 2002 Civil War 100,000 died

Resources

Online Resources

• History of Algeria
• Arab Culture - TOTA, gives general information about Arab Culture

Print Publications

• Tārīkh al-Jazāʼir al-ʻāmm v.1 by Jilālī, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad. Al-Jazāʼir:al-Maṭbaʻah al-ʻArabīyah, 1954. Online at: New York University; History of Algeria
  • .تاريخ الجزائر العام الجزء الأول .عبد الرحمن بن محمد الجلالي الجزائر:المطبعة العربية،, 1954
• Tārīkh al-Jazāʼir al-ʻāmm v.2 by Jilālī, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad. Al-Jazāʼir:al-Maṭbaʻah al-ʻArabīyah, 1954. Online at: New York University; History of Algeria
  • .تاريخ الجزائر العام الجزء الثاني .عبد الرحمن بن محمد الجلالي الجزائ:المطبعة العربية،, 1954