| nittende |
nineteenth
O
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| odel
|
birthright or allodial ownership
|
| odelsgods
|
property which someone has right to by inheritance. It is also used on all privately owned property except privileged noble estates
|
| odelsskatt
|
tax on private property paid by a certain part of the property tax based on the amount of land which they didn’t used themselves. This term is a bit misleading because this tax was not only paid on private property, but also on purchased and mortgaged property.
|
| ofte
|
often
|
| og
|
and
|
| oktober
|
October
|
| oldebarn
|
great-grandchild
|
| oldefar
|
great-grandfather
|
| oldeforeldre
|
great-grandparents
|
| oldemor
|
great-grandmother
|
| om
|
if, about
|
| omegn
|
neighboring places
|
| omtrent
|
about, almost, nearly
|
| omvendelse
|
conversion
|
| onkel
|
uncle
|
| onsdag
|
Wednesday
|
| opp
|
up
|
| oppe
|
above, upstairs
|
| oppfostre
|
foster, to rear
|
| oppgivelsesskifte
|
probate held before the property was turned over to heirs when receiving a life estate. Also for the one which probated is deceased.
|
| opptegnelse
|
record
|
| ordbok
|
dictionary
|
| ordfører
|
mayor
|
| ort
|
as money 1 ort = 24 skilling. Also used as a measure of debt.
|
| oss
|
us
|
| osv.
|
et cetera, and so on
|
| over
|
over
|
| overhoffretten
|
the highest court in Norway from 1666-1797
|
| overlevende
|
survivors
|
| overtredelse
|
transgression
|
P
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| pagina (Latin)
|
page
|
| pallask
|
sword
|
| pantebok
|
mortgage record
|
| pantegods
|
property which is mortgaged. From the beginning of the 1700’s the mortgage holder had the right to all the properties income. He must also pay taxes on this income. In the 1700’s the mortgage holder collected yearly interest while the mortgagee kept the right of disposition of the property
|
| parsell
|
plot of land, allotment
|
| parykkmaker
|
wigmaker
|
| penger
|
money
|
| pensjon
|
pension
|
| pensjonist
|
retired person
|
| person
|
person
|
| pest
|
plague
|
| pike (pige)
|
girl, maid
|
| pikebarn
|
female child
|
| pikenavn
|
maiden name, girl’s name
|
| pinse
|
Pentecost
|
| pladsen
|
the cottage - houses, place the cottager occupied
|
| plass
|
see Husmannsplass
|
| pleiebarn
|
foster child
|
| pleiedatter
|
foster daughter
|
| pleiefar
|
foster father
|
| pleieforeldre
|
foster parents
|
| pleiemor
|
foster mother
|
| pleiesønn
|
foster son
|
| pottemaker
|
potter
|
| preke
|
preach
|
| prest
|
minister, priest
|
| prestegjeld
|
clerical district
|
| prestegods
|
the property which supported the priest and which he had income from as part of his salary
|
| prestekontor
|
parish office
|
| prestemanntall
|
count or census of the priests
|
| prins
|
prince
|
| prinsesse
|
princess
|
| på
|
on, at, upon
|
| påske
|
Easter
|
R
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| register
|
index, register
|
| regjering
|
government
|
| regning
|
bill
|
| regnskap
|
account
|
| reise
|
travel
|
| religion
|
religion
|
| repslager
|
rope maker
|
| rett
|
court (noun), correct
|
| rettferdig
|
just, righteous
|
| ridder
|
knight
|
| rik
|
wealthy
|
| riksbankdaler
|
main currency in Norway 1813-1816. 1 riksbankdaler = 6 mark = 96 riksbankskilling. At that time a very large amount of riksbankdaler were issued such that the value of them quickly decreased
|
| riksdaler
|
main currency in Norway 1544-1813. From 1625 1 rikdaler = 4 ort = 96 skilling
|
| riktig
|
correct
|
| rulle
|
a record of soldiers
|
| rundt
|
around
|
| rytter
|
cavalryman
|
| rådmann
|
councilman
|
S
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| sa
|
said, stated
|
| sabbat
|
Sabbath
|
| sagskjærer
