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A census is a count and description of the population of an area. When available, census records can provide names, ages, occupations, marital statuses, birthplaces, and family members' relationships. Censuses can also provide clues that lead to other records. A census may list only selected people for a special reason (such as males between the ages of 16 and 45 for military purposes) or the whole population. The percentage of people listed depends on the purpose of the census and on how careful the enumerator was.  
A census is a count and description of the population of an area. When available, census records can provide names, ages, occupations, marital statuses, birthplaces, and family members' relationships. Censuses can also provide clues that lead to other records. A census may list only selected people for a special reason (such as males between the ages of 16 and 45 for military purposes) or the whole population. The percentage of people listed depends on the purpose of the census and on how careful the enumerator was.  
[[Image:Royal Avenue Belfast.jpg|thumb|right|300px]]


== Purposes for Taking a Census  ==
== Purposes for Taking a Census  ==
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'''1821.''' The [[Ireland Census Fragments|1821 census lists]]—for every member of the household—name, age, occupation, and relationship to the head of the household. The census also records the acreage held by the head of the household and the number of stories each dwelling had. This census was taken under the Parliamentary Act 55 Geo. III., c. 120. and a decennial census was consistently taken until 1911.  
'''1821.''' The [[Ireland Census Fragments|1821 census lists]]—for every member of the household—name, age, occupation, and relationship to the head of the household. The census also records the acreage held by the head of the household and the number of stories each dwelling had. This census was taken under the Parliamentary Act 55 Geo. III., c. 120. and a decennial census was consistently taken until 1911.  


'''1831.''' The [[Ireland_Census_fragments_available_at_the_Family_History_Library|1831 census lists]] only the head of the household, the number of children and adults in the household, and the religion of each household member. This census was taken under the Parliamentary Act 1 Will. IV., c. 19.  
'''1831.''' The [[Ireland Census fragments available at the Family History Library|1831 census lists]] only the head of the household, the number of children and adults in the household, and the religion of each household member. This census was taken under the Parliamentary Act 1 Will. IV., c. 19.  


'''1834.''' The 1834 census was a result of an initiative by Daniel O'Connell in Parliament to reflect the correct numbers of Catholics and Protestants in Ireland. It came to be known as the "O'Connell Census." The 1831 census was used as the basis for the 1834 census and members of the Catholic clergy and others throughout Ireland were used to identify and add religion to the 1831 population schedules. Many of these census lists have been published in various genealogical, historical, and archaeological periodicals in Ireland.  
'''1834.''' The 1834 census was a result of an initiative by Daniel O'Connell in Parliament to reflect the correct numbers of Catholics and Protestants in Ireland. It came to be known as the "O'Connell Census." The 1831 census was used as the basis for the 1834 census and members of the Catholic clergy and others throughout Ireland were used to identify and add religion to the 1831 population schedules. Many of these census lists have been published in various genealogical, historical, and archaeological periodicals in Ireland.  


'''1841.''' The [[Ireland_Census_fragments_available_at_the_Family_History_Library|1841 census lists]]—for every member of the household—name, age, sex, relationship to the head of the household, marital status (and if married, the number of years married), occupation, and birthplace. This census was taken under the Parliamentary Act 3 and 4 Vic., c. 100.  
'''1841.''' The [[Ireland Census fragments available at the Family History Library|1841 census lists]]—for every member of the household—name, age, sex, relationship to the head of the household, marital status (and if married, the number of years married), occupation, and birthplace. This census was taken under the Parliamentary Act 3 and 4 Vic., c. 100.  


'''1851.''' The [[Ireland_Census_fragments_available_at_the_Family_History_Library|1851 census lists]] the same information as the 1841 census. In addition, it has two schedules that were filled out if applicable. One reported absent members of the household and provided the standard census information plus the current place of residence for each. The other listed members of the household who had died since the last census and recorded for each the cause and year of death, age at death, sex, relationship to the head of the household, and occupation. This census was taken under the Parliamentary Act 13 and 14 Vic., c. 44.
'''1851.''' The [[Ireland Census fragments available at the Family History Library|1851 census lists]] the same information as the 1841 census. In addition, it has two schedules that were filled out if applicable. One reported absent members of the household and provided the standard census information plus the current place of residence for each. The other listed members of the household who had died since the last census and recorded for each the cause and year of death, age at death, sex, relationship to the head of the household, and occupation. This census was taken under the Parliamentary Act 13 and 14 Vic., c. 44.  


There is an index to the heads-of-household for the 1851 census for the City of Dublin. It has been published on CD by Eneclann. This was taken from a transcript available in the National Arhives, Dublin.  
There is an index to the heads-of-household for the 1851 census for the City of Dublin. It has been published on CD by Eneclann. This was taken from a transcript available in the National Arhives, Dublin.  
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#Click '''View Film Notes''' to find the film numbers.
#Click '''View Film Notes''' to find the film numbers.


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=== Searching Census Records  ===
=== Searching Census Records  ===
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Census substitutes are records that, like censuses, provide lists of individuals living in a specific area. Census substitutes may give the occupation, religion, residence, relationship, age, and/or the&nbsp;value of the property of the individuals they list. For more information, click on the link to go to the article on [[Ireland Census Substitutes|Ireland Census Substitutes]].  
Census substitutes are records that, like censuses, provide lists of individuals living in a specific area. Census substitutes may give the occupation, religion, residence, relationship, age, and/or the&nbsp;value of the property of the individuals they list. For more information, click on the link to go to the article on [[Ireland Census Substitutes|Ireland Census Substitutes]].  


Old age Irish Pension Records now available online can help give vital information found in the 1841 &amp; 1851 Ireland Census records.&nbsp;[http://www.ireland-genealogy.com/ www.ireland-genealogy.com.]
Old age Irish Pension Records now available online can help give vital information found in the 1841 &amp; 1851 Ireland Census records.&nbsp;[http://www.ireland-genealogy.com/ www.ireland-genealogy.com.]  


== Web Sites  ==
== Web Sites  ==
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