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==Background == | ==Background == | ||
===Tribes in Iraq=== | ===Tribes in Iraq=== | ||
Tribal affiliation is an important part of Iraq's history and modern society. Led by a tribal leader or sheikh (شيخ ''sheykh''), tribes can be further subdivided into clans (الفخذ ''fukhdh''), houses (البيت ''beit''), and extended family (الخمس ''khams''). Some of the major tribes in Iraq include Al Khatib, Al Srai, Al Alattiya, Al Maliki, Al Qaraghoul, Al Khuza'ah, Al Samraie, Al Azzawi, Al Huraithi, Al Absawi, Al Asooli, Al Juaibar, Al Nuaimi, Al Jumaili, Al Salman, Al Naji, Al Kadhmi, Al Qarawi, Al Janabi, Al Wani, Al Ahmed, Al Khazali, Al Hasan, Al Salman, Al Kilab, Al Talafha, Al Sawae'id, Al Manaseer, Albu Badran. For more information about the ancient history of tribes in Iraq, see [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/viewer/936634/?offset=0#page=19&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= Encyclopedia of Iraqi Tribes: History, Genealogies, Men, Achievements] and other publications listed above. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Arab tribes of Iraq," ''Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia'', accessed 12 February 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_tribes_of_Iraq.</ref> | Tribal affiliation is an important part of Iraq's history and modern society. Led by a tribal leader or sheikh (شيخ ''sheykh''), tribes can be further subdivided into clans (الفخذ ''fukhdh''), houses (البيت ''beit''), and extended family (الخمس ''khams''). Some of the major tribes in Iraq include Al Khatib, Al Srai, Al Alattiya, Al Maliki, Al Qaraghoul, Al Khuza'ah, Al Samraie, Al Azzawi, Al Huraithi, Al Absawi, Al Asooli, Al Juaibar, Al Nuaimi, Al Jumaili, Al Salman, Al Naji, Al Kadhmi, Al Qarawi, Al Janabi, Al Wani, Al Ahmed, Al Khazali, Al Hasan, Al Salman, Al Kilab, Al Talafha, Al Sawae'id, Al Manaseer, Albu Badran. For more information about the ancient history of tribes in Iraq, see [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/viewer/936634/?offset=0#page=19&viewer=picture&o=info&n=0&q= Encyclopedia of Iraqi Tribes: History, Genealogies, Men, Achievements] (in Arabic) and other publications listed above. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Arab tribes of Iraq," ''Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia'', accessed 12 February 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_tribes_of_Iraq.</ref> | ||
=== General Information about Tribes=== | === General Information about Tribes=== | ||
In the Middle East and North Africa, the term "tribe" refers to large collection of inter-related families that can trace their lineage back to a common ancestor; although, as is discussed in greater detail below, a shared ancestry is not always necessary for a family to join a tribe. It is typically used as a translation for the Arabic word "<big>قَبيلة</big>" (qabīlah), although in the Research Wiki "tribe" is also used for other Arabic terms. Tribes in the region can number in the hundreds to tens of thousands; some are relatively localized, while others are stretched or scattered over vast areas. Tribes are often divided into increasingly smaller kinship groups, including "<big>بَطْن</big>" (baṭn), "<big>فَخْذ</big>" (fakhth), and "<big>عَشيرة</big>" (ʿashīrah). The latter is translated in the Wiki as "clan". | In the Middle East and North Africa, the term "tribe" refers to large collection of inter-related families that can trace their lineage back to a common ancestor; although, as is discussed in greater detail below, a shared ancestry is not always necessary for a family to join a tribe. It is typically used as a translation for the Arabic word "<big>قَبيلة</big>" (qabīlah), although in the Research Wiki "tribe" is also used for other Arabic terms. Tribes in the region can number in the hundreds to tens of thousands; some are relatively localized, while others are stretched or scattered over vast areas. Tribes are often divided into increasingly smaller kinship groups, including "<big>بَطْن</big>" (baṭn), "<big>فَخْذ</big>" (fakhth), and "<big>عَشيرة</big>" (ʿashīrah). The latter is translated in the Wiki as "clan". | ||