|
sawmill worker who cut with a handsaw
|
| sakefall
|
term for both fines and property confiscation of a condemned person which was paid to the authorities in the 1600’s
|
| sakrament
|
sacrament
|
| salig
|
deceased, holy, blessed
|
| salmaker
|
saddler
|
| samfunn
|
society
|
| samleie
|
intercourse
|
| samme
|
same
|
| samme dag
|
the same day
|
| sammen
|
together
|
| sammesteds
|
in the same place
|
| samtlige
|
all
|
| samtykke
|
consent
|
| sau
|
sheep
|
| seg
|
oneself
|
| seks
|
six
|
| seksten
|
sixteen
|
| sekstende
|
sixteenth
|
| seksti
|
sixty
|
| sekstiende
|
sixtieth
|
| selv
|
self
|
| selveier
|
owner, freeholder; farmer which owned his own land in contrast to one who rented land
|
| selvmord
|
suicide
|
| senere
|
later
|
| seng
|
bed
|
| sengeliggende
|
bedridden
|
| separeret
|
separated
|
| september
|
September
|
| side
|
page, side
|
| sidehus
|
side house
|
| siden
|
since, later
|
| sin, sitt, sine
|
his, hers, its
|
| sinnsvak
|
insane, retarded
|
| sinnsyk
|
mentally ill
|
| siste
|
last, latter
|
| siste olje
|
last rites
|
| sjette
|
sixth
|
| sju (syv)
|
seven
|
| sjuende (syvende)
|
seventh
|
| sjø
|
sea, lake
|
| sjømann
|
sailor, seaman
|
| skaberak
|
elaborate horse blanket
|
| skaffe
|
produce
|
| skal
|
shall, must
|
| skarlagensfeber
|
scarlet fever
|
| skatt
|
tax
|
| skibsfører
|
ship’s captain
|
| skifte
|
probate
|
| skifteprotokoll
|
probate record book
|
| skifteretten
|
probate court
|
| skilling
|
currency like 1/96 of a daler until 1816, later 1/120 speciedaler
|
| skilsmisse
|
divorce
|
| skilt
|
divorced
|
| skiløper
|
infantry soldier on skis, skier
|
| skinn
|
calf skin. In about 1200 each farm paid the tax of one calf skin. In 1661 this tax was combined with Biskops- and Olavstax and then was revised to be assessed by the size of the farm so that the tax value varied between 1 and 3 skins per farm
|
| skipreide
|
administrative unit originally tied to leidangsvesenet. In the middle ages it was revised to be a district which paid rent to the crown. Later used as designation of jurisdiction, see tinglag
|
| skjedde
|
happened
|
| skjøte
|
deed (property)
|
| skog
|
forest
|
| skole
|
school
|
| skomaker
|
shoemaker
|
| skoskatt
|
personal tax in 1711 of all who had shoes
|
| skredder
|
tailor
|
| skriver
|
scribe
|
| skulle
|
should
|
| skyld/landskyld
|
yearly rent the lessee should pay to the landowner. In older times it was at the same time a set measurement for the property at purchase, sale, or probate. From the 1600’s the tax was aligned with the debt. All independent farms were taxed, whether it was rented or self-owned
|
| skylddaler
|
1 skylddaler = 5 ort = 120 skilling
|
| skylddeling
|
division of the debt when a farm was subdivided
|
| skyssplikt
|
the farmers had the obligation to take care of the horse and horseman for travelers
|
| skysskaffer
|
person who had the assignment to obtain a horse and horseman for travelers
|
| slag
|
strike, blow, stroke
|
| slakter
|
butcher
|
| slekt
|
relatives, family, lineage
|
| slektninger
|
relatives
|
| slektsforskning
|
genealogy
|
| slektshistorie
|
family history, lineage books
|
| slektsvåpen
|
coat of arms
|
| slå ihjel
|
kill
|
| smed
|
smith
|
| snart
|
soon
|
| snekker
|
cabinetmaker, carpenter
|
| sogn
|
parish
|
| soldat
|
soldier
|
| sorenskriver
|
magistrate, probate judge; the office of sorenskriver was created by royal proclamation 31 July 1591. The sorenskriver was to be the secretary of the local court. But by the early 1600’s he had progressed to be the judge at the local court and after a time he became the sole judge. He also had obligations as a probate manager, auction manager, court attendant, notary public, etc.
