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*[https://script.byu.edu/00000184-9bb0-d9f7-af95-9bbc5e000001/german-name-examples '''List of Names in Old German Script'''] A comprehensive list of German given names, written in old script, with possible variations. | *[https://script.byu.edu/00000184-9bb0-d9f7-af95-9bbc5e000001/german-name-examples '''List of Names in Old German Script'''] A comprehensive list of German given names, written in old script, with possible variations. | ||
*[https://script.byu.edu/german-handwriting/tools/names-general '''German Surnames'''] and [https://script.byu.edu/german-handwriting/tools/names-general '''German Given Names'''] | *[https://script.byu.edu/german-handwriting/tools/names-general '''German Surnames'''] and [https://script.byu.edu/german-handwriting/tools/names-general '''German Given Names'''] | ||
::Sometimes, deciphering a surname or given name in an old handwritten document is not as easy as one might suppose. This could be due to the widespread use of abbreviations or to the difficulty in reading the handwriting. Use these lists of surname and given names to assist you in interpreting the names mentioned in the documents.< | ::Sometimes, deciphering a surname or given name in an old handwritten document is not as easy as one might suppose. This could be due to the widespread use of abbreviations or to the difficulty in reading the handwriting. Use these lists of surname and given names to assist you in interpreting the names mentioned in the documents.<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span> | ||
*[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/german '''Behind the Name: German Surnames'''] | *[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/german '''Behind the Name: German Surnames'''] | ||
*[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/german '''Behind the Name: German Given Names'''] | *[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/german '''Behind the Name: German Given Names'''] | ||
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==== -s ==== | ==== -s ==== | ||
*Another form, indicating a female bearer of a surname, was the addition of a genitive '''"s"'''. A daughter or wife of Mr. Bäcker (literally Baker) would appear as Ms Bäckers (in German without an apostrophe), as being Bäcker's daughter or wife.< | *Another form, indicating a female bearer of a surname, was the addition of a genitive '''"s"'''. A daughter or wife of Mr. Bäcker (literally Baker) would appear as Ms Bäckers (in German without an apostrophe), as being Bäcker's daughter or wife.<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span> | ||
===Surname Spelling Variations by Dialect=== | ===Surname Spelling Variations by Dialect=== | ||
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*Germans occasionally use "-chen" and "-lein" as diminutive endings meaning “little.” Gretchen could be translated little Greta (Margret). Use of the ending may result in vowel changes, such as "Hänschen", which is "little Hans". (Hans itself is a familiar variant of Johan.) | *Germans occasionally use "-chen" and "-lein" as diminutive endings meaning “little.” Gretchen could be translated little Greta (Margret). Use of the ending may result in vowel changes, such as "Hänschen", which is "little Hans". (Hans itself is a familiar variant of Johan.) | ||
*Germans may also use "-el" as a diminutive ending. For example, Hansel and Gretel for Johan and Margret. | *Germans may also use "-el" as a diminutive ending. For example, Hansel and Gretel for Johan and Margret. | ||
*The endings -s or -es show possession. Hermann Josefs Sohn would mean Joseph's son Hermann. Notice that there is no apostrophe.< | *The endings -s or -es show possession. Hermann Josefs Sohn would mean Joseph's son Hermann. Notice that there is no apostrophe.<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span> | ||
=== Given Names in Foreign Languages === | === Given Names in Foreign Languages === | ||
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==For Further Reading== | ==For Further Reading== | ||
*For more details about German '''naming customs, spellings, grammatical endings, and variants:''' | *For more details about German '''naming customs, spellings, grammatical endings, and variants:''' | ||
