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India Languages: Difference between revisions
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== Languages == | == Languages == | ||
[[India_Languages#Hindi|Hindi]], [[India_Languages#Bengali|Bengali]], [[India_Languages#Marathi|Marathi]], [[India_Languages#Telugu|Telugu]], [[India_Languages#Tamil|Tamil]], [[India_Languages#Gujarati|Gujarati]], [[India_Languages#Urdu|Urdu]], [[India_Languages#Kannada|Kannada]] are the first language of over 80% of the population. Many of the people are multilingual, and according to the 2011 census nearly 130 million persons, or 10.67% per cent, speak English as a first, second, or third language.< | [[India_Languages#Hindi|Hindi]], [[India_Languages#Bengali|Bengali]], [[India_Languages#Marathi|Marathi]], [[India_Languages#Telugu|Telugu]], [[India_Languages#Tamil|Tamil]], [[India_Languages#Gujarati|Gujarati]], [[India_Languages#Urdu|Urdu]], [[India_Languages#Kannada|Kannada]] are the first language of over 80% of the population. Many of the people are multilingual, and according to the 2011 census nearly 130 million persons, or 10.67% per cent, speak English as a first, second, or third language.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Indiaspeak-English-is-our-2nd-language/articleshow/5680962.cms "Indiaspeak: English is our 2nd language"], ''Times of India'', 14 March 2010. Accessed 1 September 2022.</ref> | ||
=== Scheduled Languages === | === Scheduled Languages === | ||
This table lists the 22 scheduled languages and the states, union territories, or regions where they are spoken.< | This table lists the 22 scheduled languages and the states, union territories, or regions where they are spoken.<ref>[https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/eighth-schedule-to-the-constitution-of-india-and-list-of-official-languages-1920700-2022-03-04 "Eighth Schedule to the constitution of India and list of official languages"], ''India Today'', 4 March 2022. Accessed 1 September 2022.</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! Language !! Where Spoken | ! Language !! Where Spoken | ||
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=== Classical Languages === | === Classical Languages === | ||
Classical languages are determined by age (1500-2000 years), an existing body of texts considered to be a "valuable heritage', an original literary tradition, and distinct from the modern version.< | Classical languages are determined by age (1500-2000 years), an existing body of texts considered to be a "valuable heritage', an original literary tradition, and distinct from the modern version.<ref>Wikipedia, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_India#Classical_languages_of_India Languages of India-Classical languages of India]. Accessed 1 September 2022.</ref> | ||
The six classical languages of India, and the year they were declared to be classical, are: | The six classical languages of India, and the year they were declared to be classical, are: | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Kannada (2008) | *Kannada (2008) | ||
*Malayalam (2013) | *Malayalam (2013) | ||
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== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
=== Hindi === | === Hindi === | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Lexilogos: [http://www.lexilogos.com/english/hindi_dictionary.htm Hindi dictionary] | *Lexilogos: [http://www.lexilogos.com/english/hindi_dictionary.htm Hindi dictionary] | ||
*Omniglot: [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/hindi.htm Hindi Script] | *Omniglot: [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/hindi.htm Hindi Script] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
=== Bengali === | === Bengali === | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Lexilogos: [http://www.lexilogos.com/english/bengali_dictionary.htm Bengali dictionary] | *Lexilogos: [http://www.lexilogos.com/english/bengali_dictionary.htm Bengali dictionary] | ||
*[http://aboutworldlanguages.com/bengali Bengali language overview] | *[http://aboutworldlanguages.com/bengali Bengali language overview] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
=== Marathi === | === Marathi === | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Lexilogos: [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/marathi_dictionary.htm Marathi dictionary] | *Lexilogos: [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/marathi_dictionary.htm Marathi dictionary] | ||
*Omniglot: [https://omniglot.com/writing/marathi.htm Marathi] | *Omniglot: [https://omniglot.com/writing/marathi.htm Marathi] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
=== Telugu === | === Telugu === | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Lexilogos.com: [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/telugu_dictionary.htm Telugu Dictionary] | *Lexilogos.com: [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/telugu_dictionary.htm Telugu Dictionary] | ||
*Omniglot: [https://omniglot.com/writing/telugu.htm Telugu alphabet, pronunciation and language] | *Omniglot: [https://omniglot.com/writing/telugu.htm Telugu alphabet, pronunciation and language] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
=== Tamil === | === Tamil === | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Lexilogos.com: [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/tamil_dictionary.htm Tamil Dictionary] | *Lexilogos.com: [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/tamil_dictionary.htm Tamil Dictionary] | ||
*[http://www.tamildict.com/english.php Tamildict.com] | *[http://www.tamildict.com/english.php Tamildict.com] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
=== Gujarati === | === Gujarati === | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Lexilogos: [http://www.lexilogos.com/english/gujarati_dictionary.htm Gujarati dictionary | *Lexilogos: [http://www.lexilogos.com/english/gujarati_dictionary.htm Gujarati dictionary | ||
*Omniglot: [https://omniglot.com/writing/gujarati.htm Gujarati alphabet, pronunciation and language] | *Omniglot: [https://omniglot.com/writing/gujarati.htm Gujarati alphabet, pronunciation and language] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
=== Urdu === | === Urdu === | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Lexilogos: [http://www.lexilogos.com/english/urdu_dictionary.htm Urdu dictionary] | *Lexilogos: [http://www.lexilogos.com/english/urdu_dictionary.htm Urdu dictionary] | ||
*Omniglot: [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/urdu.htm Urdu alphabet, pronunciation and language] | *Omniglot: [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/urdu.htm Urdu alphabet, pronunciation and language] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
=== Kannada === | === Kannada === | ||
{{ | {{columns-list|2| | ||
*Lexilogos: [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/kannada_dictionary.htm Kannada dictionary] | *Lexilogos: [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/kannada_dictionary.htm Kannada dictionary] | ||
*Omniglot: [https://omniglot.com/writing/kannada.htm Kannada alphabet, pronunciation and language] | *Omniglot: [https://omniglot.com/writing/kannada.htm Kannada alphabet, pronunciation and language] | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
{{ | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:India]] | [[Category:India]] | ||