|
| sort
|
black
|
| spebarn
|
infant, baby
|
| spillemann
|
musician, fiddler
|
| speciedaler (spd)
|
main currency in Norway 1816-1875. 1 speciedaler = 5 ort = 120 skilling. With the switch to the crown (krone) in 1875 a speciedaler was to equal 4 crowns
|
| stabbur
|
storehouse on pillars
|
| stamtavle
|
descendancy chart
|
| stand
|
social position
|
| stebarn
|
stepchild
|
| stebror
|
stepbrother
|
| sted
|
place
|
| stedatter
|
stepdaughter
|
| stefar
|
stepfather
|
| steinhogger
|
stonecutter
|
| stemor
|
stepmother
|
| stervbo
|
the deceased’s dwelling (from the german “sterben”)
|
| stesønn
|
stepson
|
| stilling
|
status, position, office
|
| stor
|
large
|
| straff
|
punishment
|
| straks
|
right away, immediately
|
| strandsitter
|
husmann who lived on the seacoast
|
| stum
|
mute (can’t speak)
|
| summa (Latin)
|
totals
|
| summarisk
|
statistical, summary
|
| svak
|
weak
|
| svakhet
|
weakness
|
| svart
|
black
|
| svenn
|
journeyman
|
| svensk
|
Swedish
|
| Sverige
|
Sweden
|
| svigerdatter
|
daughter-in-law
|
| svigerfar
|
father-in-law
|
| svigerinne
|
sister-in-law
|
| svigermor
|
mother-in-law
|
| svigersønn
|
son-in-law
|
| svoger
|
brother-in-law
|
| svulst
|
tumor
|
| syd
|
south
|
| sydlig
|
southern
|
| syerske
|
seamstress
|
| syk
|
sick
|
| sykdom
|
disease
|
| sypike
|
seamstress
|
| sytten
|
seventeen
|
| syttende
|
seventeenth
|
| sytti
|
seventy
|
| syttiende
|
seventieth
|
| syv (sju)
|
seven
|
| syvende (sjuende)
|
seventh
|
| sølv
|
silver
|
| søndag
|
Sunday
|
| sønn
|
son
|
| sønnedatter
|
son’s daughter
|
| sønnesøn
|
son’s son
|
| sør
|
south
|
| søsken
|
siblings
|
| søster
|
sister
|
| søstersønn
|
sister’s son
|
| så
|
saw (see), so, if so, sow (seed)
|
| sådan
|
such
|
| således
|
thus, in this or that
|
T
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| tak
|
roof
|
| takk
|
thank you
|
| takksigelse
|
thanksgiving
|
| tall
|
number, count
|
| tambur
|
drummer (soldier)
|
| tante
|
aunt
|
| testamente
|
last will
|
| ti
|
ten
|
| tid
|
time
|
| tidlig
|
early
|
| tidsperiode
|
period of time
|
| tidsskrift
|
periodical
|
| tiende
|
tenth, tithing; originally a payment to the church of 1/10 of increase. In the 1600’s it was paid annually
|
| tigger
|
beggar
|
| til
|
to, until, for
|
| tillatelse
|
dispensation, permission
|
| time
|
hour
|
| tinglag
|
area of court jurisdiction for a local court
|
| tippoldefar
|
great-great-grandfather
|
| tippoldemor
|
great-great-grandmother
|
| tirsdag
|
Tuesday
|
| tittel
|
title
|
| tjene
|
serve, work
|
| tjeneste
|
service
|
| tjenestedreng
|
servant, employee, male
|
| tjenestepige
|
servant, employee, female
|
| tjue (tyve)
|
twenty
|
| tjueannen
|
twenty-second
|
| tjueen
|
twenty-one
|
| tjuefem
|
twenty-five
|
| tjuefire
|
twenty-four
|
| tjuefjerde
|
twenty-fourth
|
| tjueførste
|
twenty-first
|
| tjuende (tyvende)
|
twentieth
|
| tjueni(ende)
|
twenty-nine (twenty-ninth)
|
| tjueseks
|
twenty-six
|
| tjuesjette
|
twenty-sixth