**Kenneth L. Smith's {{ | **Kenneth L. Smith's {{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|498963|item|disp=German Church Books : Beyond the Basics}} Camden, Maine : Picton Press, 1989. (943 D27skL.) {{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|560609906|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
**Melchers, Paul & Wasserzieher, Ernst. <u>'''''Hans Und Grete '''''</u> (2500 First names explained). Bonn, Germany: Ferd. Dümmlers Verlag, 1972. (FS Library book 943 D4w 1972) {{ | **Melchers, Paul & Wasserzieher, Ernst. <u>'''''Hans Und Grete '''''</u> (2500 First names explained). Bonn, Germany: Ferd. Dümmlers Verlag, 1972. (FS Library book 943 D4w 1972) {{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|4802433|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
**Minert, Roger P. '''''Spelling Variations in German Names: Solving Family History Problems Through Applications of German and English Phonetics'''''. GRT Publications; Woods Cross, UT, 2000. (FS Library book 943 D47m) {{ | **Minert, Roger P. '''''Spelling Variations in German Names: Solving Family History Problems Through Applications of German and English Phonetics'''''. GRT Publications; Woods Cross, UT, 2000. (FS Library book 943 D47m) {{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|44623991|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*There are also many books that discuss '''German names and their meanings. Some indicate the cities or regions where some surnames are most common or the earliest date and place the name was documented:''' | *There are also many books that discuss '''German names and their meanings. Some indicate the cities or regions where some surnames are most common or the earliest date and place the name was documented:''' | ||
**Bahlow, Hans. '''''Deutsches Namenlexikon (German name dictionary).''''' Frankfurt/Main, Germany: Suhrkamp Taschenbuch, 1972. (FS Library book 943 D4ba 1972.) {{ | **Bahlow, Hans. '''''Deutsches Namenlexikon (German name dictionary).''''' Frankfurt/Main, Germany: Suhrkamp Taschenbuch, 1972. (FS Library book 943 D4ba 1972.) {{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|742422822|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Part of a German's first name(s) could come from '''the "saint name"''' associated with the date on which he/she was christened. Two sources which could be used for checking this out are: | *Part of a German's first name(s) could come from '''the "saint name"''' associated with the date on which he/she was christened. Two sources which could be used for checking this out are: | ||
**Weidenhan, Joseph L. <u>'''''Baptismal Names...'''''</u> Baltimore, Maryland: Kenmore Productions, 19--. Republished by Gale Research Company: Detroit, Michigan, 1968. (FS Library book 929.4 W426b) {{ | **Weidenhan, Joseph L. <u>'''''Baptismal Names...'''''</u> Baltimore, Maryland: Kenmore Productions, 19--. Republished by Gale Research Company: Detroit, Michigan, 1968. (FS Library book 929.4 W426b) {{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|6444472|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
**Grotefend, H & Ulrich, Th. <u> [https://archive.org/details/taschenbuchderze00grot '''''Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des Deutschen Mittelalters und der Neuzeit''''' (Online)] </u> Hannover, Germany: Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung,1971. (FS Library book 943 H3gh 1971) {{ | **Grotefend, H & Ulrich, Th. <u> [https://archive.org/details/taschenbuchderze00grot '''''Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des Deutschen Mittelalters und der Neuzeit''''' (Online)] </u> Hannover, Germany: Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung,1971. (FS Library book 943 H3gh 1971) {{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|10400769|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*More such books are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | *More such books are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | ||
**{{ | **{{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|360506|subject_id|disp= Germany - Names, Personal}} | ||
**{{ | **{{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|504484|subject_id|disp= Germany - Names, Personal - Dictionaries}} | ||
**{{ | **{{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|836171|subject_id|disp= Germany - Names, Personal - Handbooks, manuals, etc.}} | ||
**{{ | **{{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|581808|subject_id|disp= Germany - Names, Personal - Indexes}} | ||
**{{ | **{{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|1305080|subject_id|disp= Germany - Names, Personal - Maps}} | ||
**{{ | **{{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|124420|subject_id|disp= Germany - Names, Personal - Periodicals}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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{{ | {{<span class="error">Expansion depth limit exceeded</span>|Germany}} | ||
[[fr:Allemagne : Noms et Surnoms]][[pt:Alemanha - Nomes Pessoais]] | [[fr:Allemagne : Noms et Surnoms]][[pt:Alemanha - Nomes Pessoais]] | ||
[[Category:Germany]] [[Category:Naming Customs]] [[Category:Naming Customs]] | [[Category:Germany]] [[Category:Naming Customs]] [[Category:Naming Customs]] | ||
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