|
| tjuesju(ende)
|
twenty-seven(th)
|
| tjuetemte
|
twenty-fifth
|
| tjueto
|
twenty-two
|
| tjuetre(dje)
|
twenty-three (twenty-third)
|
| tjueåtte(nde)
|
twenty-eight (twenty-eighth)
|
| to
|
two
|
| tohundre
|
two hundred
|
| tollbetjent
|
customs officer
|
| tolv
|
twelve
|
| tolvte
|
twelfth
|
| torsdag
|
Thursday
|
| tre
|
three
|
| tredevte (trettiende)
|
thirtieth
|
| tredje
|
third
|
| tredjeårstake
|
lease payment which was due every three years
|
| tredve (tretti)
|
thirty
|
| tretten(de)
|
thirteen (thirteenth)
|
| trettien(de)
|
thirty-one (thirty-first)
|
| trettiførste
|
thirty-first
|
| trolovelse
|
engagement
|
| trolovet
|
engaged
|
| trosbekjennelse
|
creed
|
| trossamfunn
|
religion
|
| tuberkulose
|
consumption, tuberculosis
|
| tukthus
|
prison
|
| tusen(de)
|
thousand(th)
|
| tvangsarbeide
|
hard labor, compulsory labor
|
| tvilling
|
twin
|
| tyfus
|
typhoid fever
|
| tysk
|
German
|
| Tyskland
|
Germany
|
| tyv
|
thief
|
| tyve (tjue)
|
twenty
|
| tyvende (tjvende)
|
twentieth
|
| tæring
|
tuberculosis
|
| tømmermann
|
carpenter, framer, ship’s carpenter
|
| tønne
|
barrel
|
U
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| udøpt
|
unbaptized
|
| uekte
|
illegitimate
|
| ugift
|
unmarried
|
| uke
|
week
|
| ukjent
|
unknown, foreign
|
| ulovlig
|
illegal
|
| ulykke
|
accident
|
| umoralsk
|
immoral
|
| umyndig
|
under legal age
|
| under
|
under, below
|
| underholde
|
support
|
| underskrevne
|
the undersigned
|
| underskrift
|
signature
|
| undertegnet
|
signed
|
| ung
|
young
|
| ungkarl
|
bachelor
|
| unntatt
|
except
|
| uskyldig
|
innocent
|
| ussel
|
miserable, poor
|
| usømmelig
|
indecent
|
| utdrag
|
extract
|
| uten
|
without
|
| utenfor
|
outside of
|
| utfattog
|
destitute, penniless
|
| utflyttning
|
moving out
|
| utføre
|
perform, do
|
| utgi
|
publish
|
| uti
|
at, in
|
| utlagt
|
named as, alleged
|
| utlandet
|
foreign country
|
| utskiftning
|
dissolution and redistribution of the several parcels of land making up the farm to make it more evenly distributed
|
| utskyld
|
yearly payment to the crown in the southwest of Norway. Probably it was originally a duty of the farms along a road to support the king before the unification of Norway
|
| utukt
|
lechery, fornication
|
| utvandre
|
emigrate
|
| utvandrer
|
emigrant
|
| utvandring
|
emigration
|
V
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| vaccinerede
|
vaccination
|
| vaksinert
|
vaccination, vaccinated
|
| vanfør
|
crippled, disabled
|
| vanskapt
|
deformed, handicapped
|
| var
|
was, were
|
| vattersot
|
dropsy
|
| ved
|
at, by
|
| vedkommende
|
person concerned
|
| ved siden av
|
next to
|
| velstand
|
prosperity
|
| venn
|
friend
|
| venstre
|
left (side)
|
| verge
|
guardian
|
| verneplikt
|
military duty
|
| vertshus
|
inn
|
| vest
|
west
|
| vever
|
weaver
|
| vielse
|
marriage, wedding
|
| vielsesattest
|
marriage certificate
|
| viet
|
married
|
| vikingtida
|
about 800-1000 years A.D.
|
| vitne
|
witness
|
| vitnesbyrd
|
testimony
|
| vogn
|
carriage, wagon, vehicle
|
| vognmann
|
coachman
|
| voldta
|
rape
|
| værdig
|
worthy
|
| være
|
be
|
| vår
|
our
|
| våren
|
in the spring
|
Y
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| yngre
|
younger
|
| yngst
|
youngest
|
| yrke
|
profession
|
Æ
|
| ærbødig
|
respectful
|
| ære
|
honor
|
| ærlig
|
honest
|
| ættegransking
|
genealogy
|
Ø
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| øde
|
desolate, waste
|
| ødegård
|
from the late 1500’s this was also a classification of a farm for tax purposes and was used for all farms in the lowest classification. 1 ødegård = a quarter farm
|
| ødelegge
|
destroy
|
| ødemark
|
wasteland, wilderness
|
| ønske
|
wish, desire, want
|
| øre
|
ear; after 1889 taxes owed, 100 øre = 1 skyldmark
|
| øst
|
east
|
| øvre
|
upper
|
| øy
|
island
|
| øye, øie
|
eye
|
Å
| Norwegian
|
English
|
| åmage
|
it was usual when one wanted to preserve the inheritance in property but did not have the economic ability to pay by a certain time that they announced their rights to the land in the court to retain their inheritance
|
| ånd
|
spirit
|
| åndsvak
|
mentally deficient
|
| år
|
year
|
| årgangssag
|
sawmill which had a large enough water supply to operate throughout the year
|
| århundre
|
century
|
| årlig
|
annual, yearly
|
| årsak
|
cause, reason
|
| åsetesrett
|
the right to take over an undivided landed property
|
| åsted
|
where event took place (place of event)
|
| åtte
|
eight
|
| åttende
|
eighth
|
| åtti
|
eighty
|
| åttiede
|
eightieth
|
Additional Resources
This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Norwegian-English dictionary. Several Norwegian-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.82321. Family History Centers can obtain the following dictionaries on microfilm:
Scavenius, H. Glydendals Ordbøker; Norsk-Engelsk [Gyldendal’s Dictionaries; Norwegian-English]. Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag, 1945. (FHL film 1,224,705, item 4).
cavenius, H. Glydendals Ordbøker; Engelsk-Norsk [Glydendal’s Dictionaries; English-Norwegian]. Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag, 1945. (FHL film 1,224,705, item 3).
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the FamilySearch Catalog under NORWEGIAN LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES and in the Locality section under NORWAY - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES.
Key Words
In order to find and use specific types of Norwegian records, you will need to know some key words in Norwegian. This section lists key genealogical terms in English and the Norwegian words with the same or similar meanings.
For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Norwegian words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Norwegian records to indicate marriage.
| English
|
Norwegian
|
| banns
|
lysninger
|
birth
|
fødte, født
|
burial
|
begravelse, jordet
|
| census
|
folketelling
|
child
|
barn
|
| christening
|
døbte, døbt
|
| clerical district
|
prestegjeld
|
confirmation
|
konfirmasjon, konfirmerede
|
| death
|
døde, død
|
| engagement
|
forlovelse, trolovelse
|
| father
|
far
|
| female
|
kvinnekjønn
|
| husband
|
ektemann
|
| index
|
register
|
| male
|
mannkjønn
|
| marriage
|
copulerede, egteviede, gift, vielse
|
| military
|
militær
|
| mother
|
mor
|
| moving in
|
innflyttning
|
| moving out
|
utflyttning
|
| name, given
|
fornavn
|
name, surname
|
etternavn
|
| parents
|
foreldre
|
| parish
|
sogn
|
| probate
|
skifte
|
| vaccination
|
vaccinerede, vaksinert
|
| wife
|
hustru
|
| year
|
år
|
|
